Beef Steer Performance as Affected by Endophyte-infected Tall Fescue PDF Download

Author: Trevyr Reyn Bedingfield
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 96

View

Book Description

Author: Jamie Hawley
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 206

View

Book Description

Author: Craig Arthur Roberts
Publisher: ASA-CSSA-SSSA
ISBN: 9780891181774
Category : Electronic books
Languages : en
Pages : 20

View

Book Description

Author: Craig A. Roberts
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0891186379
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 32

View

Book Description
Fescue toxicosis continues to be one of the most devastating problems in forage–livestock agriculture. Because there is presently no cure, using the most up-to-date management and prevention approaches are crucial. The 2nd edition of this important guide presents an easy-to-understand description of this complex problem, along with recommendations that are practical for real farm use.

Author: Henry A. Fribourg
Publisher: ASA-CSSA-SSSA
ISBN: 9780891181729
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 574

View

Book Description
"Book and Multimedia Publishing Committee; David Baltensperger, chair ... [et al.]."

Author: Brandon Jermaine McClenton
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 98

View

Book Description
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding endophyte-infected tall fescue seed to Angus steers on average daily gain, carcass characteristics, ergovaline concentration, lipid oxidation, hepatic enzyme activity, metmyoglobin reductase activity, and mitochondrial lipid composition. Animals were blocked into light, medium, and heavy body weight groups and were randomly assigned to either a KY31 seed treatment (6796 ppb ergovaline; 20 μg/kg BW; E+; n = 6) or a KY32 control ( 100 ppb; E-; n = 6). There was a 2- way treatment × time interaction effect on ADG (P

Author: Holli Ann Kuykendall
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 292

View

Book Description

Author: Autumn Nicole Stewart
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 0

View

Book Description
Tall fescue, Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh., is the predominate pasture grass in the mid-south region of the United States. The most dominant cultivar of tall fescue in the region is Kentucky-31. Kentucky-31 is infected with an endophytic fungus Neotyphodium coenophialum (Morgan-Jones and Gams), which is responsible for the cultivar's drought tolerance, persistence under stressful conditions, and adaptation to multiple soil types. However, the endophyte is also responsible for producing toxic alkaloids that cause tall fescue toxicosis. Symptoms of fescue toxicosis are retention of winter hair coat, elevated body temperature, increased respiratory rate, reduced average daily gain (ADG), lower serum prolactin levels, and reduced reproductive performance. Four approaches proposed to reduce or eliminate tall fescue toxicosis are to use endophyte-free cultivars, dilute the toxins, dietary supplementation, or switch to novel endophyte cultivars. In this study, Jesup MaxQ, a novel endophyte-infected tall fescue, was investigated at two stocking rates at Blount Livestock Unit of the East Tennessee Research and Education Center. Tall fescue was renovated with white clovers to evaluate the persistence of the clover cultivars and to investigate the interactions of clovers with Kentucky-31 and Jesup MaxQ. Both fescue cultivars were grazed at different stocking rates to provide information needed by beef producers desiring to optimize animal performance. In addition, animal performance was measured for beef steers grazing tall fescue cultivars with and without toxic endophytes. Differences in stocking rate were not found in this study. Patriot clover was more persistent that Regal clover in Ky-31 E+ tall fescue. Animal performance was similar when steers grazed Jesup MaxQ and endophyte-free tall fescue and superior to those grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue. Steers grazing E+ tall fescue exhibited the typical performance, hair scores, and prolactin levels found when cattle are experiencing tall fescue toxicosis.

Author: Brian Thomas Campbell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Beef cattle
Languages : en
Pages : 125

View

Book Description
The overall goal of the studies described in this dissertation was to improve beef production of cows grazing endophyte infected tall fescue either through management practices or through identifying markers for genetic selection. Experiment 1 investigated differences in spring and fall calving herds grazing endophyte infected tall fescue. This study determined that managing for a fall calving beef herd is the more productive and efficient system. This is due to increased reproductive efficiency as well as traditionally greater market prices at the time of weaning. A spring calving system will have faster growing calves, but the increased weight of the calves is not enough to offset the added value of more calves produced in the fall calving herd. Experiment 2 was a study to validate a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) as a potential genetic marker found on the DRD2 gene. Steers with an AA genotype at this SNP have been shown to have greater prolactin levels and this study indicated that cows which have the AA genotype will have their first calf an average of 23 days earlier than cows with the GG genotype. Also when allelic frequency was examined it was shown that spring calving cows had a shift in allelic frequency away from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium towards the A allele. Experiment 3 used a genome wide association study (GWAS) to confirm the presence of other SNPs that may be used as markers for resistance to tall fescue toxicosis in beef cattle. Twenty four SNPs were identified with nine SNPs associated with birth weight and 15 associated with weaning weight. Some of the SNPs are found within genes associated with production and carcass traits such as average daily gain, acid detergent fiber intake, marbling, and fat thickness. The results of this study are very promising but more research needs to be completed. The SNPs that have been identified need to be validated.

Author: Monte Rouquette Jr.
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128144750
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 364

View

Book Description
Management Strategies for Sustainable Cattle Production in Southern Pastures is a practical resource for scientists, students, and stakeholders who want to understand the relationships between soil-plant interactions and pasture management strategies, and the resultant performance of cow-calf and stocker cattle. This book illustrates the importance of matching cattle breed types and plant hardiness zones to optimize cattle production from forages and pastures. It explains the biologic and economic implications of grazing management decisions made to improve sustainability of pastures and cattle production while being compliant with present and future environmental concerns and cattle welfare programs. - Documents the effects of cattle grazing on greenhouse gas emissions and carbon footprints - Discusses strategies to enhance soil fertility, soil health, and nutrient cycling in pastures - Provides information on the use of stocking rates, stocking strategies and grazing systems to optimize cow-calf production of weaned calves and stockers. - Presents innovations in cattle supplementation and watering systems to minimize negative impacts on water and soil health - Includes methods for weed control to maintain pasture condition and ecosystem stability - Describes management strategies to integrate cattle operations with wildlife sustainability