Attributional Style and Life Stress as Longitudinal Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescence PDF Download

Author: David Scott Bennett
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 452

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Author: Dante Cicchetti
Publisher: University Rochester Press
ISBN: 9781878822161
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 428

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This volume focuses on one of the most prevalent and devastating psychiatric disorders, depression. The contributors apply a developmental analysis to the etiology, course, and sequelae of depression across the lifespan. The effects of depression on multiple domains of functioning, including socio-emotional, social cognitive, and psychobiological, are explored. In addition to the impact of the disorder on the depressed individual, its role on the developmental process in offspring of depressed parents and for families having a depressed member are examined and reviewed. Contributors: BARRY NURCOMBE, PAUL F. COLLINS, RICHARD A. DEPUE, JEFFREY F. COHN, SUSAN B. CAMPBELL, KARLEN LYONS-RUTH, PAMELA M. COLE, CAROLYN ZAHN-WAXLER, JAMES C. COYNE, GERALDINE DOWNEY, JULIE BOERGER, CONSTANCE HAMMEN, E. MARK CUMMINGS, PATRICK R. DAVIES, DONNA T. ROSE, LYN Y. ABRAMSON, JULES R. BEMPORAD and STEVEN J. ROMANO.

Author: Joy G. Schulterbrandt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Child psychiatry
Languages : en
Pages : 188

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Author: Michalle Wright
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Depression in adolescence
Languages : en
Pages :

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Abstract : Depressive symptoms in school-aged children destabilise friendships and create significant family disruption and anguish (Angold, Messer, Stangl, Farmer, Costello et al., 1998; Clarke, DeBar, & Lewinsohn, 2003). They are related to increased risk of drug use and suicide (Gould et al., 1998; Rohde, Lewinsohn, & Seeley, 1991) and other psychiatric disorders (Angold & Costello, 1993). Furthermore, depression is the third most common cause of death in the adolescent population (Arias, MacDorman, Strobino, & Guyer, 2003). There are many theories of depression. The Contingency-Competence-Control Model (CCC Model; Weisz & Stipek, 1982) incorporates many aspects of the most well known theories and has been supported as relevant in predicting depressive symptoms (Weisz, Southam-Gerow, & McCarty, 2001). However, there have been few investigations of the CCC Model to date. A primary aim of this thesis was to extend and test the CCC Model both cross-sectionally and longitudinally as it applies to adolescent depressive symptoms. Other constructs shown to predict depression and depressive symptoms were included to provide a more rigorous examination of the CCC Model. These variables included gender, negative life events, daily hassles, and coping style. First, all variables were tested as predictors of depression, and second, as predictors of anxiety and life satisfaction, to test whether it predicted other domains of well-being. These aims were met over two interrelated studies, with Study 2 having two parts (cross-sectional and longitudinal). Study 1 involved the development of the Brief Adolescent Daily Hassles Scale (Wright, Creed, & Zimmer-Gembeck, 2010). Three phases led to the development and initial validation of a brief daily hassles scale that could be used with adolescents. Phase 1 drew on hassles identified in existing scales, hassles from the literature, a focus group with adolescents, and expert feedback to generate 69 daily hassle items. In Phase 2, the items were administered to a sample of 212 adolescents. Item and exploratory factor analysis were used to reduce the number of items to 14, which represented two homogenous and internally reliable subscales of parent hassles and friend/other hassles. In Phase 3, the scale was administered to a second sample of 236 adolescents. The initial structure was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. Testing the correlation between factor scores and measures of depression, anxiety and life satisfaction supported the measure's construct validity. The purpose of Study 2 was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships among the variables of interest. Adolescent students were surveyed at Time 1 for Study 2A. This sample consisted of 437 students: 240 girls (54.9%) and 197 boys aged 14 to 18 years. Participants completed measures of perceived competence, contingency, control and unknown control, number of negative life events experienced, frequency of daily parent and friend/other hassles and coping style, as well as measures of depression, anxiety and life satisfaction. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed that the CCC Model accounted for 56% of the variance in depressive symptoms. The only CCC Model variables to significantly contribute to depression were perceived competence and control. Unknown control also predicted depressive symptoms. Daily hassles were more important in predicting depressive symptoms than negative life events, which did not significantly predict depressive symptoms. Significant gender differences and mediational pathways were uncovered and are discussed. Overall, the model accounted for more variance in depressive symptoms than anxiety and overall life satisfaction. In Study 2B, 166 students, 100 girls (60.2%) and 66 boys, were re-administered the same survey at Time 2, three months after the Time 1 administration. First, the cross-sectional analyses were replicated using the Time 2 data. Results showed that several variables were reliably associated with depressive symptoms, anxiety and life satisfaction at Time 1 and Time 2. The data were then analysed using three longitudinal models (basic, change-in-outcome and change-change), providing a comprehensive examination of the model over time. Time 1 psychological well-being was the strongest predictor of Time 2 well-being across all three outcome variables. Gender, daily hassles with friends and others, and non-productive coping were the most robust predictors of depressive symptoms. Hassles with parents and perceived competence predicted depressive symptoms three months later, and perceived contingency predicted changes in depressive symptoms from Time 1 to Time 2. The model was not well supported in predicting anxiety and life satisfaction longitudinally. The CCC Model was only partially supported in predicting depressive symptoms in the context of other important variables. Coping style, daily hassles, and gender were the most important predictors of depressive symptoms. Perceptions of unknown control added to our understanding of adolescent depressive symptoms and may provide a useful addition to the CCC Model. Control-related perceptions partially mediated the relationship between daily hassles and depressive symptoms. The variables under investigation were stronger predictors of depressive symptoms than anxiety and life satisfaction. The theoretical and practical implications of the research are discussed.

