Author: Maria Rosaria Antonelli
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 146

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Book Description

Author: Valery V. Tuchin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540453210
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 281

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Book Description
Optical Polarization in Biomedical Applications introduces key developments in optical polarization methods for quantitative studies of tissues, while presenting the theory of polarization transfer in a random medium as a basis for the quantitative description of polarized light interaction with tissues. This theory uses the modified transfer equation for Stokes parameters and predicts the polarization structure of multiple scattered optical fields. The backscattering polarization matrices (Jones matrix and Mueller matrix) important for noninvasive medical diagnostic are introduced. The text also describes a number of diagnostic techniques such as CW polarization imaging and spectroscopy, polarization microscopy and cytometry. As a new tool for medical diagnosis, optical coherent polarization tomography is analyzed. The monograph also covers a range of biomedical applications, among them cataract and glaucoma diagnostics, glucose sensing, and the detection of bacteria.

Author: Jessica C. Ramella-Roman
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031047419
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 362

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Book Description
This book focuses on biomedical applications of polarized light, covering instrumentation and modeling specific to the field. This will be the first book, written by leading researchers in the field, to tackle this important topic. Readers will learn the fundamentals of polarized light transport and how to develop instrumentation for clinical and preclinical studies. They will also become familiar with the latest advancement in data analysis and image processing for a variety of medical applications. The book is dedicated specifically to the biomedical community, including scientists, engineers, and physicians working on the development of instrumentation for clinical and preclinical use. Emphasizes biomedical imaging and sensing; Describes new computational approaches with examples; Provides detailed descriptions of novel instrumentation.

Author: Kamalakar Ambadipudi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Imaging systems in biology
Languages : en
Pages : 89

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Book Description
"In optical imaging, the high random scattering of light in biological tissue can degrade the contrast of an image which could be a drawback in detection of tumors. Polarization based imaging has shown its capability in overcoming such drawbacks over the recent years. It depends on discrimination of randomly polarized light from weakly polarized light yielding an enhanced image contrast. The purpose of this research study was to investigate, compare and assess the imaging potential of two widely used techniques in the field of polarimetric imaging namely, Linear Polarimeter method (uses linearly polarized light) and Rotating Retarder Polarimeter method (uses circularly polarized light) to interrogate targets embedded in turbid biological media. This novel study may contribute to early detection of diseases and pathologies in biological tissues. The polarization properties of the backscattered light from a turbid medium containing a target submerged in a scattering solution were studied. A preclinical optical phantom was designed and the experiments were done in two phases, each phase corresponding to a different polarimetric technique. Specifically, a polystyrene cylinder was used as the target and the turbid medium was simulated by adding skim milk in volume percentage increments in both the phases. The first phase of experiments involved the Rotating Retarder Polarimeter method and the Polarimetric Measurement Matrix Reduction techniques. The images obtained by this method were processed by iv means of a data reduction algorithm, based on Polarimetric Measurement matrix method to calculate the Degree of Linear Polarization (DOLP) image and total intensity (S0) image. The second phase of experiments involved the Linear Polarimeter method. The resulting co-polarized and cross-polarized images from this method were processed to obtain Degree of Polarization (Rpol) images. Both of these experiments were performed using a backscattered polarimetric imaging system. The images obtained by both the techniques were analyzed by computing signal to background ratio (SBR) values and number of pixels detected as edges for every concentration of skim milk solution added to the surrounding medium of the target. The obtained images were then compared to determine the image quality. Experimental results from both these techniques showed that the DOLP images obtained by the Rotating Retarder Polarimeter method provide better contrast in terms of signal to background ratio (SBR) values and number of pixels detected as edges compared to Degree of Polarization (Rpol) images obtained by the linear Polarimeter method. Overall, the contributions of this study suggest that the interrogation of targets in turbid media using circularly polarized light exhibits superior imaging characteristics with respect to linearly polarized light interrogation."--Abstract.

