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Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9781280856532 Category : Languages : en Pages : 128
Book Description
The use of biocides in plastics is commonplace. They are added to protect the plastic from degradation by microbes or to provide an external antimicrobial hygienic surface. This Rapra Review Report examines the use of biocides in plastics with reference to material types and application requirements. The commonly available biocides are reviewed and details of their strengths and weaknesses are provided. The author reviews the frequently used test methods for fungi and bacteria, and, in an ever-changing regulatory environment, explores the influence of legislation on the current and future use of such biocides. This report will be of interest to biocide suppliers and plastic product manufacturers, and to all professionals requiring information on biocide chemistry and application.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9781280856532 Category : Languages : en Pages : 128
Book Description
The use of biocides in plastics is commonplace. They are added to protect the plastic from degradation by microbes or to provide an external antimicrobial hygienic surface. This Rapra Review Report examines the use of biocides in plastics with reference to material types and application requirements. The commonly available biocides are reviewed and details of their strengths and weaknesses are provided. The author reviews the frequently used test methods for fungi and bacteria, and, in an ever-changing regulatory environment, explores the influence of legislation on the current and future use of such biocides. This report will be of interest to biocide suppliers and plastic product manufacturers, and to all professionals requiring information on biocide chemistry and application.
Author: D. Nichols Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781859575123 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 130
Book Description
This Rapra Review Report examines the use of biocides in plastics with reference to material types and application requirements. The commonly available biocides are reviewed and details of their strengths and weaknesses are provided. The author reviews the frequently used test methods for fungi and bacteria, and, in an ever-changing regulatory environment, explores the influence of legislation on the current and future use of such biocides. This detailed and state-of-the-art review is supported by an indexed section containing several hundred key references and abstracts selected from the Polymer Library database.
Author: Antonella Piozzi Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039284568 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
The rapid increase in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, combined with a dwindling rate of discovery of novel antibiotic molecules, has created an alarming issue worldwide. Although the occurrence of resistance in microbes is a natural process, the overuse of antibiotics is known to increase the rate of resistance evolution. Under antibiotic treatment, susceptible bacteria inevitably die, while resistant microorganisms proliferate under reduced competition. Therefore, the out-of-control use of antibiotics eliminates drug-susceptible species that would naturally limit the expansion of resistant species. In addition, the ability of many microbial species to grow as a biofilm has further complicated the treatment of infections with conventional antibiotics. A number of corrective measures are currently being explored to reverse or slow antibiotic resistance evolution, Among which one of the most promising solutions is the development of polymer-based antimicrobial compounds. In this Special Issue, different polymer systems able to prevent or treat biofilm formation, including cationic polymers, antibacterial peptide-mimetic polymers, polymers or composites able to load and release bioactive molecules, and antifouling polymers able to repel microbes by physical or chemical mechanisms are reported. Their applications in the design and fabrication of medical devices, in food packaging, and as drug carriers is investigated.
Author: T. J. O'Neill Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781859573648 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
This review describes the process of life cycle analysis in some detail. It describes the different organisations involved in researching and applying these techniques and the database resources being used to generate comparative reports. The overview explains the factors to be considered, the terminology, the organisations involved in developing these techniques and the legislation which is driving the whole process forward. The ISO standards relating to environmental management are also discussed briefly in the document. Design for the environment is covered in the report. This review is accompanied by summaries of selected papers on life cycle analysis and environmental impact from the Rapra Polymer Library database.
Author: Geoffrey Pritchard Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781859574997 Category : Market surveys Languages : en Pages : 210
Book Description
The additive families are considered with an outline of the technical issues and the trends driving the markets. The main marketplaces for each additive type are discussed and the trends outlined. It contains an overview of the significant trends in the four largest plastics market sectors: packaging, construction, automotive and electrical and electronics. The report focuses on the important issues within Europe, with comment on the relevant trends in North America and Asia. The report provides discussion of the trends in material consumption and specific additive groups. It also includes brief company news and information for some of the leading additive suppliers.
Author: Stuart Fairgrieve Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781847350831 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 146
Book Description
A very important factor in obtaining optimised physical properties from a semi-crystalline polymer is the size of the crystalline structures present in the material, and this crucially depends on the initiation process of crystallisation of the polymer from the melt - nucleation. This review provides information on the development of materials and methods for influencing the nucleation of polymer crystallisation in commercial processing by means of addition of low levels of adjuvants specifically selected for this purpose.
Author: Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan Publisher: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG ISBN: 3110638630 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 458
Book Description
Biocidal polymers are designed to inhibit or kill microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi and protozoans. This book summarizes recent findings in the synthesis, modification and characterization of various antimicrobial polymers ranging from plastics and elastomers to biomimetic and biodegradable polymers. Modifications with different antimicrobial agents as well as antimicrobial testing methods are described in a comprehensive manner.
Author: Jiri George Drobny Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781847350077 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 192
Book Description
Fluoropolymers were discovered accidentally by Plunkett in 1938. He was working on freon and accidentally polymerised tetrafluoroethylene. The result was polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), more commonly known as Teflon. PTFE is inert to virtually all chemicals and is considered to be the most slippery material in existence - it has the lowest coefficient of friction of any known solid material. These properties have made it one of the most valuable and versatile technologies ever invented, contributing to significant advancements in areas such as aerospace, communications, electronics, industrial.
Author: Martin Forrest Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing ISBN: 9781847350794 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
This Rapra Review Report, Coatings and Inks for Food Contact Materials, has attempted to cover all of the coatings and inks products used in food contact scenarios. In practice, this encompasses an extremely wide range of polymer systems and formulations, and an emphasis has been placed on coatings and inks used in food packaging, as this is usually regarded as representing the most important application category with respect to the potential for migration to occur. In addition to a thorough introduction of the polymers and additives that are used to produce coatings and inks, there are also chapters covering the regulation of these materials, the migration and analytical tests that are performed on them to assess their suitability for food contact applications, the migration data that have been published, and the areas in the field that are receiving the most attention for research and development. The report is accompanied by around 400 abstracts compiled from the Polymer Library, to facilitate further reading on this subject.
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Author: 
Author: D. Nichols
Author: Antonella Piozzi
Author: T. J. O'Neill
Author: Geoffrey Pritchard
Author: Stuart Fairgrieve
Author: Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan
Author: Jiri George Drobny
Author: Martin Forrest
Author: Debdatta Ratna