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Author: Lynda H. Powell Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030393305 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
This is the first comprehensive guide to the design of behavioral randomized clinical trials (RCT) for chronic diseases. It includes the scientific foundations for behavioral trial methods, problems that have been encountered in past behavioral trials, advances in design that have evolved, and promising trends and opportunities for the future. The value of this book lies in its potential to foster an ability to “speak the language of medicine” through the conduct of high-quality behavioral clinical trials that match the rigor commonly seen in double-blind drug trials. It is relevant for testing any treatment aimed at improving a behavioral, social, psychosocial, environmental, or policy-level risk factor for a chronic disease including, for example, obesity, sedentary behavior, adherence to treatment, psychosocial stress, food deserts, and fragmented care. Outcomes of interest are those that are of clinical significance in the treatment of chronic diseases, including standard risk factors such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose, and clinical outcomes such as hospitalizations, functional limitations, excess morbidity, quality of life, and mortality. This link between behavior and chronic disease requires innovative clinical trial methods not only from the behavioral sciences but also from medicine, epidemiology, and biostatistics. This integration does not exist in any current book, or in any training program, in either the behavioral sciences or medicine.
Author: Lynda H. Powell Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030393305 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 324
Book Description
This is the first comprehensive guide to the design of behavioral randomized clinical trials (RCT) for chronic diseases. It includes the scientific foundations for behavioral trial methods, problems that have been encountered in past behavioral trials, advances in design that have evolved, and promising trends and opportunities for the future. The value of this book lies in its potential to foster an ability to “speak the language of medicine” through the conduct of high-quality behavioral clinical trials that match the rigor commonly seen in double-blind drug trials. It is relevant for testing any treatment aimed at improving a behavioral, social, psychosocial, environmental, or policy-level risk factor for a chronic disease including, for example, obesity, sedentary behavior, adherence to treatment, psychosocial stress, food deserts, and fragmented care. Outcomes of interest are those that are of clinical significance in the treatment of chronic diseases, including standard risk factors such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and glucose, and clinical outcomes such as hospitalizations, functional limitations, excess morbidity, quality of life, and mortality. This link between behavior and chronic disease requires innovative clinical trial methods not only from the behavioral sciences but also from medicine, epidemiology, and biostatistics. This integration does not exist in any current book, or in any training program, in either the behavioral sciences or medicine.
Author: Laura N. Gitlin, PhD Publisher: Springer Publishing Company ISBN: 0826126596 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 524
Book Description
“ I applaud [this] book for providing a much needed overview of the entire “behavioral intervention pipeline.” It fills a unique niche in its coverage of key theoretical and methodological aspects as well as its case examples and professional development considerations, which makes the content accessible and practical for a broad audience.” -Marcia Ory, PhD From the Foreword This unique text provides comprehensive coverage of one of the most neglected—yet vitally important--areas of public health research: developing, evaluating, and implementing novel behavioral interventions in service and practice settings. Written for Masters- and Doctoral-level courses as well as novice and expert researchers in this area, the book examines the most critical issues surrounding this form of research in order to maximize the ability of intervention researchers to successfully implement current and future evidence-based protocols in practice settings. Expert contributors embrace key challenges —the complexities of health care delivery, disease management and prevention, rising costs, and changing population demographics—in shaping the push toward advancing more efficient and effective behavioral interventions and methodologies. Tackling numerous topics that have been neglected in traditional randomized trial handbooks, methodology texts, and books on dissemination and implementation science, the book addresses: ways to develop and advance an intervention, emerging hybrid trial designs - theories and new models for integrating behavioral interventions with implementation science - - recruitment and retention strategies for inclusion of diverse samples - research designs for different stages of intervention development - treatment fidelity models and measures - novel measurement and analytic strategies - cost analyses - selection of control groups - use of mixed methodology - ethics and informed consent - technology-based intervention approaches – professional considerations. Abundant case examples from successful behavioral intervention trials—both national and international--illustrate key concepts. Key Features: Includes examples of a wide range of interventions including individuals across the life span and of diverse communities and health systems Replete with case examples from successful behavioral intervention trials Presents the challenges of and strategies for advancing behavioral interventions for immediate use in practice Written by world-recognized expert authors and contributors Provides novel coverage of a great variety of important—but previously neglected--topics
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309132916 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 507
Book Description
At the dawn of the twenty-first century, Americans enjoyed better overall health than at any other time in the nation's history. Rapid advancements in medical technologies, breakthroughs in understanding the genetic underpinnings of health and ill health, improvements in the effectiveness and variety of pharmaceuticals, and other developments in biomedical research have helped develop cures for many illnesses and improve the lives of those with chronic diseases. By itself, however, biomedical research cannot address the most significant challenges to improving public health. Approximately half of all causes of mortality in the United States are linked to social and behavioral factors such as smoking, diet, alcohol use, sedentary lifestyle, and accidents. Yet less than five percent of the money spent annually on U.S. health care is devoted to reducing the risks of these preventable conditions. Behavioral and social interventions offer great promise, but as yet their potential has been relatively poorly tapped. Promoting Health identifies those promising areas of social science and behavioral research that may address public health needs. It includes 12 papersâ€"commissioned from some of the nation's leading expertsâ€"that review these issues in detail, and serves to assess whether the knowledge base of social and behavioral interventions has been useful, or could be useful, in the development of broader public health interventions.
