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Author: Eric J. Koldinger Publisher: ISBN: Category : Operating systems (Computers) Languages : en Pages : 13
Book Description
Abstract: "Recent microprocessor announcements show a trend toward wide-address computers: architectures that support 64 bits of virtual address space. Such architectures facilitate fundamentally new operating system organizations that promote efficient data sharing and cooperation, both between complex applications and between parts of the operating system itself. One such organization is the single address space operating system, in which all the processes run within a single global virtual address space; protection is provided not through conventional address space boundaries, but through protection domains that dictate which pages of the global address space a process can reference. This paper focuses on the architectural implications of single address space operating systems, specificially the interaction between the memory system architecture and the operating system's use of addressing and protection. Our purpose is to explore certain architectural opportunities created by single address space systems by evaluating two protection models that support them. The first provides protection on a per-page, per-domain basis; we define the protection lookaside buffer, a hardware structure that implements this model. The second provides protection on a page-group basis; this model is implemented in the Hewlett-Packard PA-RISC architecture."
Author: Eric J. Koldinger Publisher: ISBN: Category : Operating systems (Computers) Languages : en Pages : 13
Book Description
Abstract: "Recent microprocessor announcements show a trend toward wide-address computers: architectures that support 64 bits of virtual address space. Such architectures facilitate fundamentally new operating system organizations that promote efficient data sharing and cooperation, both between complex applications and between parts of the operating system itself. One such organization is the single address space operating system, in which all the processes run within a single global virtual address space; protection is provided not through conventional address space boundaries, but through protection domains that dictate which pages of the global address space a process can reference. This paper focuses on the architectural implications of single address space operating systems, specificially the interaction between the memory system architecture and the operating system's use of addressing and protection. Our purpose is to explore certain architectural opportunities created by single address space systems by evaluating two protection models that support them. The first provides protection on a per-page, per-domain basis; we define the protection lookaside buffer, a hardware structure that implements this model. The second provides protection on a page-group basis; this model is implemented in the Hewlett-Packard PA-RISC architecture."
Author: Gernot Heiser Publisher: ISBN: Category : Operating systems (Computers) Languages : en Pages : 14
Book Description
Abstract: "Persistence has long been difficult to integrate into operating systems. The main problem is that pointers lose their meaning once they are taken out of their address-space. We present a distributed system which has a single address-space encompassing all virtual memory of every node in the system. This design has become possible (and practicable) with the advent of 64-bit microprocessors. In our system, every pointer retains its meaning independent of its location, even across nodes or on secondary storage. No restrictions are imposed on the use of pointers by application programs. Hence persistence is naturally and elegantly integrated into the system. Further features are uniform addressing and unlimited sharing of data, and memory protection based on password capabilities, making the system easy to use. A reliable paging protocol ensures that the impact of node crashes on other parts of the system is minimised."
Author: Abhishek Bhattacharjee Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3031017579 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
This book provides computer engineers, academic researchers, new graduate students, and seasoned practitioners an end-to-end overview of virtual memory. We begin with a recap of foundational concepts and discuss not only state-of-the-art virtual memory hardware and software support available today, but also emerging research trends in this space. The span of topics covers processor microarchitecture, memory systems, operating system design, and memory allocation. We show how efficient virtual memory implementations hinge on careful hardware and software cooperation, and we discuss new research directions aimed at addressing emerging problems in this space. Virtual memory is a classic computer science abstraction and one of the pillars of the computing revolution. It has long enabled hardware flexibility, software portability, and overall better security, to name just a few of its powerful benefits. Nearly all user-level programs today take for granted that they will have been freed from the burden of physical memory management by the hardware, the operating system, device drivers, and system libraries. However, despite its ubiquity in systems ranging from warehouse-scale datacenters to embedded Internet of Things (IoT) devices, the overheads of virtual memory are becoming a critical performance bottleneck today. Virtual memory architectures designed for individual CPUs or even individual cores are in many cases struggling to scale up and scale out to today's systems which now increasingly include exotic hardware accelerators (such as GPUs, FPGAs, or DSPs) and emerging memory technologies (such as non-volatile memory), and which run increasingly intensive workloads (such as virtualized and/or "big data" applications). As such, many of the fundamental abstractions and implementation approaches for virtual memory are being augmented, extended, or entirely rebuilt in order to ensure that virtual memory remains viable and performant in the years to come.
