Bioelectrochemical Applications of Reactions Catalyzed by Immobilized Enzymes PDF Download

Author: Xiao-Jing Tang
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Catalysis
Languages : en
Pages : 156

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Author: Rowan Austin
Publisher: Scientific e-Resources
ISBN: 1839473460
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 348

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Book Description
An enzyme is a protein, or protein complex, that catalyses a chemical reaction. Like any catalyst, enzymes work by lowering the activation energy of a reaction, thus allowing the reaction to proceed to its steady state or completion much faster than it otherwise would; the enzyme remains unaltered by the completed reaction and can therefore continue catalysis. An immobilized enzyme is an enzyme attached to an inert, insoluble material-such as calcium alginate. This can provide increased resistance to changes in conditions such as pH or temperature. It also lets enzymes be held in place throughout the reaction, following which they are easily separated from the products and may be used again-a far more efficient process and so is widely used in industry for enzyme catalysed reactions. An alternative to enzyme immobilization is whole cell immobilization. Carrier matrices for enzyme immobilisation by adsorption and covalent binding must be chosen with care. The manufacture of high-valued products on a small scale may allow the use of relatively expensive supports and immobilisation techniques whereas these would not be economical in the large-scale production of low added-value materials. A substantial saving in costs occurs where the carrier may be regenerated after the useful lifetime of the immobilised enzyme. This book is simple protocols for the immobilization of enzymes and cells that could be useful for application at industrial scale, novel protocols for immobilization in the future, and new chemical reactors able to overcome the limitations of a number of immobilized derivatives.

Author: Lemuel B. Wingard
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483215849
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 377

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Book Description
Applied Biochemistry and Bioengineering, Volume 1: Immobilized Enzyme Principles focuses on the utilization of immobilization techniques for the study and application of enzyme catalysts in a variety of potential end-uses. This book emphasizes the preparation of enzyme-support systems, effects caused by the concurrent phenomena of enzyme-catalyzed reaction kinetics and mass transfer resistances, and how these reactions are incorporated into the design of enzyme-catalyzed reactor systems. The magnitude of the perturbation of the apparent kinetic parameters of an immobilized enzyme that could serve in principle as a measure of the effective concentrations of substrate, modifier, or inhibitor at the site of the enzymic reaction is also explained. This volume is recommended for biological scientists and engineers, as well as researchers interested in the biochemical common denominator that causes the interaction of engineering practice and biological sciences for technological development.

Author: Michael D. Trevan
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Author: José M. Guisán
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1597450537
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 447

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Book Description
Enzymes and whole cells are able to catalyze the most complex chemical processes under the most benign experimental and environmental conditions. In this way, enzymes and cells could be excellent catalysts for a much more sustainable chemical industry. However, enzymes and cells also have some limitations for nonbiological applications: fine chemistry, food chemistry, analysis, therapeutics, and so on. Enzymes and cells may be unstable, difficult to handle under nonconventional conditions, poorly selective toward synthetic substrates, and so forth. From this point of view, the transformation—from the laboratory to industry—of chemical processes catalyzed by enzymes and cells may be one of the most complex and exciting goals in biotechnology. For many industrial applications, enzymes and cells have to be immobilized, via very simple and cost-effective protocols, in order to be re-used over very long periods of time. From this point of view, immobilization, simplicity, and stabilization have to be strongly related concepts. Over the last 30 years, a number of protocols for the immobilization of cells and enzymes have been reported in scientific literature. However, only very few protocols are simple and useful enough to greatly improve the functional properties of enzymes and cells, activity, stability, selectivity, and related properties.

Author: George G. Guilbault
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 480

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Author: Lemuel B. Wingard
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483215857
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 329

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Book Description
Analytical Applications of Immobilized Enzymes and Cells, Volume 3 presents a survey of the interdisciplinary interactions, developments, and trends on research in immobilized enzymes and cells. This volume is comprised of eight chapters. Chapters 1 to 4 are devoted to the description of methodologies and instrumentations which are used in routine analysis. Among those described are enzyme tubes, enzyme thermistors, and enzymic or microbial electrodes. Chapter 4 provides a theoretical analysis of electrode design. Subsequent chapters focus on solid-phase enzyme immunoassays and on techniques for in vivo monitoring of metabolites; economic evaluation of the use of high-purity enzymes in analysis; and an assessment of the significance of microprocessors and computer science in enzyme based analysis. Chemists and chemical engineers will find the book very useful.

Author: Kenji Kano
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811589607
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 135

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Book Description
This book covers the fundamental aspects of the electrochemistry and redox enzymes that underlie enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, in which a redox enzyme reaction is coupled with an electrode reaction. Described here are the basic concept and theoretical aspects of bioelectrocatalysis and the various experimental techniques and materials used to study and characterize related problems. Also included are the various applications of bioelectrocatalysis to bioelectrochemical devices including biosensors, biofuel cells, and bioreactors. This book is a unique source of information in the area of enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, approaching the subject from a cross-disciplinary point of view.

Author: Ralph Messing
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323141323
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 249

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Book Description
Immobilized Enzymes for Industrial Reactors aims to guide the engineer and scientist along the path toward the industrial application of immobilized enzymes. It is necessary to identify the hazards and pitfalls that will be encountered, not only in the initial research efforts, but also during the final engineering phases of a commercial program. Each contributing factor in an immobilized enzyme system will be scrutinized by the authors in an effort to accomplish the overall objectives. This book comprises 10 chapters, with the first being an introduction to and general history of immobilized enzymes. The next chapters go on to discuss basic enzymology; controlled-pore glasses for enzyme immobilization; carriers; immobilization by adsorption and inorganic bridge formation; immobilization by covalent attachment and by entrapment; characteristics of free vs. immobilized enzymes; immobilized coenzymes; design and operation of immobilized enzyme reactors; and applications of immobilized enzymes. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of chemistry and engineering.

Author: Alfred Olson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468420887
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 269

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Book Description
In the last five years the potential value of immobilized enzymes has captured the imagination of an increasing number of scientists and engineers. The concept of being able to create an immobilized derivative of an enzyme which has long-term stability and is able to be recovered and reused is fascinating, to say the least. Since the industrial application of enzymes has been mostly in the food and microbial process industry it is not surprising that many of the applications of immobilized enzymes considered for commercial development fall within the area of this industry. It is for this reason that we organized a symposium on immobilized enzymes for the 166th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society. Appropriately, the symposium was jointly sponsored by the Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry and the Division of Microbial Chemistry and Technology. Although there were at least half a dozen symposia at other meetings on various aspects of immobilized enzyme technology in the preceding ten months none had specifically addressed themselves to food and microbial processes and none had been held at a meeting such as the National ACS gathering, which is not only large but multidisciplinary. The enthusiastic response to this symposium prompted us, at the invita tion of Plenum Press, to publish the proceedings of this symposium.