Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Family-owned business enterprises Languages : en Pages : 249
Book Description
Since the industrial revolution, natural resource systems have rapidly modernized and globalized. Commercial fishing industries have expanded and optimized resource extraction but have often times exceeded sustainable levels of harvest. In the Pacific Northwestern United States, the commercial fishing industry is one of particular economic and cultural importance. Due to reduced yield of many native fish stocks, marine reserves have been implemented in Oregon's nearshore waters in an effort to conserve biodiversity. While spatial closures of marine reserves seek to preserve and stabilize Oregon's ocean ecosystems, adverse socioeconomic implications are inevitably created when profitable waters are set aside. A main challenge of marine policy is achieving conservation goals while simultaneously protecting and maintaining the socioeconomic livelihood of ocean users. As policy makers push for aggressive conservation policy, it is imperative to understand the ways in which different groups of stakeholders will be impacted by regulation. The objectives of this study were to (1) assess potential fishing displacement from marine reserve designation and identify internal and external socioeconomic factors explaining variability in fishing behavior, and (2) evaluate shifting familial succession patterns across fisheries and port groups within Oregon's nearshore fisheries. A mail survey dispersed to permit holders in Oregon's commercial Dungeness crab, salmon, and groundfish fisheries contained questions regarding spatial and temporal shifts in fishing behavior, operating expenditures, as well as demographic information. The first study objective was to assess impacts of marine reserve designation on the ways that fishing effort is exerted and how efforts differ between fishing communities and fleets in Oregon's nearshore environment over time. Quantitative and spatial measurements of fishing effort can help determine which areas are most heavily fished, which areas are collectively perceived to be the best and worst fishing grounds and how fisher's behaviors are responding to market, regulatory, ecological, and climatic variability. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that fishing effort was not reduced or displaced by marine reserve implementation, but rather driven by fishery closures resulting from low stock health linked to climatic variability. Linear mixed effects models revealed that large-scale fishing operations are more resilient and flexible to climatic, regulatory, economic, and ecological variability. The second study objective evaluated familial succession in Oregon's nearshore fisheries. Many rural industries, such as agriculture, timber and commercial fishing, are experiencing reduced youth recruitment and participation. Rural to urban migration patterns and large barriers to entry have been cited as reasons for the graying of Oregon's commercial fishing industry. It is important to understand which socioeconomic factors drive recruitment into the fishery in order to successfully manage and communicate with fishery participants. A binomial logistic regression model revealed that fishers with large-scale fishing operations are much more likely to participate in familial succession within the industry, compared to a fisher with a relatively small business. Chi-squared goodness of fit analyses indicated that in some regions along the coast, succession often mirrors the health and economic viability of a fishery and dynamics of local economies.
Author: Nigel Haggan Publisher: United Nations Educational, Scientific & Cultural Organization ISBN: Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
Drawing on a number of case studies from around the world, this publication considers how the local knowledge and practices of indigenous fishing communities are being used in collaboration with scientists, government managers and non-governmental organisations to establish effective frameworks for sustainable fisheries science and management. It seeks to contribute towards achieving the goal of establishing international responsibility for the ethical collection, preservation, dissemination and application of fishers' knowledge.
Author: Julie Koppel Maldonado Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319052667 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
With a long history and deep connection to the Earth’s resources, indigenous peoples have an intimate understanding and ability to observe the impacts linked to climate change. Traditional ecological knowledge and tribal experience play a key role in developing future scientific solutions for adaptation to the impacts. The book explores climate-related issues for indigenous communities in the United States, including loss of traditional knowledge, forests and ecosystems, food security and traditional foods, as well as water, Arctic sea ice loss, permafrost thaw and relocation. The book also highlights how tribal communities and programs are responding to the changing environments. Fifty authors from tribal communities, academia, government agencies and NGOs contributed to the book. Previously published in Climatic Change, Volume 120, Issue 3, 2013.
Author: Jeremy B.C. Jackson Publisher: Island Press ISBN: 161091029X Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 309
Book Description
Shifting Baselines explores the real-world implications of a groundbreaking idea: we must understand the oceans of the past to protect the oceans of the future. In 1995, acclaimed marine biologist Daniel Pauly coined the term "shifting baselines" to describe a phenomenon of lowered expectations, in which each generation regards a progressively poorer natural world as normal. This seminal volume expands on Pauly's work, showing how skewed visions of the past have led to disastrous marine policies and why historical perspective is critical to revitalize fisheries and ecosystems. Edited by marine ecologists Jeremy Jackson and Enric Sala, and historian Karen Alexander, the book brings together knowledge from disparate disciplines to paint a more realistic picture of past fisheries. The authors use case studies on the cod fishery and the connection between sardine and anchovy populations, among others, to explain various methods for studying historic trends and the intricate relationships between species. Subsequent chapters offer recommendations about both specific research methods and effective management. This practical information is framed by inspiring essays by Carl Safina and Randy Olson on a personal experience of shifting baselines and the importance of human stories in describing this phenomenon to a broad public. While each contributor brings a different expertise to bear, all agree on the importance of historical perspective for effective fisheries management. Readers, from students to professionals, will benefit enormously from this informed hindsight.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9789251046944 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 180
Book Description
The importance of free longitudinal passage of river fauna is stressed.
Author: Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Pacific Region Publisher: Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Information and Publications Branch ISBN: Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
Various papers are presented on the topics of invertebrate management ingeneral; the sampling of adults, juveniles and larval forms;population dynamics and models; exploration and multispecies interactions;and management strategies. An overall workshop summary is included.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Marine Resources Service Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9789251034712 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
This document provides a review, commentary and tabulations of the main trends that have occurred in exploitation of fisheries resources since the 1970s, largely as they are reflected in the FAO database on fishery landings, supplemented with selected information from the fishery literature. Reviews were prepared separately for the 15 main areas into which FAO divides the world's oceans for statistical purposes. They are then compared from a global perspective to reveal relative trends by species and areas, which are highlighted. Several special topics are reviewed, including tuna and tuna-like species, whales and dolphins, and environmental issues in fisheries.
Author: 
Author: Nigel Haggan
Author: Julie Koppel Maldonado
Author: Jeremy B.C. Jackson
Author: 
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Frank Stevens Hall
Author: Canada. Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Pacific Region
Author: 
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Marine Resources Service