Balancing the gender gap in the media PDF Download

Author: Precious Kabungo Mumbi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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Author: Mannila, Saga
Publisher: Nordic Council of Ministers
ISBN: 9289349735
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 81

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Book Description
The media carry significant notions of social and cultural norms and values and have a powerful role in constructing and reinforcing gendered images. The news in particular has an important role in how notions of power are distributed in the society. This report presents study findings on how women and men are represented in the news in the Nordic countries, and to what extent women and men occupy the decision-making positions in the media. The survey is based on the recent findings from three cross-national research projects. These findings are supported by national studies. The results indicate that in all the Nordic countries women are underrepresented in the news media both as news subjects and as sources of information. Men also dominate in higher-level decision-making positions. The report includes examples of measures used to improve the gender balance in Nordic news.

Author: UNESCO
Publisher: UNESCO
ISBN: 9230011010
Category : Mass media and women
Languages : en
Pages : 185

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Author: Katherine Rowland
Publisher: Seal Press
ISBN: 1580058345
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 297

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Book Description
American culture is more sexually liberal than ever. But compared to men, women's sexual pleasure has not grown: Up to 40 percent of American women experience the sexual malaise clinically known as low sexual desire. Between this low desire, muted pleasure, and experiencing sex in terms of labor rather than of lust, women by the millions are dissatisfied with their erotic lives. For too long, this deficit has been explained in terms of women's biology, stress, and age. In The Pleasure Gap, Katherine Rowland rejects the idea that women should settle for diminished pleasure; instead, she argues women should take inequality in the bedroom as seriously as we take it in the workplace and understand its causes and effects. Drawing on extensive research and interviews with more than one hundred women and dozens of sexual health professionals, Rowland shows that the pleasure gap is neither medical malady nor psychological condition but rather a result of our culture's troubled relationship with women's sexual expression. This provocative exploration of modern sexuality makes a case for closing the gap for good.

Author: Paula Poindexter
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135595712
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 477

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Book Description
This multi-authored scholarly volume explores the divide between men and women in their consumption of news media, looking at how the sexes read and use news, historically and currently, how they use technology to access their news, and how today’s news pertains to and is used by women. The volume also addresses diversity issues among women’s use of news, considering racial, ethnic, international and feminist perspectives. The volume is intended to help readers understand adult news use behavior--a critical and timely issue considering the state of newspapers and television news in today’s multi-media news environment.

Author: Karen Ross
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 131748469X
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 284

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Book Description
This edited collection draws on and expands the findings from a pan-European research project undertaken during 2012-13 which was funded by the European Institute for Gender Equality and aimed to explore three key issues in relation to gender and media: women’s inclusion in decision-making positions within media industries; how women are represented in the media; and what policies and mechanisms are in place to support women’s career development and promote gender equality. The research looked at 99 major media organisations across the EU including public and private sector broadcasters (TV and radio) as well as a number of major newspaper groups. Researchers also monitored TV programmes (factual only but including entertainment genres) across one week and coded 1200 hours of TV. In addition to elaborating the results from 16 of the participating nations, the collection includes a set of context-setting essays and a summarizing conclusion as well as a reflection on the purpose and utility of gender indicators. It is the first major work to look across the European media landscape and explore both employment and representation, providing a unique glimpse into the contemporary media scene in relation to gender equality, including examples of good and less good practice.

Author: Colette Guillopé
Publisher:
ISBN: 9783000655333
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 244

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Book Description
This book reports on a three-year project (2017-2019) funded by the International Science Council and involving eleven scientific partner organizations. The main goal of the project was to investigate the gender gap in STEM disciplines from different angles, globally and across disciplines. We have performed (i) a global survey of scientists with more than 32,000 responses; (ii) an investigation of the effect of gender in millions of scientific publications; and (iii) the compilation of best-practice initiatives that address the gender gap in Mathematical, Computing, and Natural Sciences at various levels. We conclude that the gender gap is very real in science and mathematics. We present methodologies, insights, and tools that have been developed throughout the project, as well as a set of recommendations for different audiences: instructors and parents; educational institutions; scientific unions and other organizations responsible for science policy.

Author: Gail Baitinger
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781369148411
Category : Attribution of news
Languages : en
Pages : 118

