Biomarkers for Immunotherapy of Cancer PDF Download

Author: Magdalena Thurin
Publisher: Humana
ISBN: 9781493997725
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
This book provides the immune oncology (IO) community with a deeper understanding of the scope of the biomarker methods to potentially improve the outcome from immunotherapy. The editors secured the input from experts in the field dedicated to translating scientific research from bench to bedside was submitted. The book provides not only details about the technical, standardization and interpretation aspects of the methods but also introduces the reader to the background information and scientific justification for selected biomarkers and assays. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

Author: Said Dermime
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889718638
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 284

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Book Description

Author: Chang Gu
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832529275
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 191

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Book Description
During the past few decades, immunotherapy has become an established pillar of cancer treatment improving the survival of numerous patients with diverse solid and hematologic tumors. The leading causes behind the success are the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T/M/NK cells. As for ICIs, malignancies take advantage of the inhibitory programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) or cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein (CTLA-4) pathways to evade the immune system, and disruption of the axis by immune checkpoint inhibitors can achieve durable disease remissions, which has been proved by basic researches and (pre-) clinical studies among lung cancer, melanoma, renal cell cancer, head, and neck squamous cell carcinoma, urothelial cancer, and Hodgkin’s disease. However, the 5-year survival rate of patients treated with ICIs varies with each individual and also relies on tumor specific pathological or molecular subtypes. Besides, the efficacy of ICIs is still limited in terms of drug resistance and fewer potential responders. Thus, there is a big challenge to identify and develop more novel reliable ICIs, as well as sensibilize existing ICIs for patients with drug resistance or even for non-responders.

Author:
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832541933
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 261

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Book Description
This Research Topic is the second volume of the “Community Series in Novel Biomarkers for Predicting Response to Cancer Immunotherapy". Please see Volume I here. Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies. Targeting of immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has led to improving survival in a subset of patients. Despite their remarkable success, clinical benefit remains limited to only a subset of patients. A significant limitation behind these current treatment modalities is an irregularity in clinical response, which is especially pronounced among checkpoint inhibition. Currently, relevant predictors of cancer immunotherapy response include microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR), expression of PD-L1, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune genomic characteristics, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, none of them have sufficient evidence to be a stratification factor. Moreover, as the combined strategies for effective cancer immunotherapy had been developed in multiple tumors, such as Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. Therefore, the development of novel biomarkers endowed with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy able to identify which patients may truly benefit from the treatment with cancer immunotherapy would allow to refine the therapeutic selection and to better tailor the treatment strategy. This research topic aims to focus on the advances in the discoveries of novel biomarkers for predicting response to cancer immunotherapy in various tumors. We welcome the submission of original research and review articles that include biomarkers in clinical study and applications, as well as technologies or discoveries in experimental approaches.

Author: Jinghua Pan
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832525490
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 493

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Book Description
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of malignancies. Targeting of immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) has led to improving survival in a subset of patients. Despite their remarkable success, clinical benefit remains limited to only a subset of patients. A significant limitation behind these current treatment modalities is an irregularity in clinical response, which is especially pronounced among checkpoint inhibition. Currently, relevant predictors of cancer immunotherapy response include microsatellite instability-high/deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/dMMR), expression of PD-L1, tumor mutation burden (TMB), immune genomic characteristics, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). However, none of them have sufficient evidence to be a stratification factor. Moreover, as the combined strategies for effective cancer immunotherapy had been developed in multiple tumors, such as Immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and anti-angiogenesis therapy. Therefore, the development of novel biomarkers endowed with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy able to identify which patients may truly benefit from the treatment with cancer immunotherapy would allow to refine the therapeutic selection and to better tailor the treatment strategy.

Author: Takaji Matsutani
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 283254794X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 343

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Book Description
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) such as anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies are highly effective against many types of cancer, yet durable responses are limited to a subset of patients highlighting the need for the development of effective biomarkers to predict prognosis and efficacy. Currently, PD-L1 expression in tumors, microsatellite instability (MSI) or mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR), and tumor mutation burden (TMB) are known as biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy but are not sufficient. Combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and chemotherapy or radiation therapy, as well as diverse therapies targeting intra-tumoral regulatory T cells have been described, but there are currently no unifying biomarkers that are applicable to clinically, a simple, fast, non-invasive method that can yield biomarkers of disease with a minimal adverse effect on patients is desirable. Recent findings suggest that the balancing of effector T cells and regulatory cells in the tumor microenvironment is associated with cancer progression and prognosis. Cells and molecules involved in the control of cancer are complex, and a better understanding of the tumor immune environment will lead to the development of truly effective biomarkers. This topic will focus on novel biomarkers that predict efficacy, prognosis, or the development of adverse events in various cancer immunotherapies, and extensive basic research leading to the development of biomarkers. Manuscripts consisting solely of bioinformatics or computational analysis of public genomic or transcriptomic databases which are not accompanied by robust and relevant validation (clinical cohort or biological validation in vitro or in vivo) are out of scope for this topic. We expect a wide range of research, not only in serology, genetics, and immunocytochemistry but also in bacterial flora. Research on the development of novel assays and bioinformatics methods is also welcome: • Non-invasive biomarkers for cancer immunotherapy. • Bulk RNA-seq, scRNA-seq, or Rep-seq methods. • Correlation of tumor immune cells with gut microbiota in tumor immunotherapy. • Impact of Teff and Treg balance in the tumor microenvironment on tumor prognosis. • Inflammatory and immune signatures associated with drug response versus resistance in cancer.

