Benthic Habitat Mapping Using Multibeam Sonar Systems PDF Download

Author: Iain Michael Parnum
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 213

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Book Description
The shape parameter was shown to relate to the ratio of the insonification area (which can be interpreted as an elementary scattering cell) to the footprint size rather than to the angular dependence of backscatter strength. When this ratio is less than 5, the gamma shape parameter is very similar for different habitats and is nearly linearly proportional to the ratio. Above a ratio of 5, the gamma shape parameter is not significantly dependent on the ratio and there is a noticeable difference in this parameter between different seafloor types. A new approach to producing images of backscatter properties, introduced and referred to as the angle cube method, was developed. The angle cube method uses spatial interpolation to construct a three-dimensional array of backscatter data that is a function of X-Y coordinates and the incidence angle. This allows the spatial visualisation of backscatter properties to be free from artefacts of the angular dependence and provides satisfactory estimates of the backscatter characteristics. Using the angle-average backscatter strength and slope of the angular dependence, derived by the angle cube method, in addition to seafloor terrain parameters, habitat probability and classification maps were produced to show distributions of sand, marine vegetation (e.g. seagrass and rhodolith) and hard substrate (e.g. coral and bedrock) for five different survey areas. Ultimately, this study demonstrated that the combination of high-resolution bathymetry and backscatter strength data, as collected by MBS, is an efficient and cost-effective tool for benthic habitat mapping in costal zones.

Author: Jennifer Lynne Brizzolara
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Backscattering
Languages : en
Pages : 528

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This study investigates a way to characterize the geology and biology of the seafloor in two Marine Protected Areas on the West Florida Shelf. Characterization of benthic habitats needs to include sufficient detail to represent the complex and heterogeneous bottom types. Characterizations can be interpreted from multiple data sets and displayed as benthic habitat maps. Multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter provide full spatial data coverage, but interpretation of such data requires some form of ground truth (to characterize the habitat). Imagery from towed underwater video provides continuous transects of seafloor data, which provide a more efficient method than data from sediment grabs, stationary cameras, or video from slow-moving remotely-operated vehicles while a ship is on station.

Author: Peter Harris
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123851408
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 947

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Annotation This book provides a synthesis of seabed geomorphology and benthic habitats based on the most recent, up-to-date information. Case studies from around the world are presented.

Author: Alison Copeland
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780494304570
Category : Benthos
Languages : en
Pages : 230

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Book Description
The objective of this thesis is to characterise and map the benthic habitats of Newman Sound, a fjord in Terra Nova National Park, eastern Newfoundland. A multibeam sonar system was used to collect bathymetric and acoustic backscatter data. As backscatter is a function of seafloor substrate, interpretations were made about the distribution of substrates, and these were tested by groundtruthing. Benthic sediments were collected using a Peterson grab and video images were collected with a tethered drop camera, SCUBA divers, and a remotely operated vehicle. A seismic sub-bottom profiler was also used. Nine substrates were identified, and each supported a distinct assemblage of invertebrates and algae, which were classified into eleven habitats. The distribution of substrates and habitats were mapped in a Geographic Information System (GIS). The results indicate that this methodology can effectively map fjord habitats and successfully identifies areas of conservation value.

Author: Paul Mather
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780203303566
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 358

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Book Description
Remote sensing is an integral part of geography, GIS and cartography, used by academics in the field and professionals in all sorts of occupations. The 1990s saw the development of a range of new methods of classifying remote sensing images and data, both optical imaging and microwave imaging. This comprehensive survey of the various techniques pul

Author: Alexandre Carmelo Gregory Schimel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Echo sounding
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Łukasz Janowski
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Book Description

Author: Peter Harris
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123851416
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 947