Author: Stephen N. Haynes Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1136813489 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 285
Book Description
Scientific Foundations of Clinical Assessment is a user-friendly overview of the most important principles and concepts of clinical assessment. It provides readers with a science-based framework for interpreting assessment research and making good assessment decisions, such as selecting the best instruments and measures and interpreting the obtained assessment data. Written in a direct and highly readable fashion, with plenty of clinical examples that illustrate the relevance of psychometric principles and assessment research, this text is one every professional and graduate student needs to read. Numerous elements are used consistently throughout the book to facilitate understanding and retention, such as: • text boxes that provide extended presentations of the application of principles and research • end-of-chapter summaries that review key issues covered, and • additional recommended sources for each chapter. A detailed glossary that defines key measurement and assessment concepts is also included, making this book an invaluable reference and supplementary text for anyone who does clinical assessment in the health and mental health domains.
Author: Peter A. Hall Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461468523 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 319
Book Description
The field of public health is primarily concerned with understanding and improving physical health from a large group perspective (i.e., communities and whole populations). The field of social neuroscience, on the other hand, is primarily concerned with examining brain-behavior relationships that unfold in a social context. Both of these are rapidly developing fields of inquiry, and their boundaries have only recently begun to overlap. This book discusses collaborative research findings at the intersection of social neuroscience and public health that promise to fundamentally change the way scientists, public health practitioners, and the general public view physical health within the larger social context. Eighteen chapters are organized under the following major sections: cognition and health outcomes; neuroscientific aspects of health communication; health behavior and the neurobiology of self-regulation; neurobiological processes in health decision making; ecological and social context; neuroscience methods; and future directions.
Author: Lakshmi N. Yatham Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119956226 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 528
Book Description
Bipolar Disorder Bipolar disorder is the most complex psychiatric disorder with different types of mood episodes, subtypes, varied course, and significant comorbidity. Not surprisingly, this complexity poses unique challenges to clinicians for optimal management of those with bipolar disorder. There has been an explosion of research into the causes and treatment of this condition over the past two decades. It is a daunting task for a practising clinician to make sense of this research and to remain up to date with progress in the understanding of the neurobiology and treatment of bipolar disorder. This book synthesizes and translates the vast array of research knowledge into information that is both relevant and meaningful for a clinician. The book provides a comprehensive, yet focused, reference work on bipolar disorder for both trainees and practising psychiatrists. The two editors are leaders in the field who have published extensively on bipolar disorder. They have assembled a team of experts from around the world: in many instances, chapters are co-authored by people from different continents, bringing a truly international perspective to this important topic. The book covers the basic science of the pathology underlying bipolar disorder but addresses the clinical aspects of the disease throughout. The book comprises four sections: Descriptive Aspects–issues ranging from how the concept of bipolar disorder has evolved over the years to new information about neurocognitive impairment, creativity and economic productivity, and to discussion of the deliberations of the DSM-V committee on changes in diagnostic categories and criteria. Biological Aspects–the contribution of genes to this disorder, changes in circadian rhythms, what we know about brain changes and the role of oxidative stress. Management–all the latest information about pharmacological and other somatic treatments plus psychological therapies for the optimal management of this condition. Special Populations–detailed descriptions of bipolar disorder in women, children and the elderly. If you want to provide state-of-the-art care to your bipolar patients, be sure to consult this authoritative reference.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309316324 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
Data sharing can accelerate new discoveries by avoiding duplicative trials, stimulating new ideas for research, and enabling the maximal scientific knowledge and benefits to be gained from the efforts of clinical trial participants and investigators. At the same time, sharing clinical trial data presents risks, burdens, and challenges. These include the need to protect the privacy and honor the consent of clinical trial participants; safeguard the legitimate economic interests of sponsors; and guard against invalid secondary analyses, which could undermine trust in clinical trials or otherwise harm public health. Sharing Clinical Trial Data presents activities and strategies for the responsible sharing of clinical trial data. With the goal of increasing scientific knowledge to lead to better therapies for patients, this book identifies guiding principles and makes recommendations to maximize the benefits and minimize risks. This report offers guidance on the types of clinical trial data available at different points in the process, the points in the process at which each type of data should be shared, methods for sharing data, what groups should have access to data, and future knowledge and infrastructure needs. Responsible sharing of clinical trial data will allow other investigators to replicate published findings and carry out additional analyses, strengthen the evidence base for regulatory and clinical decisions, and increase the scientific knowledge gained from investments by the funders of clinical trials. The recommendations of Sharing Clinical Trial Data will be useful both now and well into the future as improved sharing of data leads to a stronger evidence base for treatment. This book will be of interest to stakeholders across the spectrum of research-from funders, to researchers, to journals, to physicians, and ultimately, to patients.
Author: Lynda H. Powell
Author: Lynda H. Powell
Author: Lynda H. Powell
Author: Susan J. Blumenthal
Author: Laura N. Gitlin, PhD
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Joel E. Dimsdale
Author: Stephen N. Haynes
Author: Peter A. Hall
Author: Lakshmi N. Yatham
Author: Institute of Medicine