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Author: Govinda R. Timilsina Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : CO2 Languages : en Pages : 37
Book Description
This study analyzes CO, emissions reduction targets for various countries and geopolitical regions by the year 2030 to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 450ppm (550ppm including non-CO2, greenhouse gases) level. It also determines CO2 intensity cuts that would be required in those countries and regions if the emission reductions were to be achieved through intensity-based targets without curtailing their expected economic growth. Considering that the stabilization of CO, concentrations at 450ppm requires the global trend of CO2 emissions to be reversed before 2030, this study develops two scenarios: reversing the global CO2 trend in (i) 2020 and (ii) 2025. The study shows that global CO2 emissions would be limited at 42 percent above 1990 level in 2030 if the increasing trend of global CO2, emissions were to be reversed by 2020. If reversing the trend is delayed by 5 years, global CO2 emissions in 2030 would be 52 percent higher than the 1990 level. The study also finds that to achieve these targets while maintaining expected economic growth, the global average CO2 intensity would require a 68 percent drop from the 1990 level or a 60 percent drop from the 2004 level by 2030. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Author: Govinda R. Timilsina Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: Category : CO2 Languages : en Pages : 37
Book Description
This study analyzes CO, emissions reduction targets for various countries and geopolitical regions by the year 2030 to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at 450ppm (550ppm including non-CO2, greenhouse gases) level. It also determines CO2 intensity cuts that would be required in those countries and regions if the emission reductions were to be achieved through intensity-based targets without curtailing their expected economic growth. Considering that the stabilization of CO, concentrations at 450ppm requires the global trend of CO2 emissions to be reversed before 2030, this study develops two scenarios: reversing the global CO2 trend in (i) 2020 and (ii) 2025. The study shows that global CO2 emissions would be limited at 42 percent above 1990 level in 2030 if the increasing trend of global CO2, emissions were to be reversed by 2020. If reversing the trend is delayed by 5 years, global CO2 emissions in 2030 would be 52 percent higher than the 1990 level. The study also finds that to achieve these targets while maintaining expected economic growth, the global average CO2 intensity would require a 68 percent drop from the 1990 level or a 60 percent drop from the 2004 level by 2030. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Author: Govinda R. Timilsina Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 37
Book Description
This study analyzes CO2 emissions reduction targets for various countries and geopolitical regions by the year 2030 in order to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of CO2 at the level of 450 ppm (550 ppm including non CO2 greenhouse gases). It also determines CO2 intensity cuts that would be needed in those countries and regions if the emission reductions were achieved through intensity-based targets while assuming no effect on forecasted economic growth. Considering that the stabilization of CO2 concentrations at 450 ppm requires the global trend of CO2 emissions to reverse before 2030, this study develops two scenarios: reversing the global CO2 trend in (i) 2020 and (ii) 2025. The study shows that global CO2 emissions would be 42 percent above the 1990 level in 2030 if the increasing trend of global CO2 emissions is reversed by 2020. If reversing the trend is delayed by 5 years, the 2030 global CO2 emissions would be 52 percent higher than the 1990 level. The study also finds that to achieve these targets while maintaining assumed economic growth, the global average CO2 intensity would require a 68 percent drop from the 1990 level or a 60 percent drop from the 2004 level by 2030.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309208939 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
Emissions of carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels have ushered in a new epoch where human activities will largely determine the evolution of Earth's climate. Because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is long lived, it can effectively lock the Earth and future generations into a range of impacts, some of which could become very severe. Emissions reductions decisions made today matter in determining impacts experienced not just over the next few decades, but in the coming centuries and millennia. According to Climate Stabilization Targets: Emissions, Concentrations, and Impacts Over Decades to Millennia, important policy decisions can be informed by recent advances in climate science that quantify the relationships between increases in carbon dioxide and global warming, related climate changes, and resulting impacts, such as changes in streamflow, wildfires, crop productivity, extreme hot summers, and sea level rise. One way to inform these choices is to consider the projected climate changes and impacts that would occur if greenhouse gases in the atmosphere were stabilized at a particular concentration level. The book quantifies the outcomes of different stabilization targets for greenhouse gas concentrations using analyses and information drawn from the scientific literature. Although it does not recommend or justify any particular stabilization target, it does provide important scientific insights about the relationships among emissions, greenhouse gas concentrations, temperatures, and impacts. Climate Stabilization Targets emphasizes the importance of 21st century choices regarding long-term climate stabilization. It is a useful resource for scientists, educators and policy makers, among others.