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Book Description
Why are women still a minority of sources in American political news? Do gender stereotypes influence which issues men and women discuss as media sources? Although the political environment has become increasingly favorable to women in recent years -- female candidates for office are just as likely as their male counterparts to be elected and gender stereotyping of candidates by voters is waning -- these questions remain relevant to our understanding of representation in American politics. As women increase their presence in political occupations, it is important that they are given the same opportunities as men to influence the policy agenda and garner the authority and publicity that comes with media appearances. But much of the current research indicates that women and men do not receive equal treatment in the news, and the prevailing view attributes gender differences to stereotyping and bias against women. The three essays in this dissertation use original data sets to determine whether certain characteristics explain why women remain a small percentage of news sources. Across the board, I find little support for bias and stereotyping as explanations for women's under-representation in the media. Women's minority presence in the news is well established, but its origins are unknown. In the first essay of this dissertation, I investigate two competing hypotheses for the difference in the numeric representation of men and women in the media. The conventional wisdom suggests that bias against women leads to men being selected as news sources more frequently than women. But journalists tend to adhere to long-held norms when choosing sources for a news story; they rely on official sources with expertise in specific issue areas, and who provide credibility and balance to the news. Due to women's minority presence in elective office, and especially in leadership positions, men greatly outnumber women in the pool of potential official sources. Thus, in this essay, I determine whether demand (sexism) or supply (journalistic norms) explain why so few women appear as news sources. I employ an original data set of more than 4,200 appearances by elected officials and non-elected political actors on the Sunday morning talk shows. The findings confirm that women of seven different political professions are less likely than men to appear as sources. But the regression results also show that the gender gap does not result from overt bias. Rather, the characteristics that contribute to repeated appearances on Sunday morning are consistent with journalistic norms to find the most newsworthy sources. Because there are few women in the positions and professions from which most sources are selected, though, these norms also perpetuate a gendered news environment. The numeric under-representation of women in television news is established and explained in the first essay, so the second chapter turns to the content of men and women's appearances as sources in the news. A wide body of research finds that women and men receive political media coverage that highlights their expertise in different, and often stereotypical, issue areas. Most of this literature, however, examines print media coverage during campaigns only. And considering the presence of women in today's political arena is not the novelty it was in previous decades when few women had political careers, it is time to reexamine the prevailing view. The interview format of the Sunday morning news programs provides an excellent opportunity to study the issues discussed by men and women in the media, as well as the manner in which they talk about them. With an original data set of the comments made by guests on the Sunday shows throughout more than 2,500 appearances, I find that men and women tend to discuss the same issues as news sources. Female guests make more liberal statements than men, though this slant is influenced more by the guest's party affiliation than sex. These results suggest that men and women are equally situated to set the agenda on a variety of political topics, but men dominate the discussions because they appear on the programs more often. In the final essay, I turn to the print media to determine whether the findings from the first two essays apply to another medium. Individual journalists have more discretion over source selection in the print media than in television news. Previous research shows that -- similar to television news -- women are less likely than men to be quoted as sources in the print media. In addition, male and female sources tend to be quoted in articles about gender stereotypical issues; men are quoted in articles about the economy and crime, while quotes from women appear frequently in lifestyle stories. Since national newspapers are influential in setting the political agenda and influencing other news outlets, establishing an explanation for these gender differences is important for descriptive and substantive representation. I use an original data set of quotes from members of Congress in a national newspaper, USA Today, to explain why so few women appear in the print media. The findings from this analysis show that journalistic norms contribute to the minority presence of female sources in the prestige press. Journalists rely on sources with high-profile careers and expertise in issue areas that lend newsworthiness to their stories. There are no gender differences in the topics men and women discuss in the news, though. Since female sources are greatly outnumbered by men in the media, however, men have more opportunities to set the agenda on all important issue areas. These three essays show that women's under-representation in the political news is not due to overt sexism or stereotyping. Instead, journalistic norms routinely lead reporters to select sources from positions in which women are under-represented. Together, these findings suggest that women's presence in the media will improve only as women increase their presence in high-level political roles.

Author: Carolyn M. Byerly
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 1137273240
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 683

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Book Description
Now in paperback for the first time, the Handbook is an academic adaptation of information contained in the Global Report on the Status of Women in News Media, a study commissioned by the International Women's Media Foundation. The book's editor was the principal investigator of the original study. This text draws together the most robust data from that original study, presenting it in 29 chapters on individual nations and three additional theoretical chapters. The book is the most expansive effort to date to consider women's standing in the journalism profession across the world. Contents organize nations in relation to their progress within newsrooms, with those most advanced in gender equality representing diversity in terms of region and national development. Contributing authors are, in most cases, the original researchers for their respective nations in the Global Report study.

Author: Margaret O'Brien
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319429701
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273

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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book portrays men’s experiences of home alone leave and how it affects their lives and family gender roles in different policy contexts and explores how this unique parental leave design is implemented in these contrasting policy regimes. The book brings together three major theoretical strands: social policy, in particular the literature on comparative leave policy developments; family and gender studies, in particular the analysis of gendered divisions of work and care and recent shifts in parenting and work-family balance; critical studies of men and masculinities, with a specific focus on fathers and fathering in contemporary western societies and life-courses. Drawing on empirical data from in-depth interviews with fathers across eleven countries, the book shows that the experiences and social processes associated with fathers’ home alone leave involve a diversity of trends, revealing both innovations and absence of change, including pluralization as well as the constraining influence of policy, gender, and social context. As a theoretical and empirical book it raises important issues on modernization of the life course and the family in contemporary societies. The book will be of particular interest to scholars in comparing western societies and welfare states as well as to scholars seeking to understand changing work-life policies and family life in societies with different social and historical pathways.