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Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309051258 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown. Spacecraft performing communications, navigation, scientific, and other missions now share Earth orbit with spent rocket bodies, nonfunctional spacecraft, fragments from spacecraft breakups, and other debris created as a byproduct of space operations. Orbital Debris examines the methods we can use to characterize orbital debris, estimates the magnitude of the debris population, and assesses the hazard that this population poses to spacecraft. Potential methods to protect spacecraft are explored. The report also takes a close look at the projected future growth in the debris population and evaluates approaches to reducing that growth. Orbital Debris offers clear recommendations for targeted research on the debris population, for methods to improve the protection of spacecraft, on methods to reduce the creation of debris in the future, and much more.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309051258 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 225
Book Description
Since the beginning of space flight, the collision hazard in Earth orbit has increased as the number of artificial objects orbiting the Earth has grown. Spacecraft performing communications, navigation, scientific, and other missions now share Earth orbit with spent rocket bodies, nonfunctional spacecraft, fragments from spacecraft breakups, and other debris created as a byproduct of space operations. Orbital Debris examines the methods we can use to characterize orbital debris, estimates the magnitude of the debris population, and assesses the hazard that this population poses to spacecraft. Potential methods to protect spacecraft are explored. The report also takes a close look at the projected future growth in the debris population and evaluates approaches to reducing that growth. Orbital Debris offers clear recommendations for targeted research on the debris population, for methods to improve the protection of spacecraft, on methods to reduce the creation of debris in the future, and much more.
Author: Heiner Klinkrad Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540376747 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 438
Book Description
The future evolution of the debris environment will be forecast on the basis of traffic models and possible hazard mitigation practices. The text shows how large trackable objects will have re-entry pinpointed and predictions made on related risk assessment for possible ground impact. Models will also be described for meteoroids which are also a prevailing risk.
Author: David S. F. Portree Publisher: ISBN: Category : Space debris Languages : en Pages : 176
Book Description
The 37-year (1961-1998) history of orbital debris concerns. Tracks orbital debris hazard creation, research, observation, experimentation, management, mitigation, protection, and policy. Includes debris-producing, events; U.N. orbital debris treaties, Space Shuttle and space station orbital debris issues; ASAT tests; milestones in theory and modeling; uncontrolled reentries; detection system development; shielding development; geosynchronous debris issues, including reboost policies: returned surfaces studies, seminar papers reports, conferences, and studies; the increasing effect of space activities on astronomy; and growing international awareness of the near-Earth environment.
Author: Zhang Rongzhi Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128180110 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
Spacecraft Collision Avoidance Technology presents the theory and practice of space collision avoidance. The title gives models of time and space environment, their impact on high-precision orbit prediction, considers optimal orbit determination methods and models in different warning stages, and establishes basic models for warning and avoidance. Chapters present an outline of spacecraft collision warning strategy, elaborate on the basics of orbital calculation for collision avoidance, consider space object detection technology, detail space environment and object orbit, give a method for spacecraft collision warning orbit calculation, and finally, demonstrate a strategy for spacecraft collision warning and avoidance.
Author: National Research Council Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309219744 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
Derelict satellites, equipment and other debris orbiting Earth (aka space junk) have been accumulating for many decades and could damage or even possibly destroy satellites and human spacecraft if they collide. During the past 50 years, various National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) communities have contributed significantly to maturing meteoroid and orbital debris (MMOD) programs to their current state. Satellites have been redesigned to protect critical components from MMOD damage by moving critical components from exterior surfaces to deep inside a satellite's structure. Orbits are monitored and altered to minimize the risk of collision with tracked orbital debris. MMOD shielding added to the International Space Station (ISS) protects critical components and astronauts from potentially catastrophic damage that might result from smaller, untracked debris and meteoroid impacts. Limiting Future Collision Risk to Spacecraft: An Assessment of NASA's Meteoroid and Orbital Debris Program examines NASA's efforts to understand the meteoroid and orbital debris environment, identifies what NASA is and is not doing to mitigate the risks posed by this threat, and makes recommendations as to how they can improve their programs. While the report identified many positive aspects of NASA's MMOD programs and efforts including responsible use of resources, it recommends that the agency develop a formal strategic plan that provides the basis for prioritizing the allocation of funds and effort over various MMOD program needs. Other necessary steps include improvements in long-term modeling, better measurements, more regular updates of the debris environmental models, and other actions to better characterize the long-term evolution of the debris environment.
