Author: Thien Duc DoPublisher:
ISBN: 9781303617607
Category : Trihalomethanes
Languages : en
Pages : 80
Book Description
Assessing the Impact of Chlorine Residual on Trihalomethane and Haloacetonitrile Formation Under Chlorination and Chloramination Disinfection Regimes
Author: Thien Duc DoPublisher:
ISBN: 9781303617607
Category : Trihalomethanes
Languages : en
Pages : 80
Book Description
Treatment Techniques for Controlling Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water
Author: James M. SymonsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Drinking water
Languages : en
Pages : 308
Book Description
Disinfection By-Product Formation and Control During Chloramination
Author: Gerald E. Speitel JrPublisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 184339930X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 246
Book Description
In response to current and anticipated disinfection by-product (DBP) regulations, many utilities have begun to use chloramines as a secondary disinfectant. Chloramination produces DBPs such as haloacetic acids (HAAs), trihalomethanes (THMs), and haloacetonitriles (HANs) in lower concentrations than chlorination. Previous research has demonstrated that dihalogenated haloacetic acids (DXAAs) are the most commonly formed HAAs during chloramination. Some utilities may have difficulty meeting the new maximum contaminant level (MCL) for HAAs because chloramination does not limit the formation of DXAAs to the same extent as it does other DBPs. The objectives of this project were to: better understand the reactivity of key natural organic matter (NOM) fractions and the effects of treatment processes with respect to dihaloacetic acid (DXAA) formation, better delineate the influence of pH and Cl2/N ratio on DXAA formation, characterize DXAA formation kinetics and the impact of treatment processes on the kinetics, especially the impact of prechlorination, calculate the rate and extent of DXAA formation at elevated summer water temperatures, and determine the effect of bromide concentration on DXAA speciation and kinetics.
Complying with Trihalomethane Reduction Requirements in Water Treatment Facilities
Author: Philip SingerPublisher: William Andrew
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 304
Book Description
Eight case studies from around the United States involving the reduction of trihalomethane in water treatment facilities. Includes information on finished water quality, treatment plant performance, and costs for each example.
Maintaining Distribution System Residuals Through Booster Chlorination
Author: James G. UberPublisher: IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 272
Book Description
The goal of this project was to discuss the potential advantages associated with booster disinfection, the kinetics of chlorine decay and trihalomethane (THM) formation under rechlorination conditions, and the use of network hydraulic and water quality models to locate booster disinfection stations and determine their dose characteristics. The following are highlights from the research: A laboratory procedure was proposed for analyzing chlorine decay under simulated booster conditions. An initial set of experiments evaluated disinfectant decay under booster conditions, and found it to be dependent on both the magnitude and time of the boost dose. THM formation under booster conditions showed no long-term reduction for any set of results, indicating THM formation is not solely dependent on disinfectant concentration. In booster chloramination, boosting with chlorine appeared to be very successful at producing and maintaining a low ammonia concentration by recombining with the ammonia formed from chloramine decay. A second-order model, including a reaction component that represents natural organic matter, was developed to describe chlorine decay and THM formation under booster conditions. A method was developed to determine good locations and schedules for multiple booster doses by a systematic evaluation of alternative designs using network models. By exploring the disinfection decay kinetics under rechlorination, and developing methods for booster chlorination systems design, the project results will assist utilities and consultants in making better use of booster disinfection as a residual maintenance approach. Originally published by AwwaRF for its subscribers in 2003
Impacts of UV Irradiation on Trihalomethane Formation in Chlorinated and Chloraminated Drinking Water
Author: Kala K. FlemingInterim Treatment Guide for the Control of Chloroform and Other Trihalomethanes
Author: James M. SymonsPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chloroform
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Relative Dominance of Haloacetic Acids and Trihalomethanes in Treated Drinking Water
Author: Publisher: American Water Works Association
ISBN: 1583211179
Category : Chlorine and derivatives as disinfectants
Languages : en
Pages : 344
Book Description
"The objectives of this project were to investigate the relative occurrence of HAAs and THMs in treated drinking waters and to determine water quality, treatment, and distribution system conditions that influence their relative concentrations. ... In all phases of this study, all four bromine- and chlorine-containing THMs and all nine bromine- and clorine-containing HAAs were measured." -- Executive summary.
Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water
Author: Treatment Techniques for Controlling Trihalomethanes in Drinking Water
Author: American Water Works AssociationPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 314
Book Description