Author: Nicole Lynn Moody
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 380

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Research has documented the age of first onset of depression is commonly in adolescence and young adulthood and that prepubertal onsets are occurring at an increasing rate. Thus, targeting interventions prior to this period of increased risk would maximize the opportunity to reduce the incidence of depression. To date, however, the limited research that has been done on protective factors has lacked some consensus and generalizability. This study focused on investigating potential individual and family protective factors and their roles in the development of depressive symptoms in early adolescent girls. More specifically, optimism was investigated as a possible mediator of the relationship between attributional style and depression. Furthermore, attributional style and family environment were hypothesized to moderate the effect of stress on depressive symptomatology. The participants of this study were 120 girls that were part of a school based cognitive behavioral group treatment study for girls with depression aged 9-14. Based on the ratings of symptoms by the girls and their caregivers, on a semi-structured diagnostic interview, two groups were identified: 1) girls that met the diagnostic criteria for a depressive disorder (n= 81), and 2) those that did not (control group; n= 39). Both samples also completed self-report measures of attributional style and family environment (i.e., cohesion, communication, and sociability), in addition to a projective measure which was coded for dispositional optimism. The results of this study suggested higher levels of optimism and more positive attributional styles independently predicted lower levels of depressive symptom severity; however, optimism did not impact the relationship between attributional style and depression. The results also demonstrated that girls who reported their families engage in more social/recreational activities had lower levels of depressive symptoms. Finally, increased life stress was not associated with increased levels of depression. The study's limitations, implications of the results, and recommendations for future research were discussed.

Author: C. R. Snyder
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 792

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Psychotherapeutic change in perspective : A Changing History of Efforts to Understand and Control Change: The Case of Psychotherapy (M. Mahoney) / - Effectiveness of psychotherapeutic change : Randomized Clinical Trials in Psychotherapy Research: Methodology, Design, and Evaluation / D. Haaga & W. Stiles / - Empirically Supported Treatments: A Critical Analysis / R. Ingram, et al. / - Components of psychotherapeutic change : Therapist Variables / E. Teyber & F. McClure / - Stalking the Elusive Client Variable in Psychotherapy Research / N. Petry, et al. / - Change at Differing Stages / J. Prochaska / - Hope Theory: Updating a Common Process for Psychological Change / C. Snyder, et al. / - The Long and Short of Psychological Change: Toward a Goal-Centered Understanding of Treatment Durability and Adaptive Success / P. Karoly & C. Anderson / - Enhancing Perceived Control in Psychotherapy / S. Thompson & M. Wierson / - Psychotherapeutic approaches : Psychodynamic Approaches to Psycho ...

Author: Rick E. Ingram
Publisher: Guilford Press
ISBN: 9781572303041
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 330

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Recurrence of depressive episodes is not uncommon, even after successful treatment. What makes some people more vulnerable than others to this devastating disorder? Do depressive individuals have characteristic thinking and reasoning styles? By what means can cognitive antecedents to affective disorders be identified at different stages in the lifespan, and how can the risks they represent be mitigated? An important resource for anyone who seeks to understand or treat depression, this volume synthesizes the most current research and theory on cognitive vulnerability. Covering methodological, theoretical, and empirical issues, the authors review cognitive theories of depression; explicate and assess the vulnerability approach to psychopathology; and formulate an integrative view of the key proximal and distal antecedents of depression in adults.