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Book Description
The conservation of marine benthic biodiversity is a recognised goal of a number of national and international programs such as the United Nations Convention on Biodiversity (CBD). In order to attain this goal, information is needed about the distribution of life in the ocean so that spatial conservation measures such as marine protected areas (MPAs) can be designed to maximise protection within boundaries of acceptable dimensions. Ideally, a map would be produced that showed the distribution of benthic biodiversity to enable the efficient design of MPAs. The dilemma is that such maps do not exist for most areas and it is not possible at present to predict the spatial distribution of all marine life using the sparse biological information currently available. Knowledge of the geomorphology and biogeography of the seafloor has improved markedly over the past 10 years. Using multibeam sonar, the benthic ecology of submarine features such as fjords, sand banks, coral reefs, seamounts, canyons, mud volcanoes and spreading ridges has been revealed in unprecedented detail. This book provides a synthesis of seabed geomorphology and benthic habitats based on the most recent, up-to-date information. Introductory chapters explain the drivers that underpin the need for benthic habitat maps, including threats to ocean health, the habitat mapping approach based on principles of biogeography and benthic ecology and seabed (geomorphic) classification schemes. Case studies from around the world are then presented. They represent a range of seabed features where detailed bathymetric maps have been combined with seabed video and sampling to yield an integrated picture of the benthic communities that are associated with different types of benthic habitat. The final chapter examines critical knowledge gaps and future directions for benthic habitat mapping research. - Reviews and compares the different methodologies currently being used - Includes global case studies - Provides geological expertise into what has traditionally been a biological discipline

Author: Theresa A. Smith
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Benthos
Languages : en
Pages : 127

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Book Description
"The primary focus of this bibliography is benthic habitat characterization using backscatter and bathymetric data from multibeam echo sounders, single-beam echo sounders, and side scan sonars. The coverage ranges from methods for acquiring and processing data, data extraction and synthesis from imagery, production and use of habitat maps for fishery management and other purposes, modeling species distributions using processed data, and some relevant theoretical treatments. The bibliography was compiled from extensive searches of online literature databases, as well as secondary reviews of literature cited in the selected references. The collection includes peer-reviewed articles, as well as state and Federal reports, conference papers, cruise reports, bulletins, and books. The abstracts and keywords for each reference were obtained from the original source whenever possible. If one or the other was not available for use, a brief summary and/or keywords were added. Links were only provided at the request of the publisher. Some papers were excluded due to lack of availability of copy right permissions"--Pages 1-2. [doi:10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-317 (http://dx.doi.org/10.7289/V5/TM-AFSC-317)]

Author: James A. Goodman
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9048192927
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 446

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Book Description
Remote sensing stands as the defining technology in our ability to monitor coral reefs, as well as their biophysical properties and associated processes, at regional to global scales. With overwhelming evidence that much of Earth’s reefs are in decline, our need for large-scale, repeatable assessments of reefs has never been so great. Fortunately, the last two decades have seen a rapid expansion in the ability for remote sensing to map and monitor the coral reef ecosystem, its overlying water column, and surrounding environment. Remote sensing is now a fundamental tool for the mapping, monitoring and management of coral reef ecosystems. Remote sensing offers repeatable, quantitative assessments of habitat and environmental characteristics over spatially extensive areas. As the multi-disciplinary field of coral reef remote sensing continues to mature, results demonstrate that the techniques and capabilities continue to improve. New developments allow reef assessments and mapping to be performed with higher accuracy, across greater spatial areas, and with greater temporal frequency. The increased level of information that remote sensing now makes available also allows more complex scientific questions to be addressed. As defined for this book, remote sensing includes the vast array of geospatial data collected from land, water, ship, airborne and satellite platforms. The book is organized by technology, including: visible and infrared sensing using photographic, multispectral and hyperspectral instruments; active sensing using light detection and ranging (LiDAR); acoustic sensing using ship, autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) and in-water platforms; and thermal and radar instruments. Emphasis and Audience This book serves multiple roles. It offers an overview of the current state-of-the-art technologies for reef mapping, provides detailed technical information for coral reef remote sensing specialists, imparts insight on the scientific questions that can be tackled using this technology, and also includes a foundation for those new to reef remote sensing. The individual sections of the book include introductory overviews of four main types of remotely sensed data used to study coral reefs, followed by specific examples demonstrating practical applications of the different technologies being discussed. Guidelines for selecting the most appropriate sensor for particular applications are provided, including an overview of how to utilize remote sensing data as an effective tool in science and management. The text is richly illustrated with examples of each sensing technology applied to a range of scientific, monitoring and management questions in reefs around the world. As such, the book is broadly accessible to a general audience, as well as students, managers, remote sensing specialists and anyone else working with coral reef ecosystems.