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Author: James T. Fulton Publisher: Trafford Publishing ISBN: Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
After applying the principles of visual science to military reconnaissance and intelligence for many years, the author has prepared a tutorial integrating the many fundamental mechanisms underlying the visual capability found in the animal kingdom. He shows that multicolor vision has been found in the animal kingdom from the beginning (for at least 500 million years) and that vision is generally tetrachromatic. He shows that human vision follows this general plan, although its spectral performance is partially blocked by the absorption inherent in the lens of the eye. As a result, the human can be considered a blocked tetrachromat; in the vernacular but unscientifi cally, a trichromat. He provides an extensive series of circuit diagrams, from those defi ning the electrical performance of individual neurons, synapses and Nodes of Ranvier to complete diagrams integrating all of the major visual circuits of the eyes and the brain. The fundamental mechanisms and physiology associated with the photoreceptor cell of the eye are developed in detail, including the precise chemical composition of the four chromophores of vision. The concept of an ion-pump is defi ned in terms of the underlying electrostenolytic process for the fi rst time. It is shown that glutamic acid (glutamate) is the primary energy source powering the neural systems of all animals. The key elements of the midbrain involved in reading are described for the fi rst time. The book closes with a variety of fi gures describing the spatial and chromatic performance of the human visual system. Additional fi gures, an extensive glossary, an expanded tabulation of the parameters of the human eye, and more than 1000 references are available at the associated website, www.4colorvision.com.
Author: James Elder Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832553451 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 220
Book Description
A principal challenge for both biological and machine vision systems is to integrate and organize the diversity of cues received from the environment into the coherent global representations we experience and require to make good decisions and take effective actions. Early psychological investigations date back more than 100 years to the seminal work of the Gestalt school. Yet in the last 50 years, neuroscientific and computational approaches to understanding perceptual organization have become equally important, and a full understanding requires integration of all three approaches. This highly interdisciplinary Research Topic welcomes contributions spanning Computer Science, Psychology, and Neuroscience, with the aim of presenting a single, unified collection that will encourage integration and cross-fertilization across disciplines.
Author: Michael F. Land Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199581134 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 291
Book Description
This book covers the way that all known types of eyes work, from their optics to the behaviour they guide. The ways that eyes sample the world in space and time are considered, and the evolutionary origins of eyes are discussed. This new edition incorporates discoveries made since the first edition published in 2001.
Author: Erich Jantsch Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1000301265 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 244
Book Description
"The evolutionary vision" is a term coined by economist Kenneth E. Boulding to describe a unified view of evolution that encompasses all levels of reality, from the cosmic or physical through the biological, ecological, and sociobiological to the sociocultural. It focuses less on systems or any particular entity than on the processes through which they evolve. In this volume various approaches to the self-organization of matter and information are outlined by authors who are among the chief developers of this new paradigm. They focus on the general laws governing evolutionary dynamics across all levels of evolution, including the evolution of humans and human systems.
Author: Ernst Mayr Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 9780674884694 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
"(A) lively book . . . on how biologists study living things. . . . Its range is enormous. . . . This is an old-fashioned book, to be read slowly, more than once, and to be thought about afterward".--Ann Finkbeiner, "The New York Times Book Review". Chart.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309147867 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 113
Book Description
Now more than ever, biology has the potential to contribute practical solutions to many of the major challenges confronting the United States and the world. A New Biology for the 21st Century recommends that a "New Biology" approach-one that depends on greater integration within biology, and closer collaboration with physical, computational, and earth scientists, mathematicians and engineers-be used to find solutions to four key societal needs: sustainable food production, ecosystem restoration, optimized biofuel production, and improvement in human health. The approach calls for a coordinated effort to leverage resources across the federal, private, and academic sectors to help meet challenges and improve the return on life science research in general.
Author: Pomplun, Marc Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1466625406 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 447
Book Description
"This book provides interdisciplinary research that evaluates the performance of machine visual models and systems in comparison to biological systems, blending the ideas of current scientific knowledge and biological vision"--
Author: Li Zhaoping Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0199564663 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 397
Book Description
Vision science has grown hugely in the past decades, but there have been few books showing readers how to adopt a computional approach to understanding visual perception, along with the underlying mechanisms in the brain. This book explains the computational principles and models of biological visual processing, and in particular, primate vision.
Author: Gabriel Kreiman
Author: Gabriel Kreiman
Author: John P. Frisby
Author: James T. Fulton
Author: James Elder
Author: Michael F. Land
Author: Erich Jantsch
Author: Ernst Mayr
Author: National Research Council
Author: Pomplun, Marc
Author: Li Zhaoping