Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobile drivers Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
TRR no. 2010 includes 14 papers that explore the effect of the built environment on motorized and nonmotorized trip making, travel time information influence on network flow, multitasking and the value of travel time savings, revealed parking choices and the value of time, multimodality, process model of voluntary travel behavior modification, and behavioral impacts of the New Jersey Turnpike time-of-day pricing initiative. This issue of the TRR also examines modeling the timing of user responses to a new urban public transport service; automobiles, trips, and neighborhood type; impact of carpooling on trip-chaining behavior and emission reductions; willingness to pay for parking at suburban malls;impact of reduced parking standards on parking supply; telecommuting; and transportation and communications - substitutes, complements, or neither.
Author: Tali Sharot Publisher: Vintage ISBN: 0307379833 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 273
Book Description
Psychologists have long been aware that most people maintain an irrationally positive outlook on life—but why? Turns out, we might be hardwired that way. In this absorbing exploration, Tali Sharot—one of the most innovative neuroscientists at work today—demonstrates that optimism may be crucial to human existence. The Optimism Bias explores how the brain generates hope and what happens when it fails; how the brains of optimists and pessimists differ; why we are terrible at predicting what will make us happy; how emotions strengthen our ability to recollect; how anticipation and dread affect us; how our optimistic illusions affect our financial, professional, and emotional decisions; and more. Drawing on cutting-edge science, The Optimism Bias provides us with startling new insight into the workings of the brain and the major role that optimism plays in determining how we live our lives.
Author: Noriko Suzuki Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 100078679X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
This book provides a comparative study of people's mask-wearing behaviour in response to government policies between European-Northern America and Asian countries. Examining citizens' attitudes towards their state during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspectives of history, linguistics, politics, economics and sociology, the contributors in this volume explore to what extent people accept the wearing of masks in countries where governments have made it mandatory as compared to countries where people wear masks voluntarily. The book thus looks at mask-wearing from a political dichotomy between authoritarianism and liberalism and posits the extent to which political divisions could have existed in public opinion over the measures taken against COVID-19. Filled with invaluable insights through research in 13 countries, this book will appeal to readers in policy making and influencing public opinion via the Europe-Asia comparative study.
Author: Joe West Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield ISBN: 1498597815 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 287
Book Description
Few will doubt the importance of the role that communication technology played in American politics in 2020. The Factors and Behaviors Associated with Legislator Use of Communication Technology examines the various factors and behaviors associated with legislator use of communication technology. Offering both macro and micro level perspectives as well as quantitative and qualitative data analyses, a broad perspective of the role that communication technology plays in driving legislator behavior is provided. Building a theoretical structure, this book begins with an examination of how communication technology can destabilize the policymaking process and offers an overview of media and policy process theories, and legislator roles and the association of these roles with the use of communication technology. Moving to the micro level, the authors present quantitative and qualitative evidence associated with legislator behaviors associated with the use of communication technology including compromise behaviors and political ideological polarization, closing with an examination of the use of communication technology by legislators during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.
