Author: Miriam Jamila BatchelderPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
Assessing the Effects of Landscape Conditions on Fish Community Structure at Multiple Scales
Author: Miriam Jamila BatchelderPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 152
Book Description
ADVANCES IN UNDERSTANDING LANDSCAPE INFLUENCES ON FRESHWATER HABITATS AND BIOLOGICAL ASSEMBLAGES.
Author: The Roles of Spatial Scale and Landscape Change in Mediating Predator Effects on Stream Fish Communities
Author: Lindsey Ann BruckerhoffPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
The role of predators in ecosystems has not only intrigued and puzzled ecologists over time, but predators are charismatic icons of conservation whose status indicates threats of global change. Through habitat alteration and fragmentation, climate change, and species introductions, predation pressure has been altered globally through the loss of apex predators, introduction of predators, and changes in predator distributions and abundance. While we know predators can influence ecosystems through top-down processes, managing changes in predation pressure requires quantifying effects of predators at scales relevant to management and conservation. In lotic systems, scales relevant to management often span across drainage basins, so predator effects must be quantified across stream networks. Because lotic communities also respond to landscape change, understanding the role of predators across stream networks requires careful consideration of local and broad scale abiotic factors influencing both predators and prey. I combined simulated, experimental, and observational data to 1) assess sampling strategies to determine effects of landscape change on stream fish communities, 2) measure changes in predator consumption rates across spatial scales and the role of prey behavior in driving scaling relationships, and 3) quantify the relationship between the presence of predators and stream fish community structure while controlling for abiotic variability across stream networks. In chapter 2, I compared how the distribution of sample sites (completely random, highly skewed, or uniform distributions) across landscape gradients influenced variability in measured responses of stream fish community metrics. Strong responses (species richness) to environmental gradients were robust to sample distributions, but large sample size and uniform distributions of samples across gradients were necessary to quantify more complex ecological responses (community composition). In chapter 3, I conducted a mesocosm study to quantify differences in per capita consumption across different arena sizes and measured three aspects of prey behavior hypothesized to be important in driving consumption rates: aggregation, movement, and spatial overlap with predators. Per capita consumption was highest in the largest arena relative to the smallest. I hypothesize the positive relationship between consumption and spatial scale was driven by lower group vigilance because prey aggregated less in large arenas. In chapter 4, I compared fish community structure, including richness and abundance of species, at sites in which a predatory fish, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), were present or absent. I first identified which abiotic factors, including both natural stream attributes and anthropogenic landscape changes, drove the presence of largemouth bass and stream fish community structure. I then controlled for important abiotic factors to determine relationships between largemouth bass and stream fish community structure. Richness was higher than predicted based on abiotic factors at sites where bass were present. Several species associated with small impoundments exhibited significant co-occurrence patterns with largemouth bass, likely driving the heightened richness at sites with bass. Complex ecological phenomena such as community responses to predators are difficult to measures, especially in the context of landscape change. These studies highlight the importance of thoughtful study design, the scale-dependence of biotic interactions, and challenges of quantifying responses to predators at scales relevant to conservation and management.
Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on Fish and Wildlife
Author: National Agricultural Library (U.S.)Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 404
Book Description
"The bibliography is a guide to recent scientific literature covering effects of agricultural conservation practices on fish and wildlife. The citations listed here provide information on how conservation programs and practices designed to improve fish and wildlife habitat, as well as those intended for other purposes (e.g., water quality improvement), affect various aquatic and terrestrial fauna"--Abstract.
Effects of Agricultural Conservation Practices on Fish and Wildlife
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural conservation
Languages : en
Pages : 380
Book Description
"The bibliography is a guide to recent scientific literature covering effects of agricultural conservation practices on fish and wildlife. The citations listed here provide information on how conservation programs and practices designed to improve fish and wildlife habitat, as well as those intended for other purposes (e.g., water quality improvement), affect various aquatic and terrestrial fauna"--Abstract.
Physical, Chemical, and Biological Responses to Urbanization in the Fox and Des Plaines River Basins of Northeastern Illinois and Southeastern Wisconsin
Author: Mitchell A. HarrisPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Hydrology
Languages : en
Pages : 88
Book Description
Scaling and Uncertainty Analysis in Ecology
Author: Jianguo WuPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402046634
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 354
Book Description
This is the first book of its kind – explicitly considering uncertainty and error analysis as an integral part of scaling. The book draws together a series of important case studies to provide a comprehensive review and synthesis of the most recent concepts, theories and methods in scaling and uncertainty analysis. It includes case studies illustrating how scaling and uncertainty analysis are being conducted in ecology and environmental science.
General Technical Report PNW-GTR
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Forests and forestry
Languages : en
Pages : 660
Book Description
Use of Landscape Sciences for the Assessment of Environmental Security
Author: Irene PetrosilloPublisher: Springer
ISBN: 1402065949
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 494
Book Description
This book examines environmental security from the perspective of landscape sciences, identifying the forces that threaten environmental security at all levels. It stems from the last five years of the Pilot Study Project on Use of Landscape Sciences for Environmental Assessment sponsored by the NATO Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society. Readers explore concepts of environmental security from subjective and objective perspectives.
Land Use and Water Quality
Author: Brian KronvangPublisher: MDPI
ISBN: 3039435035
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 248
Book Description
This collection of 11 papers introduces broad topics covering various professional disciplines related to the research arena of land use and water quality. The papers exemplify the important links between agriculture and water quality in surface and ground waters as well as the pollution problems around urban areas. Advancement of new technologies for analyzing links between land use and water quality problems as well as insights into new tools for analyzing large monitoring datasets are highlighted in this collection of papers.