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Author: Steven N. Keith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
Based on an analysis of data on people who graduated from U.S. medical schools in 1975, this study reports on the ways that specialty choice, practice location, patient populations served, and board certification rates differ between minority and nonminority graduates. It also considers the relationship of premedical school performance and socioeconomic status to these variables. Although they entered the primary care specialties to a greater extent than nonminorities, there is an impressive dispersion of minority graduates across all specialties. Minority graduates are practicing in physician-shortage areas at twice the rate of their nonminority counterparts, and they are caring for significantly greater proportions of minority and Medicaid patients. Only about half the minority physicians had obtained board certification in their specialty, compared with four-fifths of the nonminority graduates. The results for specialty choice, practice location, and patient characteristics support the continuing affirmative action in medical schools.
Author: Steven N. Keith Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 72
Book Description
Based on an analysis of data on people who graduated from U.S. medical schools in 1975, this study reports on the ways that specialty choice, practice location, patient populations served, and board certification rates differ between minority and nonminority graduates. It also considers the relationship of premedical school performance and socioeconomic status to these variables. Although they entered the primary care specialties to a greater extent than nonminorities, there is an impressive dispersion of minority graduates across all specialties. Minority graduates are practicing in physician-shortage areas at twice the rate of their nonminority counterparts, and they are caring for significantly greater proportions of minority and Medicaid patients. Only about half the minority physicians had obtained board certification in their specialty, compared with four-fifths of the nonminority graduates. The results for specialty choice, practice location, and patient characteristics support the continuing affirmative action in medical schools.
Author: James Curtis Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 0472025023 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 257
Book Description
Affirmative action programs have significantly changed American medicine for the better, not only in medical school admissions and access to postgraduate training but also in bringing a higher quality of health care to all people. James L. Curtis approaches this important transition from historical, statistical, and personal perspectives. He tells how over the course of his medical education and career as a psychiatrist and professor--often as the first or only African American in his cohort--the status of minorities in the medical professions grew from a tiny percentage to a far more equitable representation of the American population. Advancing arguments from his earlier book, Blacks, Medical Schools, and Society, Curtis evaluates the outcomes of affirmative action efforts over the past thirty years. He describes formidable barriers to minority access to medical-education opportunities and the resulting problems faced by minority patients in receiving medical treatment. His progress report includes a review of two thousand minority students admitted to U.S. medical schools in 1969, following them through graduation and their careers, comparing them with the careers of two thousand of their nonminority peers. These samples provide an important look at medical schools that, while heralding dramatic progress in physician education and training opportunity, indicates much room for further improvement. A basic hurdle continues to face African Americans and other minorities who are still confined to segregated neighborhoods and inferior school systems that stifle full scholastic development. Curtis urges us as a nation to develop all our human resources through an expansion of affirmative action programs, thus improving health care for everyone. James L. Curtis is Clinical Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons.
Author: Jamillah Moore Publisher: McFarland ISBN: 9780786419845 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
Affirmative action was meant to redress the lingering vestiges of the discrimination and exclusion so prominent in America's past and afford underrepresented groups the opportunities most take for granted. Its impact on higher learning has been immeasurable: diversity is part of the mission of most colleges and universities, and exposure to a variety of ethnicities, cultures and perspectives benefits all. Yet institutions are scrambling to reevaluate their mission and methods as courts mandate colorblind admissions and affirmative action is misconstrued and attacked as reverse discrimination, patronizing and insulting to minorities, or simply unnecessary. Diversity has plummeted on many campuses as a result, and elite institutions now struggle to enroll underrepresented groups. Discussions of the controversy reflect little understanding of the role of race in college admissions, ignore the fact that eligibility does not guarantee admission, and falsely cast affirmative action as a policy based on race alone. This assessment of the role of race in college admissions examines misconceptions surrounding affirmative action and the place of race in the admission process. Chapters explore declining diversity; the effect upon professional schools; the historical perspective of the subject; the courts' role in affirmative action; inequities in the admissions process; percentage plans as an alternative; the detrimental results of "colorblind" admissions; and ways to address the problem.
