Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua PDF Download

Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua PDF full book. Access full book title Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua by Tomasz Czechowski. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.

Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua

Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua PDF Author: Tomasz Czechowski
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288966158X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 140

Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua

Artemisinin - From Traditional Chinese Medicine to Artemisinin Combination Therapies; Four Decades of Research on the Biochemistry,Physiology, and Breeding of Artemisia annua PDF Author: Tomasz Czechowski
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 288966158X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 140

Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials

Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials PDF Author: Guoqiao Li
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128132116
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 738

Book Description
Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials: Detailed Account of Studies by Chinese Scientists Who Discovered and Developed Them provides a historical and scientific background of the discovery and development of artemisinin, artemisinin derivatives, combination drugs and related chemicals. It is a historical document, a scientific treatise, and a fascinating description of innovative research on new drug development that is carried out under extremely difficult conditions. The book also includes detailed experiments, physical-chemical procedures, practical methodologies and clinical trials. It is a valuable reference for students and researchers in the fields of scientific history, medicine, pharmaceutical science, chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Presents details of all stages of drug development, including in vitro experiment, animal exploratory studies, animal tests for toxicity, safety and efficacy followed by stages I, II, III and IV, safety and efficacy in human volunteers and patients with malaria Provides many physical-chemical laboratory procedures, such as NMR, MS, HPLC and X-ray diffraction used in drug development Includes practical methodology of clinical trials from many research centers and countries to demonstrate the importance of this discovery

From Artemisia annua L. to Artemisinins

From Artemisia annua L. to Artemisinins PDF Author: Youyou Tu
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128116560
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 470

Book Description
Approx.426 pages Approx.426 pages

Tu Youyou And The Discovery Of Artemisinin: 2015 Nobel Laureate In Physiology Or Medicine

Tu Youyou And The Discovery Of Artemisinin: 2015 Nobel Laureate In Physiology Or Medicine PDF Author: Yi Rao
Publisher: World Scientific
ISBN: 9813109912
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 223

Book Description
Nobel laureate Tu Youyou won the 2015 prize for Medicine/Physiology for the discovery of artemisinin, a drug therapy for malaria that has saved millions across the globe.This book traces the path of discovery beginning with Chairman Mao's 1964 instruction to Chinese researchers to find a cure for malaria, a disease that plagued the military and civilians alike in endemic regions. It chronicles the years of painstaking research to find effective anti-malarial drugs, and how an entry in a collection of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions gave Tu Youyou the clue which led her to successfully extract artemisinin from the plant, Artemisia annua.Gathering together information from a variety of sources including first-hand accounts, this book describes the contributions of the many organisations, scientists, doctors and countless others who played a part in the process of discovery and clinical testing. It also provides insights into the challenges of carrying out such an extensive research project with limited resources during the upheavals of the Cultural Revolution. An inspirational read for young scientists.Includes the translation of Professor Tu Youyou's 2015 Nobel Lecture.

Studies on Antimalarial Activity, Physicochemical Properties and Mechanism of Action of 4(1H)-quinolones and Artemisinin

Studies on Antimalarial Activity, Physicochemical Properties and Mechanism of Action of 4(1H)-quinolones and Artemisinin PDF Author: Cynthia Lichorowic
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Antimalarials
Languages : en
Pages : 124