Author: Thomas Anderson Publisher: ISBN: 9780985673529 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Over the past two decades, there has been a huge amount of innovation in both the principles and practice of operating systems Over the same period, the core ideas in a modern operating system - protection, concurrency, virtualization, resource allocation, and reliable storage - have become widely applied throughout computer science. Whether you get a job at Facebook, Google, Microsoft, or any other leading-edge technology company, it is impossible to build resilient, secure, and flexible computer systems without the ability to apply operating systems concepts in a variety of settings. This book examines the both the principles and practice of modern operating systems, taking important, high-level concepts all the way down to the level of working code. Because operating systems concepts are among the most difficult in computer science, this top to bottom approach is the only way to really understand and master this important material.
Author: Marshall Kirk McKusick Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional ISBN: 0133761835 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 926
Book Description
The most complete, authoritative technical guide to the FreeBSD kernel’s internal structure has now been extensively updated to cover all major improvements between Versions 5 and 11. Approximately one-third of this edition’s content is completely new, and another one-third has been extensively rewritten. Three long-time FreeBSD project leaders begin with a concise overview of the FreeBSD kernel’s current design and implementation. Next, they cover the FreeBSD kernel from the system-call level down–from the interface to the kernel to the hardware. Explaining key design decisions, they detail the concepts, data structures, and algorithms used in implementing each significant system facility, including process management, security, virtual memory, the I/O system, filesystems, socket IPC, and networking. This Second Edition • Explains highly scalable and lightweight virtualization using FreeBSD jails, and virtual-machine acceleration with Xen and Virtio device paravirtualization • Describes new security features such as Capsicum sandboxing and GELI cryptographic disk protection • Fully covers NFSv4 and Open Solaris ZFS support • Introduces FreeBSD’s enhanced volume management and new journaled soft updates • Explains DTrace’s fine-grained process debugging/profiling • Reflects major improvements to networking, wireless, and USB support Readers can use this guide as both a working reference and an in-depth study of a leading contemporary, portable, open source operating system. Technical and sales support professionals will discover both FreeBSD’s capabilities and its limitations. Applications developers will learn how to effectively and efficiently interface with it; system administrators will learn how to maintain, tune, and configure it; and systems programmers will learn how to extend, enhance, and interface with it. Marshall Kirk McKusick writes, consults, and teaches classes on UNIX- and BSD-related subjects. While at the University of California, Berkeley, he implemented the 4.2BSD fast filesystem. He was research computer scientist at the Berkeley Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG), overseeing development and release of 4.3BSD and 4.4BSD. He is a FreeBSD Foundation board member and a long-time FreeBSD committer. Twice president of the Usenix Association, he is also a member of ACM, IEEE, and AAAS. George V. Neville-Neil hacks, writes, teaches, and consults on security, networking, and operating systems. A FreeBSD Foundation board member, he served on the FreeBSD Core Team for four years. Since 2004, he has written the “Kode Vicious” column for Queue and Communications of the ACM. He is vice chair of ACM’s Practitioner Board and a member of Usenix Association, ACM, IEEE, and AAAS. Robert N.M. Watson is a University Lecturer in systems, security, and architecture in the Security Research Group at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory. He supervises advanced research in computer architecture, compilers, program analysis, operating systems, networking, and security. A FreeBSD Foundation board member, he served on the Core Team for ten years and has been a committer for fifteen years. He is a member of Usenix Association and ACM.
Author: Graham N.C. Kirby Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 354042735X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 329
Book Description
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on Persistent Object Systems, POS-9, held in Lillehammer, Norway, in September 2001. The 19 revised full papers presented together with seven session overviews and an epilogue were selected during two rounds of reviewing and revision for inclusion in the proceedings. Among the topics addressed are persistence-enabled optimization, Java applications, JVM, systems architecture, persistent GIS, data sharing middleware, polylingual persistence, transactions, distributed object systems, object stores, garbage collectors, WWW and persistence, persistent computation implementation, orthogonally persistent Java, and personal information devices.
Author: Eric J. Koldinger
Author: Eric J. Koldinger
Author: Gernot Heiser
Author: Ilmin Kim
Author: Abhishek Bhattacharjee
Author: Thomas Anderson
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Author: Marshall Kirk McKusick
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Author: Donald B. White
Author: Graham N.C. Kirby