Author: Adam Wax
Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional
ISBN: 0071598812
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 401

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Book Description
Clinical applications include: detecting pre-cancerous and cancerous tissue states; characterizing cell and tissue properties for identifying disease; and assessing the presence and concentration of biochemicals for diagnostic purposes Part of the McGraw-Hill Biophotonics Series

Author: Josie Ursini-Siegel
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 107162914X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 417

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Book Description
This second edition provides update and new chapters detailing core and emerging in vitro and in vivo protocols. Chapters guide readers through cellular and molecular biology approaches, in vivo genetic approaches, various “omics”-based strategies, therapeutic strategies, and advanced techniques in the fields of tissue engineering and nanotechnology. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Cutting-edge and thorough, The Tumor Microenvironment: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable resource for both novice and expert scientists in this developing field.

Author: Valery V. Tuchin
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000466302
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 682

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Book Description
Biomedical photonics is currently one of the fastest growing fields, connecting research in physics, optics, and electrical engineering coupled with medical and biological applications. It allows for the structural and functional analysis of tissues and cells with resolution and contrast unattainable by any other methods. However, the major challenges of many biophotonics techniques are associated with the need to enhance imaging resolution even further to the sub-cellular level as well as translate them for in vivo studies. The tissue optical clearing method uses immersion of tissues into optical clearing agents (OCAs) that reduces the scattering of tissue and makes tissue more transparent and this method has been successfully used ever since. This book is a self-contained introduction to tissue optical clearing, including the basic principles and in vitro biological applications, from in vitro to in vivo tissue optical clearing methods, and combination of tissue optical clearing and various optical imaging for diagnosis. The chapters cover a wide range of issues related to the field of tissue optical clearing: mechanisms of tissue optical clearing in vitro and in vivo; traditional and innovative optical clearing agents; recent achievements in optical clearing of different tissues (including pathological tissues) and blood for optical imaging diagnosis and therapy. This book provides a comprehensive account of the latest research and possibilities of utilising optical clearing as an instrument for improving the diagnostic effectiveness of modern optical diagnostic methods. The book is addressed to biophysicist researchers, graduate students and postdocs of biomedical specialties, as well as biomedical engineers and physicians interested in the development and application of optical methods in medicine. Key features: The first collective reference to collate all known knowledge on this topic Edited by experts in the field with chapter contributions from subject area specialists Brings together the two main approaches in immersion optical clearing into one cohesive book

Author: Wolfgang Drexler
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540775501
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1346

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Book Description
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is the optical analog of ultrasound imaging and is emerging as a powerful imaging technique that enables non-invasive, in vivo, high resolution, cross-sectional imaging in biological tissue. This book introduces OCT technology and applications not only from an optical and technological viewpoint, but also from biomedical and clinical perspectives. The chapters are written by leading research groups, in a style comprehensible to a broad audience.

Author: Vandana Adya
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Biomedical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 93

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Book Description
"The main purpose of this study is to explore the potential of optically active molecules in conjunction with single pixel detectors and polarimetric techniques for early detection of tissue pathologies. Optical polarimetry can provide invaluable biological information based on molecular composition of the medium, structure, geometry, and metabolism. The preclinical phantom used was a rectangular plexiglass container and the experiments were carried out under backscattering detection geometry. A NIRVANA (Newfocus Inc., Model 2007, Santa Clara, CA, USA) auto balance detector was employed throughout the study. Initial readings were taken with water, and then aqueous solution of optically active molecules was added into it. The readings were obtained for the two states of polarization of light, parallel and perpendicular polarization. The signal-to-noise ratio and detective quantum efficiency (DQE) were calculated. The outcome of this study indicated an increase of the backscattered detected signal, signal-to-noise ratio, and the DQE of the imaging system, with increase in the concentration of optically active contrast agents. The results obtained were validated by performing linear regression analysis and paired t-test. The statistical analysis indicated increase in backscattered detected signal, signal to noise ratio, DQE and significant difference between the two states of polarization. This increase in the backscattered signal due to difference in the refractive index between the background and the object, leads to an increased contrast image that would assist in the early detection of tumor, other tissue pathologies, and biological structures."--Abstract.

Author: Valeriĭ Viktorovich Tuchin
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781628419122
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 688

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Book Description
This text begins by describing the basic principles and diagnostic applications of optical techniques based on detecting and processing the scattering, fluorescence, FT IR, and Raman spectroscopic signals from various tissues, with an emphasis on blood, epithelial tissues, and human skin. The second half of the volume discusses specific imaging technologies, such as Doppler, laser speckle, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging.