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Author: Victoria Ding Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
Provider profiling as a means to describe and compare performance of health care professionals has gained great momentum in the past decade. The implications of profiling, which can drive provider incentives and guide health policy, call for precise and accurate statistical methods. We used a simulation study to compare the performance of three commonly used methods for estimating provider performance (ranking) and for identifying high performing providers (classifying). We evaluated classification performance based on sensitivity and specificity and ranking performance based on mean squared error. We found that when between-provider variability in performance was low, all three methods performed poorly, with low accuracy for identifying top performers and high mean squared error for ranking. We then demonstrated the performance of these methods in an application to data on satisfaction with mental health care providers. Based on these findings, we caution against the use of any classification method in the setting of low between-provider variability and recommend the use of risk-adjusted methods, which take into account variation in characteristics of providers' patients, when the ratio of between-provider variability to within-provider variability is high.
Author: Victoria Ding Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 50
Book Description
Provider profiling as a means to describe and compare performance of health care professionals has gained great momentum in the past decade. The implications of profiling, which can drive provider incentives and guide health policy, call for precise and accurate statistical methods. We used a simulation study to compare the performance of three commonly used methods for estimating provider performance (ranking) and for identifying high performing providers (classifying). We evaluated classification performance based on sensitivity and specificity and ranking performance based on mean squared error. We found that when between-provider variability in performance was low, all three methods performed poorly, with low accuracy for identifying top performers and high mean squared error for ranking. We then demonstrated the performance of these methods in an application to data on satisfaction with mental health care providers. Based on these findings, we caution against the use of any classification method in the setting of low between-provider variability and recommend the use of risk-adjusted methods, which take into account variation in characteristics of providers' patients, when the ratio of between-provider variability to within-provider variability is high.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309377722 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 473
Book Description
Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.
Author: Frederik Wisse Publisher: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing ISBN: 9780802819185 Category : Religion Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
The great number of New Testament manuscripts makes the task of citing evidence in text-critical studies appear to be overwhelming. Since it is not practical to cite all of the manuscript evidence, scholars have attempted to find representative texts. Long ago they noted that many of the manuscripts were related, i.e. certain groups of manuscripts share certain combinations of variants, probably because members of the groups are "descendants" of the same manuscripts. The profile method is Professor Frederik Wisse's attempt to establish "an accurate and rapid procedure for the classification of the manuscript evidence on any ancient text with large manuscript attestation, and to present an adequate basis for the selection of balanced representatives of the whole tradition."
Author: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ Publisher: Government Printing Office ISBN: 1587634333 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 385
Book Description
This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.
Author: John L. Adams Publisher: ISBN: Category : Outcome assessment (Medical care) Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
This technical report explains the relationship between reliability measurement and misclassification for physician quality and cost measures in health care. It provides details and a practical method to calculate reliability and misclassification from the data typically available to health plans. This report builds on other RAND work on reliability and misclassification and has two main goals. First, it can serve as a tutorial for measuring reliability and misclassification. Second, it will describe the likelihood of misclassification in a situation not addressed in our prior work in which physicians are categorized using statistical testing. For any newly proposed system, the methods presented here should enable an evaluator to calculate the reliabilities and, consequently, the misclassification probabilities. It is our hope that knowing these misclassification probabilities will increase transparency about profiling methods and stimulate an informed debate about the costs and benefits of alternative profiling systems. The appendixes provide more technical detail on how to measure reliability with related program code as well as a set of lookup tables that can be used to obtain the rate of misclassification associated with a reliability estimate under various scenarios.
Author: Institute of Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309164257 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 267
Book Description
Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research.
Author: Tan, Joseph Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1616920033 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Developments in Healthcare Information Systems and Technologies: Models and Methods presents the latest research in healthcare information systems design, development, and deployment, benefiting researchers, practitioners, and students. Contributions investigate topics such as clinical education, electronic medical records, clinical decision support systems, and IT adoption in healthcare.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Specialism (Philosophy) Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This technical report describes the methods and sensitivity analyses used by the authors in an article published in the New England Journal of Medicine. Purchasers are experimenting with a variety of approaches to control health care costs, including limiting network contracts to lower-cost physicians and offering patients differential copayments to encourage them to visit "high-performance" (i.e., higher-quality, lower-cost) physicians. These approaches require a method for analyzing physicians' costs and a classification system for determining which physicians have lower relative costs. There has been little analysis of the reliability of such methods. Reliability is determined by three factors: the number of observations, the variation between physicians in their use of resources, and random variation in the scores. A study of claims data from four Massachusetts health plans demonstrates that, according to the current methods of physician cost profiling, the majority of physicians did not have cost profiles that met common reliability thresholds and, importantly, reliability varied significantly by specialty. Low reliability results in a substantial chance that a given physician will be misclassified as lower-cost when he or she is not, or vice versa. Such findings raise concerns about the use of cost profiling tools and the utility of their results.
Author: Gerald Goldstein Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471416111 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 484
Book Description
In one volume, the leading researchers in intelligence and neuropsychological assessment interpret the range of issues related to intellectual and neuropsychological tests, including test development and psychometrics, clinical applications, ethical and legal concerns, use with diverse populations, computerization, and the latest research. Clinicians and researchers who use these instruments will find this volume invaluable, as it contains the most comprehensive and up-to-date information available on this important aspect of practice.
Author: Victoria Ding
Author: Victoria Ding
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Frederik Wisse
Author: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ
Author: John L. Adams
Author: Institute of Medicine
Author: Tan, Joseph
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Gerald Goldstein