Author: Magdalena Thurin
Publisher: Humana Press
ISBN: 9781627037266
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
In Molecular Diagnostics for Melanoma: Methods and Protocols, expert researchers and clinicians in the field of melanoma provide updated information on biomarkers and assays for diagnosis, prognosis, and assays predicting response to treatment for routine testing. The focus of the volume is on biomarkers with established clinical validity rather than those on early discovery stage. With additional in-depth discussion of the molecular biology and pathology of melanoma, treatment options in adjuvant and metastatic setting, and implications of biomarker testing for clinical management of melanoma patients. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include extensive introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and practical, Molecular Diagnostics for Melanoma: Methods and Protocols seeks to provide both clinicians and scientists with technical information and extensive background information on the wide ranging approaches available in the field of diagnostics of melanoma.

Author: Hui Dai
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832547109
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 374

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Book Description
Genitourinary tumors consist of a large variety of malignancies located in the urinary and the reproductive systems, mainly including prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and renal tumors. Apart from surgeries, various systemic treatments have been used for the whole-course management of genitourinary tumors, including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. However, the characteristics of progression, metastasis, and drug resistance deriving from tumors require and breed novel treatments. Furthermore, exploring biomarkers of genitourinary tumors at the early stage is also beneficial to strengthen the management of patients with tumors. Additionally, the diagnostic and prognostic value of the potential biomarkers for immunotherapy and combined therapy of genitourinary tumors are underexplored. On the basis of precision treatments, the advent of immune-based therapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs, antibodies targeting PD-L1 /PD-1 and CTLA-4 pathways), tumor vaccines, and other therapies, has extended the scope of treatment modalities. FDA has until now approved the clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in a wide range of diseases including some types of genitourinary tumors, whereas not all patients with genitourinary tumors are suitable for immune-based therapies, therefore, the understanding of its underlying mechanism is key to develop effective treatments based on current ICI-based immunotherapy.

Author: Laurence J. N. Cooper
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1118123220
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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Book Description
A guide to state-of-the-art cancer immunotherapy in translational cancer research A volume in the Translational Oncology series, Immunotherapy in Translational Cancer Research explores the recent developments in the role that immunotherapy plays in the treatment of a wide range of cancers. The editors present key concepts, illustrative examples, and suggest alternative strategies in order to achieve individualized targeted therapy. Comprehensive in scope, Immunotherapy in Translational Cancer Research reviews the relevant history, current state, and the future of burgeoning cancer-fighting therapies. The book also includes critical information on drug development, clinical trials, and governmental resources and regulatory issues. Each chapter is created to feature: development of the immunotherapy; challenges that have been overcome in order to scale up and undertake clinical trials; and clinical experience and application of research. This authoritative volume is edited by a team of noted experts from MD Anderson Cancer Center, the world’s foremost cancer research and care center and: Offers a comprehensive presentation of state-of-the-art cancer immunotherapy research that accelerates the pace of clinical cancer care Filled with the concepts, examples, and approaches for developing individualized therapy Explores the breath of treatments that reflect the complexity of the immune system itself Includes contributions from a panel international experts in the field of immunotherapy Designed for physicians, medical students, scientists, pharmaceutical executives, public health and public policy government leaders and community oncologists, this essential resource offers a guide to the bidirectional interaction between laboratory and clinic immunotherapy cancer research.

Author: Amelie G. Ramirez
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303029286X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 320

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Book Description
This open access book gives an overview of the sessions, panel discussions, and outcomes of the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference, held in February 2018 in San Antonio, Texas, USA, and hosted by the Mays Cancer Center and the Institute for Health Promotion Research at UT Health San Antonio. Latinos – the largest, youngest, and fastest-growing minority group in the United States – are expected to face a 142% rise in cancer cases in coming years. Although there has been substantial advancement in cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment over the past few decades, addressing Latino cancer health disparities has not nearly kept pace with progress. The diverse and dynamic group of speakers and panelists brought together at the Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos conference provided in-depth insights as well as progress and actionable goals for Latino-focused basic science research, clinical best practices, community interventions, and what can be done by way of prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer in Latinos. These insights have been translated into the chapters included in this compendium; the chapters summarize the presentations and include current knowledge in the specific topic areas, identified gaps, and top priority areas for future cancer research in Latinos. Topics included among the chapters: Colorectal cancer disparities in Latinos: Genes vs. Environment Breast cancer risk and mortality in women of Latin American origin Differential cancer risk in Latinos: The role of diet Overcoming barriers for Latinos on cancer clinical trials Es tiempo: Engaging Latinas in cervical cancer research Emerging policies in U.S. health care Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos proves to be an indispensable resource offering key insights into actionable targets for basic science research, suggestions for clinical best practices and community interventions, and novel strategies and advocacy opportunities to reduce health disparities in Latino communities. It will find an engaged audience among researchers, academics, physicians and other healthcare professionals, patient advocates, students, and others with an interest in the broad field of Latino cancer.