Author: Publisher: World Business Pub. ISBN: 9781569735688 Category : Business enterprises Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The GHG Protocol Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard helps companies and other organizations to identify, calculate, and report GHG emissions. It is designed to set the standard for accurate, complete, consistent, relevant and transparent accounting and reporting of GHG emissions.
Author: P.R. Shukla Publisher: Allied Publishers ISBN: 8184249675 Category : Energy consumption Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
India’s energy system has evolved around domestic coal, sizable imports of oil and LNG, moderate contribution of hydro power, declining and yet sizable use of traditional biomass as cooking fuel by rural households and growing attention to modern renewable, nuclear and energy efficient technologies. India’s per-capita GHG emissions are below the global average and far below those in the developed countries. Notwithstanding the inherited fossil based energy system and high economic growth expectations, India voluntarily committed to reduce GHG emissions intensity of the economy by 20-25 per cent from 2005 to 2020. This book details inventory of energy and emissions at national and sector levels. It maps firm and locale level energy use and emissions and their impacts such as on the urban air pollution. The future energy and emissions trends are analyzed following scenarios analysis using integrated assessment modelling framework that aligns India’s national development goals with global climate change actions. The analysis shows that the global 2˚C temperature stabilization target shall require fundamental transformation of India’s energy system, both on demand and supply sides. The book demonstrates the necessity and validity of following a long-term development-centric perspective; even while delineating near-term energy and emissions policies, programs and targets such as those needed to delineate the Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs). The book, while illustrating the best practice modeling, scenarios development and policy assessment for India, provides insights into the mode and means of navigating the energy and emissions policy landscape for India. The complexity of the policymaking notwithstanding, the book is intended to demystify the methods and means for delineating the policies. The book, we hope demonstrates the need to use best practice methodologies for national assessments and also the existence of the scientific capacity in the country to carry out such assessments.
Author: Charles S. Pearson Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 1139503383 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Economics and the Challenge of Global Warming is a balanced and comprehensive analysis of the role of economics in confronting global warming, the central environmental issue of the twenty-first century. It avoids a technical exposition in order to reach a wide audience and is up to date in its theoretical and empirical underpinnings. It is addressed to all who have some knowledge of economic concepts and a serious interest in how economics can (and cannot) help in crafting climate policy. The book is organized around three central questions. First, can benefit-cost analysis guide us in setting warming targets? Second, what strategies and policies are cost-effective? Third, and most difficult, can a global agreement be forged between rich and poor, North and South? While economic concepts are foremost in the analysis, they are placed within an accessible ethical and political matrix. The book serves as a primer for the post-Kyoto era.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309155940 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 277
Book Description
Climate change, driven by the increasing concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, poses serious, wide-ranging threats to human societies and natural ecosystems around the world. The largest overall source of greenhouse gas emissions is the burning of fossil fuels. The global atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide, the dominant greenhouse gas of concern, is increasing by roughly two parts per million per year, and the United States is currently the second-largest contributor to global emissions behind China. Limiting the Magnitude of Future Climate Change, part of the congressionally requested America's Climate Choices suite of studies, focuses on the role of the United States in the global effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The book concludes that in order to ensure that all levels of government, the private sector, and millions of households and individuals are contributing to shared national goals, the United States should establish a "budget" that sets a limit on total domestic greenhouse emissions from 2010-2050. Meeting such a budget would require a major departure from business as usual in the way the nation produces and uses energy-and that the nation act now to aggressively deploy all available energy efficiencies and less carbon-intensive technologies and to develop new ones. With no financial incentives or regulatory pressure, the nation will continue to rely upon and "lock in" carbon-intensive technologies and systems unless a carbon pricing system is established-either cap-and-trade, a system of taxing emissions, or a combination of the two. Complementary policies are also needed to accelerate progress in key areas: developing more efficient, less carbon-intense energy sources in electricity and transportation; advancing full-scale development of new-generation nuclear power, carbon capture, and storage systems; and amending emissions-intensive energy infrastructure. Research and development of new technologies that could help reduce emissions more cost effectively than current options is also strongly recommended.
Author: Govinda R. Timilsina
Author: Govinda R. Timilsina
Author: Govinda R. Timilsina
Author: National Research Council
Author: William Pizer
Author: 
Author: Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat
Author: P.R. Shukla
Author: Charles S. Pearson
Author: National Research Council
Author: