Birth Advantages and Relative Age Effects: Exploring Organisational Structures in Youth Sport PDF Download

Author: Adam Leigh Kelly
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889713059
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 199

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Author: Adam L. Kelly
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000394883
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 231

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Book Description
Relative age effects (RAEs) refer to the participation, selection, and attainment inequalities in the immediate, short-term, and long-term in sports. Indeed, dozens of studies have identified RAEs across male and female sporting contexts. Despite its widespread prevalence, there is a paucity in the empirical research and practical application of strategies specifically designed to moderate RAEs. Thus, the purpose of this book is to situate RAEs in the context of youth sport structures, lay foundational knowledge concerning the mechanisms that underpin RAEs, and offer alternative group banding strategies aimed at moderating RAEs. In order to enhance our knowledge on birth advantages and RAEs to create more appropriate settings, key stakeholders, such as coaches, practitioners, administrators, policy makers, and researchers, are required to understand the possible influence of and interaction between birthplace, engagement in activities, ethnicity, genetic profile, parents, socioeconomic status, and relative age. Thus, in addition to RAEs and alternative group banding strategies, Birth Advantages and Relative Age Effects in Sport also examines the role of additional birth advantages and socio-environmental factors that young athletes may experience in organized youth sport. Drawing from both empirical research and practical examples, this book comprises three parts: (a) organizational structures, (b) group banding strategies, and (c) socio-environmental factors. Overall, this book broadens our understanding of the methodological, contextual, and practical considerations within organizational structures in sport to create more appropriate settings, and strive to make positive, impactful change to lived youth sport experiences. This book will be of vital reading to academics, researchers, and key stakeholders of sports coaching, athlete development, and youth sport, as well as other related disciplines.

Author: Jess C. Dixon
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000069648
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 171

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Book Description
Individual achievement in sport is often constrained by an athlete’s age relative to the peers with whom they participate. A common practice within sport and educational domains is to group youth based on their chronological ages to help promote equal competition, age appropriate instruction, and ensure participant safety. While well intended, such grouping practices can often advantage relatively older children, while disadvantaging those who are relatively younger within the same age cohort. These phenomena are known as Relative Age Effects (RAEs). Relative Age Effects in Sport: International Perspectives includes chapters from internationally recognized scholars who have examined RAEs from different perspectives (e.g., sport, mental health and wellbeing, youth development). This new volume assists in communicating and mobilizing knowledge and research about RAEs, focusing on developing feasible and attractive solutions that capture the attention of practitioners and policy makers from sport governing bodies and creating a resource that is accessible to professionals within the sport and academic communities. Relative Age Effects in Sport: International Perspectives is key reading for academics and researchers in the fields of athlete development, talent identification, coaching education, health and wellbeing, mental health and related disciplines, whilst also of interest to sport industry professionals such as coaches and policy makers.

Author: Adam L. Kelly
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000918777
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 470

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Talent development pathways in youth soccer provide opportunities for young players to realise their potential. Such programmes have become increasingly popular throughout governing bodies, professional clubs, and independent organisations. This has coincided with a rapid rise in sport science literature focused specifically on optimising player development towards expertise. However, the decreasing age of recruitment, biases in selection, inconsistencies in the language used, underrepresented populations, and large dropout rates from pathways have magnified the potential flaws of existing organisational structures and settings. Moreover, despite both the professionalisation of talent development pathways and growing research attention, we still know little about the characteristics that facilitate accurate recruitment strategies into pathways and long-term development outcomes. Talent Identification and Development in Youth Soccer provides an all-encompassing guide for both researchers and practitioners by gathering the existing literature to help better understand the current context of this discipline. Chapters are contributed by a team of leading and emerging international experts, examining topics such as technical, tactical, physical, psychological, social, activities and trajectories, career transitions, relative age effects, creativity, and genetics, with each chapter offering important considerations for both researchers and practitioners. With a dual emphasis on both theory and practice, this book is an important text for any student, researcher, coach, or practitioner with an interest in talent identification, talent development, youth soccer, soccer coaching, or expertise and skill acquisition.

Author: Martin Toms
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000806510
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 514

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The Routledge Handbook of Coaching Children in Sport provides a comprehensive and extensive range of critical reflections of key areas impacting on children’s sport and coaching up to the age of 16. With coaching related chapters authored by academic across various disciplines, including nutrition, psychology, pedagogy, medicine, youth development and sociology, the text provides detailed reviews of the existing state of research and consideration of the implications of these particular factors upon parents, coaches, administrators and clearly the young people themselves as well as recommendations for future research. This new volume provides in-depth investigation to key topics of coaching topics such as Learning and Child Development, Protecting Young Athletes, Talent Identification and Development and Inclusive Coaching and finally introduce a broad array of contextual considerations for coaches from considering professional learning through to coaching in particular contexts. This book is more than simply an academic text and it offers insights that will further inform practice in children’s sport coaching. The handbook is relevant for students (UG, PG), researchers, academics, parents, coaches and administrators, as well as those interested in children’s sport coaching and the related topics therein. Martin Toms, PhD is a senior lecturer (associate professor) in the School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences at the University of Birmingham, UK. A former professional sports coach with an MPhil and PhD exploring the sociological issues of young people in junior sport, Martin has been heavily involved in juniors sport all of his adult life. He has published widely and presented extensively around the world on youth sport, including working on international projects and for NBGs/Federations and National Governmental organisations. He has gained European and SCUK funding for youth and coaching related projects as well as being involved in international consultancy. He is a co-editor of the European Journal for Sport and Society as well as the current Editor in Chief of the International Journal of Golf Science. Ruth Jeanes, PhD is an associate professor in the Faculty of Education at Monash University, Australia. Ruth’s research examines inclusion and exclusion within youth sport, particularly examining how sport can be used to achieve broader social policy objectives targeted at young people. Within this, she is particularly interested in the role of coaches in facilitating broader social outcomes for young people. Ruth has published extensively in these areas with over 100 publications across journal articles, book chapters and books. She is widely cited and has been successful in securing extensive funding for her research including two highly competitive Australian Research Council grants.

Author: Mark Williams
Publisher: Nicholas Brealey
ISBN: 1529355788
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 347

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THE SECRETS OF SUPERHUMAN PERFORMANCE Never have the best sportspeople seemed so far removed from the rest of us, their prowess so unfathomable. So how are these extraordinary athletes made? THE BEST reveals how the most incredible sportspeople in the world get to the top and stay there. It is a unique look at the path to sporting greatness; a story of origins, practice, genetics and psychology. Packed with gripping personal stories and interviews with top athletes including Elena Delle Donne, Pete Sampras, Joey Votto, Steph Curry, Kurt Warner and Premier League superstars Marcus Rashford and Jamie Carragher, it explains how the best athletes develop the extraordinary skills that allow them to perform remarkable feats under extreme pressure. THE BEST uncovers startling truths of athletic greatness-including why younger siblings have more chance of becoming elite, which towns produce the most superstars, the role of informal play and the best time to be born in the school year. It goes inside the minds of champions to understand what makes them perform during high-octane competition, how to hit a baseball or tennis ball in under 0.5 seconds, the secrets of how the best train and what makes a great leader. The book appeals to all lovers of sport, anyone with an interest in psychology and excellence, the parents of budding athletes, and fans of books like Freakonomics, Outliers and Range. It is a deconstruction of what it takes to be the best-and how we can all improve in sport and beyond.

Author: Po-Tak Cheung
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
ISBN: 9781374675377
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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This dissertation, "The Relative Age Effect and the Birthplace Effect in the National Football League" by Po-tak, Cheung, 張溥德, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: The relative age effect and the birthplace effect in the National Football League - Cheung Po-tak (1995048736) Abstract Two contextual factors that have been suggested to influence the likeli- hood of an individual becoming an elite athlete are their relative age and the population size of the community in which they are born and raised. This thesis examines the existence of these factors amongst current National Football League (NFL) players. The first part of this thesis concerns the relative age effect, which is the advantage enjoyed by athletes born earlier in the year, thus being relatively older than other athletes born in the same year (Musch and Grondin, 2001). Previous studies have shown that the relative age effect is weak, or even non-existent, among American Football players. While the data for the players as a whole sug- gests that this is the case, a breakdown of the data according to the players' posi- tions may present us with a new perspective. By looking at the relative age ef- fect on a positional basis, we seek to determine which positions are more likely to be affected by the relative age effect. This study identifies three positions (Run- ning Backs (RBs), Tight Ends (TEs) and Defensive Linemen (DLs)) in which the percentage of players born in the first two birth-quarters out-number those in the 4The relative age effect and the birthplace effect in the National Football League - Cheung Po-tak (1995048736) latter two birth-quarters by the biggest margin. Therefore, it is suggested that these three positions are most heavily affected by the relative age effect. As these positions are characterised by having a very high demand for physical fit- ness and overall athleticism, it is argued that the relative age effect will only bene- fit the relatively older athletes in terms of their physical development. The ab- sence of the relative age effect in positions requiring higher intelligence and men- tal capacity, such as Quarterbacks (QBs), suggests that the relatively older athletes do not enjoy any advantage over the relatively younger ones in this aspect. A further analysis was also carried out within the thesis, concerning the first-round picks of the NFL draft since 1990s, through which we could see whether the birthdate distribution of these high draft picks is similar to that of the players on the 2004 NFL rosters. It has been found that the biggest difference exist among the QBs and TEs, where the relatively older QBs and TEs are more likely to be selected in the first round when compared with the relatively younger ones. To date, few studies have been carried out to analyse the birthplace ef- fect among athletes. It has been recently suggested by Cote, McDonald, Baker 5The relative age effect and the birthplace effect in the National Football League - Cheung Po-tak (1995048736) and Abernethy (2005) that athletes born in cities that are within a certain popula- tion range are more likely to succeed than those born in cities of other sizes, and athletes from the rural areas have a better chance to break into the professional leagues than the urban athletes do. The remainder of this thesis is a statistical analysis on the birthplace effect of the NFL players, to see if a critical population range exists, and to find out whether the odds of becoming an NFL player is re- lated to the populatio

Author: Kevin Till
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000827364
Category : Sports & Recreation
Languages : en
Pages : 385

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The Young Rugby Player: Science and Application provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of the recent research behind the preparation, development and performance of the young rugby player. Each chapter concludes with key take-home messages and practical applications demonstrating how practitioners can provide evidence-informed delivery with the young rugby athlete. The book highlights how research and science can inform practice including coaching, sport science, player development and performance with the young rugby player. Each author is a world leader within their respective discipline including academics and practitioners who research and practice across youth rugby. The book includes chapters on: • Introducing the young rugby player, including topics related to growth and maturation, talent identification and development and understanding the demands of youth rugby. • Understanding and developing the young rugby player, including topics related to physical, psycho-social, technical and tactical development, alongside training practices and fatigue and recovery. • Other hot topics including nutrition, injury, concussion and injury prevention and the female young rugby player. This text is vital reading for all coaches, sport scientists, strength and conditioning coaches and all academics with an interest in the science and practical application of working with the young rugby player.

Author: Kathleen Armour
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134453760
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 414

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Pedagogical Cases in Physical Education and Youth Sport is a completely new kind of resource for students and practitioners working in physical education or youth sport. The book consists of 20 richly described cases of individual young learners, each written by a team of authors with diverse expertise from across the sport, exercise and movement sciences. These cases bring together knowledge from single sub-disciplines into new interdisciplinary knowledge to inform best practice in physical education, teaching and coaching in youth sport settings. At the heart of each case is an individual young person of a specified age and gender, with a range of physical, social and psychological characteristics. Drawing on current research, theory and empirical data from their own specialist discipline, each chapter author identifies the key factors they feel should be taken into account when attempting to teach or coach the young person described. These strands are then drawn together at the end of each chapter and linked to current research from the sport pedagogy literature, to highlight the implications for planning and evaluating teaching or coaching sessions. No other book offers such a rich, vivid and thought-provoking set of pedagogical tools for understanding and working with children and young people in sport. This is an essential resource for any student on a physical education, coaching, kinesiology or sport science course, and for any teacher, coach or instructor working in physical education or youth sport.

Author: Kelly Webdale (Ottenbrite)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Relative age occurs when youth are placed into age groups in sport and education. Relative Age Effects (RAE) indicate that being born closer to the cutoff date holds an advantage in sport and academic outcomes. Study 1 explores what effects relative age has on educational achievement, participation in school and extracurricular sport and physical education, and positive youth development (PYD). Methods. A secondary analysis of Ontario secondary school students (N= 22,915) age 13 to 18 from the COMPASS study was carried out. The influence of relative age on academic achievement, sport and physical activity participation, and feelings of connectedness were considered. Results. Statistically significant relationships were found between relative age and academic achievement in math and English, relative age and sport participation, and relative age and feelings of connectedness. Feelings of connectedness were related to sport participation as well as higher academic achievement, for all quartiles. Study 2, a systematic review of the relative age literature between January 1980 and May 2016, aimed to assess the strengths and weaknesses of various proposed solutions to relative age effects (RAEs) in youth sport. Results. Forty-one peer-reviewed publications and three articles from online sources met the criteria for inclusion. Most solutions were theoretical and the majority of solutions proposed attempt to address environmental constraints (rather than task or individual) and seek to change sport systems or alter cut-off dates. Many of the solutions proposed would also be difficult to implement. Conclusions: Future research should seek to investigate the effects of relative age on youth sport and educational outcomes, especially as related to connectedness and PYD, and the consideration of other multi-dimensional aspects of youths' developmental ecology. Future research should also seek to test possible proposed solutions to RAEs in sport.