Author: Arjun Tan Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9811208573 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 378
Book Description
For over half a century, an increasing number of satellites have fragmented in orbit, creating a large amount of hazardous orbital debris which threaten the safety of useful functioning satellites and space missions. This book discusses the theory behind these fragmentations followed by studies of actual cases.The book begins with a survey of satellite fragmentations in orbit and the consequent formation of orbital debris in chronological order. Next, the fundamental physical processes underlying satellite fragmentations are outlined and the methods of analyzing satellite fragmentations presented. The rest of the book presents analyses of the major satellite fragmentation events including accidental and intentional breakups, those due to explosions and collisions, as well as those belonging to the unknown category.
Author: Nakarada Pecujlic, Anja Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1522572570 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 360
Book Description
A major non-technical challenge of space activities is ensuring productive cooperation, communication, and understanding between the engineers who design the mission and the space lawyers who cover its relevant legal aspects. Though both groups usually attain some level of understanding, it is only achieved after many years of experience in the space industry and through repeated contact with topics relevant to their projects. A basic understanding of the most important legal and technical aspects acquired earlier in their careers can facilitate better cooperation and more efficient development of space projects. Promoting Productive Cooperation Between Space Lawyers and Engineers is a pivotal reference source that provides vital insights into basic legal and technical topics and challenges that occur while planning and conducting typical space activities. The book uses high-profile space missions as examples and highlights the major technical aspects of these missions and the legal issues applied to these missions. While highlighting topics such as planetary settlements, policy perspectives, and suborbital spaceflight, this publication is ideally designed for lawyers, engineers, academicians, students, and professionals.
Author: Wilfried Ley Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470742410 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 908
Book Description
Twenty years since the first edition was published in the German language, and just over fifty years since the launch of the Earth’s first ever artificial satellite Sputnik 1, this third edition of the Handbook of Space Technology presents in fully integrated colour a detailed insight into the fascinating world of space for the first time in the English language. Authored by over 70 leading experts from universities, research institutions and the space industry, this comprehensive handbook describes the processes and methodologies behind the development, construction, operation and utilization of space systems, presenting the profound changes that have occurred in recent years in the engineering, materials, processes and even politics associated with space technologies and utilization. The individual chapters are self-contained, enabling the reader to gain a quick and reliable overview of a selected field; an extensive reference and keyword list helps those who wish to deepen their understanding of individual topics. Featuring superb, full colour illustrations and photography throughout, this interdisciplinary reference contains practical, hands-on engineering and planning information that will be invaluable to those on a career path within space technology, or simply for those of us who’d like to know more about this fascinating industry. Main section headings include: Introduction (historical overview, space missions) Fundamentals (orbital mechanics, aerothermodynamics/ reentry, space debris) Launch Vehicles (staged technologies, propulsion systems, launch infrastructure) Space Vehicle Subsystems (structure, energy supply, thermal controls, attitude control, communication) Aspects of Human Flight (man in space, life support systems, rendezvous and docking) Mission Operations (satellite operation, control center, ground station network) Utilization of Space (Earth observation, communication navigation, space astronomy, material sciences, space medicine, robotics) Configuration and Design of a Space Vehicle (mission concept, system concept, environmental simulation, system design, Galileo satellites) Management of Space Missions (project management, quality management, cost management, space law)
Author: National Research Council
Author: National Research Council
Author: Heiner Klinkrad
Author: David S. F. Portree
Author: Zhang Rongzhi
Author: National Research Council
Author: Arjun Tan
Author: Nicholas L. Johnson
Author: Nakarada Pecujlic, Anja
Author: Wilfried Ley
Author: David S. F. Portree