Author: Benjamin L. Hankin
Publisher: SAGE
ISBN: 1452236577
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 521

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"..a blending of two important approaches to understanding psychopathology- the developmental approach and the vulnerability approach. I think a book like this is timely, is needed, and would be of interest to professors who teach courses in psychopathology at the advanced undergraduate and graduate levels." — Robin Lewis, Old Dominion University "Bringing together developmental psychopathology frameworks and the vulnerability-stress models of psychological disorders is an excellent idea. I am aware of no other book that incorporates these two approaches. Having taught Psychopathology courses for both master′s and doctoral students, I reviewed many books to recommend and use in the courses. It is my belief that a book of this type is needed particularly for graduate students." —Linda Guthrie, Tennessee State University Edited by Benjamin L. Hankin and John R. Z. Abela, Development of Psychopathology: A Vulnerability-Stress Perspective brings together the foremost experts conducting groundbreaking research into the major factors shaping psychopathological disorders across the lifespan in order to review and integrate the theoretical and empirical literature in this field. The volume editors build upon two important and established research and clinical traditions: developmental psychopathology frameworks and vulnerability-stress models of psychological disorders. In the past two decades, each of these separate approaches has blossomed. However, despite the scientific progress each has achieved individually, no forum previously brought these traditions together in the unified way accomplished in this book. Key Features: Consists of three-part text that systematically integrates vulnerability-stress models of psychopathology with a developmental psychopathological approach. Brings together leading experts in the field of vulnerability, stress, specific vulnerabilities to psychological disorders, psychopathological disorders, and clinical interventions. Takes a cross-theoretical, integrative approach presenting cutting-edge theory and research at a sophisticated level. Development of Psychopathology will be a valuable resource for upper-division undergraduate and graduate students in clinical psychology, as well as for researchers, doctoral students, clinicians, and instructors in the areas of developmental psychopathology, clinical psychology, experimental psychopathology, psychiatry, counseling psychology, and school psychology.

Author: Micah Ioffe
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781321814248
Category : Clinical psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 134

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Book Description
Adolescents experience multiple transitions during early adolescence and are likely to experience stressors, which increases their risk for poor mental health outcomes. Research has established positive associations between stressful events and psychological symptoms in early adolescence. It is important to consider factors that may strengthen or weaken the impact of these stressors. Extant literature suggests that a pessimistic attributional style (PAS) can increase vulnerability to depression in the presence of stressful events; yet less research has confirmed these links with anxiety. Conversely, some research has found that open communication (OC) with parents is negatively associated with adolescents' stress, and therefore may help adolescents perceive events less negatively and experience fewer symptoms. Additionally, the associations between OC and parental warmth were examined. Thus, it was hypothesized that a PAS may serve as a risk factor, whereas OC with parents may serve as a protective factor for early adolescents' development of anxious and depressive symptoms in the context of experiencing stressful events.

Author: Robert J. DeRubeis
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0199973962
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 537

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Book Description
The most comprehensive volume of its kind, The Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders provides detailed coverage of the characterization, understanding, and treatment of mood disorders. Chapters are written by the world's leading experts in their respective areas. The Handbook provides coverage of unipolar depression, bipolar disorder, and variants of these disorders. Current approaches to classifying the mood disorders are reviewed and contemporary controversies are placed in historical context. Chapter authors offer a variety of approaches to understanding the heterogeneity of the experiences of those who meet criteria for mood disorders, both within and across cultures. The role of genetic and environmental risk factors as well as premorbid personality and cognitive processes in the development of mood pathology are detailed. Interpersonal, neurobiological, and psychological factors also receive detailed consideration. The volume reviews mood disorders in special populations (e.g., postpartum and seasonal mood disorders) as well as common comorbidities (e.g., anxiety, substance use disorders). Somatic and psychosocial treatment approaches receive in-depth coverage with chapters that describe and review empirical evidence regarding each of the most influential treatment approaches. The depth and breadth offered by this Handbook make it an invaluable resource for clinicians and researchers, as well as scholars and students.