Author: Susan Clayton Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128131314 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 313
Book Description
Psychology and Climate Change: Human Perceptions, Impacts, and Responses organizes and summarizes recent psychological research that relates to the issue of climate change. The book covers topics such as how people perceive and respond to climate change, how people understand and communicate about the issue, how it impacts individuals and communities, particularly vulnerable communities, and how individuals and communities can best prepare for and mitigate negative climate change impacts. It addresses the topic at multiple scales, from individuals to close social networks and communities. Further, it considers the role of social diversity in shaping vulnerability and reactions to climate change. Psychology and Climate Change describes the implications of psychological processes such as perceptions and motivations (e.g., risk perception, motivated cognition, denial), emotional responses, group identities, mental health and well-being, sense of place, and behavior (mitigation and adaptation). The book strives to engage diverse stakeholders, from multiple disciplines in addition to psychology, and at every level of decision making - individual, community, national, and international, to understand the ways in which human capabilities and tendencies can and should shape policy and action to address the urgent and very real issue of climate change. - Examines the role of knowledge, norms, experience, and social context in climate change awareness and action - Considers the role of identity threat, identity-based motivation, and belonging - Presents a conceptual framework for classifying individual and household behavior - Develops a model to explain environmentally sustainable behavior - Draws on what we know about participation in collective action - Describes ways to improve the effectiveness of climate change communication efforts - Discusses the difference between acute climate change events and slowly-emerging changes on our mental health - Addresses psychological stress and injury related to global climate change from an intersectional justice perspective - Promotes individual and community resilience
Author: Ulrika Candolin Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191633267 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
Human-induced environmental change currently represents the single greatest threat to global biodiversity. Species are typically adapted to the local environmental conditions in which they have evolved. Changes in environmental conditions initially influence behaviour, which in turn affects species interactions, population dynamics, evolutionary processes and, ultimately, biodiversity. How animals respond to changed conditions, and how this influences population viability, is an area of growing research interest. Yet, despite the vital links between environmental change, behaviour, and population dynamics, surprisingly little has been done to bridge these areas of research. Behavioural Responses to a Changing World is the first book of its kind devoted to understanding behavioural responses to environmental change. The volume is comprehensive in scope, discussing impacts on both the mechanisms underlying behavioural processes, as well as the longer-term ecological and evolutionary consequences. Drawing on international experts from across the globe, the book covers topics as diverse as endocrine disruption, learning, reproduction, migration, species interactions, and evolutionary rescue.
Author: Cecil R. Reynolds Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119520010 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 942
Book Description
The only comprehensive reference devoted to special education The highly acclaimed Encyclopedia of Special Education addresses issues of importance ranging from theory to practice and is a critical reference for researchers as well as those working in the special education field. This completely updated and comprehensive A-Z reference includes about 200 new entries, with increased attention given to those topics that have grown in importance since the publication of the third edition, such as technology, service delivery policies, international issues, neuropsychology, and RTI. The latest editions of assessment instruments frequently administered in special education settings are discussed. Only encyclopedia or comprehensive reference devoted to special education Edited and written by leading researchers and scholars in the field New edition includes over 200 more entries than previous edition, with increased attention given to those topics that have grown in importance since the publication of the third edition—such as technology, service delivery policies, international issues, neuropsychology, and Response to Intervention, Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS), Autism and Applied Behavior Analysis Entries will be updated to cover the latest editions of the assessment instruments frequently administered in special education settings Includes an international list of authors and descriptions of special education in 35 countries Includes technology and legal updates to reflect a rapidly changing environment Comprehensive and thoroughly up to date, this is the essential, A-Z compilation of authoritative information on the education of those with special needs.
Author: Simon Dietz Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1136823980 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 275
Book Description
This book is the culmination of several years work by a group of academics, policy-makers and other professionals looking to understand how alternative economic thinking – and indeed thinking from quite different social-scientific disciplines – could enhance the mainstream economic approach to environmental and natural-resource problems. Of the editors, Dietz comes from the mainstream economics tradition, while Michie and Oughton draw explicitly on institutional and evolutionary economics. The various authors represent a range of disciplinary backgrounds and approaches. This book draws on the strengths of each and all of these approaches to analyse environmental issues and what can be done to tackle these through corporate and public policy. The book argues that the need for an inter-disciplinary approach. Two themes which emerge repeatedly throughout the book are the need for an interdisciplinary theory of technological change, and the need for a similarly interdisciplinary approach to the study of human behaviour and how it influences both production and consumption choices. The two themes are of course related. Resolving environmental questions requires an understanding of their nature, of their causes and, to the extent that they are anthropogenic, of how to change human behaviour. These fundamental issues are the focus of the four chapters that form Part 1 of this volume. The remainder of the volume develops them in more detail. .
Author: National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board
Author: Eldar Shafir
Author: Tali Sharot
Author: Noriko Suzuki
Author: Joe West
Author: Susan Clayton
Author: Ulrika Candolin
Author: Cecil R. Reynolds
Author: 
Author: Simon Dietz