Book Description
Malaria continues to be a global health problem, affecting hundreds of millions and killing hundreds of thousands every year. In order to heed the call for new treatments for malaria, the Manetsch lab has turned to the studies of previously abandoned antimalarials as well as mechanism of action studies in order to improve these compounds. ICI 56,780 is one of these historic compounds. Originally synthesized in 1967, it was found to have blood schizonticidal activity as well as causal prophylactic action. Though it was also found to be curative in rhesus monkeys, poor bioavailability and a penchant for resistance led to the abandonment of ICI 56,780. In addition to historical compounds, we have completed research on a current treatment for malaria. Artemisinin was isolated in 1972 from Artemisia annua, which had been used in Chinese herbal medicine for over 2000 years. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the current leading treatment for uncomplicated malaria, but recently, resistance to ACTs has been documented at the Thai-Cambodian border. The first objective was to address the rapid occurrence of resistance in ICI 56,780. A series of 46 4(1H)-quinolones were synthesized, focusing on altering the substituents in the 2-, 3-, 6- and 7-positions. We were interested in not only achieving potent antimalarial activity but in reaching a resistance index (RI) in which the ratio of the EC50 values between the W2 and TM90-C2B strains was between 0.3 and 3.0 in order to avoid clinically relevant levels of cross-resistance with atovaquone. The study initially focused on determining the relative importance of each original substituent of ICI 56,780, concluding that the removal of either the 3-methyl ester or the 7-phenoxyethoxy moiety resulted in a drastic drop in activity against the TM90-C2B strain. Changes to the 6-n-butyl substituent had a minimal effect on the activity and could produce reasonably active compounds, for example, 2.6aa. Some of the most interesting compounds were synthesized by substituting the 3-methyl ester with a halogen. By maintaining ICI 56,780's structure, and only replacing the 3-methyl ester with an iodine, we lost minimal activity but were able to improve the RI from 202 for ICI 56,780 to 4.91 for 3-iodo compound 2.16b. The activities and RI values were approximately half as active for an equivalent bromo substitution, but the evident improvement in atovaquone resistance still stands and is reflected with the addition of a 2-methyl substituent, producing our lead compound 2.16c. In a follow-up project, we utilized structural information garnered in the previous discussion to address the poor solubility of ICI 56,780 and 2.16c. A series of piperazine-substituted 4(1H)-quinolones were synthesized and tested against the same parasite strains as well as solubility assays. The strongest activities were achieved with compounds featuring a 4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl-piperazinyl substituent in the 7-position in addition to a 6-methyl and 3-methyl ester, but unfortunately, the resistance index was poor. To solve this problem, we once again utilized the addition of a halogen in the 3-position to yield compounds which have slightly lower antimalarial activity, but significantly improved RI values. A serious threat to the eradication of malaria is the emerging resistance of parasites to current front-line treatment artemisinin-based combination therapies. Since little was known about the target and mechanism of action of artemisinin, the following research focuses on developing artemisinin-derived molecules for the study of artemisinin targets in order to gain a better understanding for future drug discovery. Many studies have been completed focusing on the dimerization of artemisinin, specifically highlighting the significant increase in activity over two single artemisinin molecules. To fully explore this increase, we have synthesized a series of artemisinin dimers in which one-half of the dimer includes a deactivated endoperoxide bridge, to better understand the effect of dimerization on activity. Finally, based on research which confirms the covalent linkage of artemisinin to its target, we developed and synthesized a series of alkynylated or thio acid-substituted artemisinin probes which could be utilized in a click-mediated pull-down study of artemisinin's biological targets, which were unknown at the time of this study. Though the biological experiments did not yield any visualization of artemisinin's target, a set of three probes, plus their negative controls were successfully synthesized along with a previously reported biotin-azide.

Biotechnology of Anti-diabetic Medicinal Plants

Biotechnology of Anti-diabetic Medicinal Plants PDF Author: Saikat Gantait
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811635293
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 482

Book Description
This book is a unique overview of insights on the genetic basis of anti-diabetic activity, chemistry, physiology, biotechnology, mode-of-action, as well as cellular mechanisms of anti-diabetic secondary metabolites from medicinal plants. The World Health Organization estimated that 80% of the populations of developing countries rely on traditional medicines, mostly plant drugs, for their primary health care needs. There is an increasing demand for medicinal plants having anti-diabetic potential in both developing and developed countries. The expanding trade in medicinal plants has serious implications on the survival of several plant species, with many under threat to become extinct. This book describes various approaches to conserve these genetic resources. It discusses the whole spectrum of biotechnological tools from micro-propagation for large-scale multiplication, cell-culture techniques to the biosynthesis and enhancement of pharmaceutical compounds in the plants. It also discusses the genetic transformation as well as short- to long-term conservation of plant genetic resources via synthetic seed production and cryopreservation, respectively. The book is enriched with expert contributions from across the globe. This reference book is useful for researchers in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industries, medicinal chemists, biochemists, botanists, molecular biologists, academicians, students as well as diabetic patients, traditional medicine practitioners, scientists in medicinal and aromatic plants, Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and other traditional medical practitioners.