Author: Susan Welch Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 0472022717 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 202
Book Description
Affirmative action is one of the central issues of American politics today, and admission to colleges and universities has been at the center of the debate. While this issue has been discussed for years, there is very little real data on the impact of affirmative action programs on admissions to institutions of higher learning. Susan Welch and John Gruhl in this groundbreaking study look at the impact on admissions of policies developed in the wake of the United States Supreme Court's landmark 1978 Bakke decision. In Bakke, the Court legitimized the use of race as one of several factors that could be considered in admissions decisions, while forbidding the use of quotas. Opponents of affirmative action claim that because of the Bakke decision thousands of less-qualified minorities have been granted admission in preference to more qualified white students; proponents claim that without the affirmative action policies articulated in Bakke, minorities would not have made the gains they have made in higher education. Based on a survey of admissions officers for law and medical schools and national enrollment data, the authors give us the first analysis of the real impact of the Bakke decision and affirmative action programs on enrollments in medical and law schools. Admission to medical schools and law schools is much sought after and is highly competitive. In examining admissions patterns to these schools the authors are able to identify the effects of affirmative action programs and the Bakke decision in what may be the most challenging case. This book will appeal to scholars of race and gender in political science, sociology and education as well as those interested in the study of affirmative action policies. Susan Welch is Dean of the College of Liberal Arts and Professor of Political Science, Pennsylvania State University. John Gruhl is Professor of Political Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309166616 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 429
Book Description
The United States is rapidly transforming into one of the most racially and ethnically diverse nations in the world. Groups commonly referred to as minorities-including Asian Americans, Pacific Islanders, African Americans, Hispanics, American Indians, and Alaska Natives-are the fastest growing segments of the population and emerging as the nation's majority. Despite the rapid growth of racial and ethnic minority groups, their representation among the nation's health professionals has grown only modestly in the past 25 years. This alarming disparity has prompted the recent creation of initiatives to increase diversity in health professions. In the Nation's Compelling Interest considers the benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity, and identifies institutional and policy-level mechanisms to garner broad support among health professions leaders, community members, and other key stakeholders to implement these strategies. Assessing the potential benefits of greater racial and ethnic diversity among health professionals will improve the access to and quality of healthcare for all Americans.
Author: Albert P. Williams Publisher: RAND Corporation ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
Examines and compares admissions processes of ten medical schools from 1973 through 1975 for majority and minority applicants. Logit analysis is used to estimate weights given to GPA, MCAT, state of residence, and so on in deciding which applicants to admit. Science MCAT was the most heavily weighted component of the standardized test for majority applicants, followed by Verbal and Quantitative MCATS. Almost all schools favor majority applicants from their parent university's undergraduate school, and being a home state resident always improves admission chances. Undergraduate science grades and Science MCAT scores were heavily weighted in minority admissions decisions but there was no consistent weighting of Verbal or Quantitative MCAT. There is strong evidence of affirmative action: Minority applicants with better than a 50-50 chance of admission would rarely have had a better than a 1 in 20 chance of admission if evaluated by majority standards. 95 pp. Ref.
Author: William M. Rodgers Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 184720015X Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 315
Book Description
The papers contained in the first part of the book are particularly valuable as a primer for researchers interested in economic discrimination. On this basis alone this book is recommended for researchers seeking an overview of current techniques for assessing economic discrimination. . . The final section nicely highlights both the importance in understanding the interaction of policy and economic discrimination, and the difficulties in isolating policy effects. Education Economics Editor Rodgers has compiled a very useful book that summarizes the current state of the literature on economic discrimination. . . This reviewer learned something new and interesting in every chapter and particularly appreciated the clear survey of the age discrimination literature. . . This book will be of value to academics and to those in the legal arena. Highly recommended. J.P. Jacobsen, Choice Discrimination s dynamic nature means that no single theory, method, data or study should be relied upon to assess its magnitude, causes, or remedies. Despite some gains in our understanding, these remain active areas of debate among researchers, practitioners and policymakers. The specially commissioned papers in this volume, all by distinguished contributors, present the full range of issues related to this complex and challenging problem. Part 1 explores innovations in methods and data collection that help to provide richer descriptions of inequality. Part 2 reviews empirical evidence on discrimination that people with disabilities, older workers and gay, lesbian and bisexual individuals face. Although discrimination among these groups is not new, this Handbook shows that economists are beginning to more fully document their experiences. Part 3 presents a balanced discussion of anti-discrimination policies and the impact of affirmative action. The methods and data chapters are particularly designed to encourage researchers to utilize the new approaches and develop new data sources. Accessible and comprehensive, the Handbook is the seminal reference on the economics of discrimination for academic and professional economists, graduate students, advanced undergraduates, practitioners, policymakers, and funders of social science research.
Author: Steven N. Keith
Author: Steven N. Keith
Author: James Curtis
Author: 
Author: Jamillah Moore
Author: Susan Welch
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: United States Commission on Civil Rights
Author: Albert P. Williams
Author: United States Commission on Civil Rights
Author: William M. Rodgers