Bioremediation of Chlorinated Solvents in Fractured Bedrock PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Environmental policy
Languages : en
Pages : 34

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Author: Robert E. Hinchee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 360

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Book Description
Soil and groundwater contamination stemming from the release of various chlorinated compounds into the environment is a significant and difficult site remediation challenge. The articles in this collection discuss the use of aerobic and anaerobic biological degradation to dehalogenate sites contaminated with pesticides and chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethene, tetrachloromethene, perchloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, pentachlorophenol, and chlorinated benzene. Bench- and field-scale studies of the biological processes associated with in situ dechlorination of soil and aquifers are described. Discussed are the uses of microcosm studies and numerical simulation of dechlorination to manage system operation. Site characteristics (e.g., hydraulic properties, temperature, nitrogen availability) and their effect on the stability of the methanotrophic community are examined. Methods discussed include the use of air venting, alternative electron donors, biofilm reactors, surfactants, municipal digester sludge, iron enhancement, and sulfate reduction to improve conditions for the microbial consortia that effect dechlorination.

Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN:
Category : In situ bioremediation
Languages : en
Pages : 152

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Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428903151
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38

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Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309373727
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 177

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Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.

Author: Hans F. Stroo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461441145
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 421

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​This volume provides a review of the past 10 to 15 years of intensive research, development and demonstrations that have been on the forefront of developing bioaugmentation into a viable remedial technology. This volume provides both a primer on the basic microbial processes involved in bioaugmentation, as well as a thorough summary of the methodology for implementing the technology. This reference volume will serve as a valuable resource for environmental remediation professionals who seek to understand, evaluate, and implement bioaugmentation.

Author: Andrea Leeson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354

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Sites contaminated with chlorinated compounds pose health risks and are challenging and often expensive to treat in the field. This volume brings together the most up-to-date laboratory findings and the latest full-scale results from bioremediation efforts at actual field sites. Engineering approaches discussed include biobarriers, cometabolism, bioaugmentation, in situ oxidation, Fenton's Reagent, in situ bioremediation, and more.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 457

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Book Description
The Department of Defense (DoD) has identified hundreds of sites where groundwater is contaminated with chlorinated solvents; these represent one of the DoD's largest remediation liabilities. In addition to their use in many industrial processes, chlorinated solvents have historically been used for cleaning and degreasing such diverse products as aircraft engines, automobile parts, electronic components, and clothing in the military and commercial sectors. Chlorinated solvents were often released to the subsurface environment in waste water or in the form of dense non-aqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs). As a result of their physical and chemical properties, DNAPLs are difficult to remediate once they have migrated into groundwater aquifers. Enhanced in situ anaerobic bioremediation can be an effective method of degrading various chlorinated solvents dissolved in groundwater, including chloroethenes, chloroethanes, and chloromethanes. Collectively, these compounds (some of which are degradation products of chlorinated solvents) are referred to as chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs). Advantages of enhanced anaerobic bioremediation include complete mineralization of the contaminants in situ with little impact on infrastructure and relatively low cost compared to more active engineered remedial systems.

Author: Godage B. Wickramanayake
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 560

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Book Description
- Potential Electron Donors- Bioremediation Microcosm and Laboratory Studies- Bioremediation of MTBE- Field Applications of Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Solvents- Aerobic/Anaerobic Mechanisms- Bioaugmentation and Biomonitoring- Cometabolic Processes- Phytoremediation.

Author: Robert E. Hinchee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 290

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Book Description
An international group of researchers and engineers discuss using natural attenuation to degrade contaminants and thereby remediate soils and groundwater. This volume describes laboratory studies and field demonstrations in support of subsurface remediation at military, manufactured gas plant, landfill, petroleum spill, and other sites. The contaminants of concern include benzene, toluene, ethyl-benzene, and xylenes (BTEX); naphthalene; trichloroethene; trichlorethane; and perchloroethylene. Analytical methods for assessing the potential for natural attenuation (passive bioremediation) at a given site and for confirming and documenting efficacy are discussed.