Botanical Leads for Drug Discovery

Botanical Leads for Drug Discovery PDF Author: Bikarma Singh
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811559171
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 481

Book Description
Active botanical ingredients are a prime requirement for herbal formulations and discovering a drug is all about integration of science disciplines. In recent decades there has been a growing interest in treating wounds and diseases using traditional remedies based on local herbs, combined with chemical advances. Although this has led to the development of new bioactive ingredients from plants, there has been little success in terms of clinical trials and post-marketing studies to comply with FDA guidelines. Plants have been used as a source of medicine throughout history and continue to serve as the basis for many pharmaceuticals used today. However, despite the modern pharmaceutical industry being founded on botanical medicine, synthetic approaches to drug discovery have now become standard. Science-driven translational discovery and botanical development has created a new reality, leading to enormous changes in strategies, technologies and the disciplines involved, which have been embraced by the pharmaceutical and biotech industries. This book gathers scientific expertise and traditional knowledge to promote the discovery and development of new formulations and drugs based on active ingredients and to provide guidance on taking these to clinical trials. It discusses major topics, such as how the phytochemical composition of many plants has changed over time due to factors like cultivation, which can have both positive and negative effects on the levels of bioactive compounds. It also explores the importance of plants as a valuable source of therapeutic compounds as a result of their vast biosynthetic capacity, and classifies them according to their intended use, safety and regulatory status. Further, the book offers insights into the regulatory aspects of botanical products, which is an important issue when considering standardization and quality assessment, and also examines the commercial aspects of plant-derived medications and their proven role in the treatment of chronic diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, pain, asthma, and other associated conditions. Given its scope, this book is a valuable tool for botanists, natural product chemists, pharmacologists and microbiologists involved in the study of phytochemicals for drug discovery.

Allelopathy

Allelopathy PDF Author: Manuel J. Reigosa
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402042809
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 635

Book Description
There are many good books in the market dealing with the subject of allelopathy. When we designed the outline of this new book, we thought that it should include as many different points of view as possible, although in an integrated general scheme. Allelopathy can be viewed from different of perspectives, ranging from the molecular to the ecosystem level, and including molecular biology, plant biochemistry, plant physiology, plant ecophysiology and ecology, with information coming also from the organic chemistry, soil sciences, microbiology and many other scientific disciplines. This book was designed to include a complete perspective of allelopathic process. The book is divided into seven major sections. The first chapter explores the international development of allelopathy as a science and next section deals with methodological aspects and it explores potential limitations of actual research. Third section is devoted to physiological aspects of allelopathy. Different specialists wrote about photosynthesis, cell cycle, detoxification processes, abiotic and biotic stress, plant secondary metabolites and respiration related to allelopathy. Chapters 13 through 16 are collectively devoted to various aspects of plant ecophysiology on a variety of levels: microorganisms, soil system and weed germination. Fundamental ecology approaches using both experimental observations and theoretical analysis of allelopathy are described in chapters 16 and 17. Those chapters deal with the possible evolutionary forces that have shaped particular strategies. In the section named “allelopathy in different environments”, authors primarily center on marine, aquatic, forest and agro ecosystems. Last section includes chapters addressing application of the knowledge of allelopathy.

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Medicinal and Aromatic Plants PDF Author: Tariq Aftab
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030589757
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 781

Book Description
Before the concept of history began, humans undoubtedly acquired life benefits by discovering medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) that were food and medicine. Today, a variety of available herbs and spices are used and enjoyed throughout the world and continue to promote good health. The international market is also quite welcoming for MAPs and essential oils. The increasing environment and nature conscious buyers encourage producers to produce high quality essential oils. These consumer choices lead to growing preference for organic and herbal based products in the world market. As the benefits of medicinal and aromatic plants are recognized, these plants will have a special role for humans in the future. Until last century, the production of botanicals relies to a large degree on wild-collection. However, the increasing commercial collection, largely unmonitored trade, and habitat loss lead to an incomparably growing pressure on plant populations in the wild. Therefore, medicinal and aromatic plants are of high priority for conservation. Given the above, we bring forth a comprehensive volume, “Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: Healthcare and Industrial Applications”, highlighting the various healthcare, industrial and pharmaceutical applications that are being used on these immensely important MAPs and its future prospects. This collection of chapters from the different areas dealing with MAPs caters to the need of all those who are working or have interest in the above topic.

WHO Monograph on Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) for Artemisia Annua L.

WHO Monograph on Good Agricultural and Collection Practices (GACP) for Artemisia Annua L. PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241594431
Category : Antimalarials
Languages : en
Pages : 49

Book Description