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Author: Emmanuel S. Antonarakis Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3038427403 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "AR Signaling in Human Malignancies: Prostate Cancer and Beyond" that was published in Cancers
Author: Emmanuel S. Antonarakis Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3038427403 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 245
Book Description
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "AR Signaling in Human Malignancies: Prostate Cancer and Beyond" that was published in Cancers
Author: Eric Gregory Bluemn Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 180
Book Description
Continued reliance of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) on androgen receptor (AR) signaling has spurred the development of novel, potent antiandrogen therapeutics. The clinical use of successively more potent antiandrogens will likely generate CRPC that is independent of AR-driven pathways for survival. This is corroborated by an increase in AR-null neuroendocrine-like prostate cancers (NEPCa) following extended androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). However, there are currently no models of epithelial-like Androgen Pathway-Independent Prostate Cancer (APIPC) that have been generated from previously AR-positive models. We took a two-step approach to study APIPC in more detail: Aim 1) Utilize high-throughput functional genomics to screen for genes/pathways regulating ligand-independent CRPC growth and Aim 2) Develop a cell-line model of APIPC from an AR-positive cell line through Total Androgen Pathway Suppression, and identify the emergent growth pathway sufficient for androgen pathway-independent growth. In Aim 1 we identified a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit (PPP2R2C) as a suppressor of CRPC growth. Using in vitro molecular biology we demonstrated that loss of PPP2R2C promotes non-AR-mediated castration-resistant growth in previously androgen-dependent cell lines. We also found that PPP2R2C expression is downregulated in primary and metastatic prostate tumors compared to benign prostate epithelia. Furthermore, investigation of retrospective outcomes from patients surgically treated for primary prostate cancer indicated that low PPP2R2C expression is associated with a poor prognosis. Aim 2 successfully led to the development of an APIPC model cell line that does not express AR or androgen-regulated genes, and relies on an autocrine growth pathway for androgen-free survival. Furthermore, it does not express markers of neuroendocrine prostate cancer, a well-defined AR-null prostate cancer variant. By analyzing a panel of human metastases, we were able to identify a subset of tumors that also do not express AR, androgen-regulated genes, or markers of neuroendocrine prostate cancer. These data suggest that metastatic prostate tumors can compensate for total loss of androgen receptor signaling by deregulating alternative growth and survival pathways in vitro and in vivo. Our results identify signaling pathways that may be targeted to inhibit the development of AR-null disease.
Author: Alexander Birbrair Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030471896 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on how different signaling pathways are important in the tumor microenvironment. Multiple signaling pathways are covered, including Src, Neuregulin, Adenosine, TGFβ, Androgen, Wnt, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, these books update us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. Tumor Microenvironment: Signaling Pathways – Part B is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.
Author: Mostafa Z. Badr Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030783154 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 676
Book Description
Nuclear receptors are ligand activated transcription factors that control numerous biological functions. Consequently, altering activity of these receptors is proposed, and indeed documented, to affect many physiological and pathological conditions in experimental animals and humans. Thus, nuclear receptors have become a major target in the effort to treat numerous diseases. This book will shed light on and emphasize intricate processes involved in designing as well as discovering physiological and pharmacological modulators of these important proteins. World-renowned scientists will share with the reader their professional expertise and extensive experience acquired through decades working with nuclear receptors. Chapters address the various means and consequences of modulating nuclear receptor activity will be presented and discussed. These modulators cover a wide span of moieties ranging from synthetic chemicals to natural products. In addition, the classification of these chemicals ranges from pan agonists to selective agonists and inverse agonists to antagonists. They also include proteolytic means to obliterate the receptor in the event that modulating its activity through canonical pharmacological agents becomes less effective and/or less desirable due to anticipated or experienced toxicities. Modulation of receptor activity may also take place in the absence of a ligand or through manipulating the structure of the receptor itself by controlling posttranslational events.
Author: Jerome F. Strauss Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 032358232X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1379
Book Description
Now celebrating its 40th anniversary, Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology, 8th Edition, by Drs. Jerome F. Strauss III, Robert L. Barbieri, and Antonio R. Gargiulo, keeps you up to date with the latest information on the diagnosis and management of the full range of female and male reproductive disorders. This cornerstone text thoroughly covers both basic science and clinical practice, making it a one-stop reference for all reproductive issues, including impaired fertility, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, problems of sexual development, menstrual disturbances, fibroids, endometriosis, female and male reproductive aging, fertility preservation, assisted reproduction technologies including ovarian stimulation and ovulation induction, transgender hormonal treatment, and contraception. Every chapter has been completely revised and updated to reflect important changes in this fast-moving field. - Covers key topics such as the role of genetics in reproductive endocrinology, environmental factors in reproductive endocrinology, and recent advances in surgical procedures. - Features full-color, high-quality illustrations that clearly depict basic anatomic structures, endocrine processes, and cell function and dysfunction. - Provides the knowledge and expertise of global experts who draw on the latest developments in the field to keep you abreast of current science and practice in endocrinology. Coverage includes molecular, cellular, and genetic concepts and their relevance to pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy. - Features new bulleted lists under major headings in each chapter for quick, at-a-glance summaries of every section. - Includes a new online video library that highlights surgical procedures, diagnostic imaging, and functional ultrasound imaging. Videos cover Disorders of Sex Development, Endometriosis, Benign Uterine Disorders, Gamete and Embryo Manipulation, and Fertility Preservation. - Expert ConsultTM eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Author: Chandi C. Mandal Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2889634086 Category : Languages : en Pages : 116
Book Description
This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Author: Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad Publisher: Frontiers Media SA ISBN: 2832530389 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 433
Book Description
Cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease often caused by different alterations. The development of human cancer is due to the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic modifications that could affect the structure and function of the genome. High-throughput methods (e.g., microarray and next-generation sequencing) can investigate a tumor at multiple levels: i) DNA with genome-wide association studies (GWAS), ii) epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone changes and microRNAs (miRNAs) iii) mRNA. The availability of public datasets from different multi-omics data has been growing rapidly and could facilitate better knowledge of the biological processes of cancer. Computational approaches are essential for the analysis of big data and the identification of potential biomarkers for early and differential diagnosis, and prognosis.
Author: Emmanuel S. Antonarakis
Author: Emmanuel S. Antonarakis
Author: Emmanuel Antonarakis
Author: Eric Gregory Bluemn
Author: Alexander Birbrair
Author: Manfred Wirth
Author: R. C. Sobti
Author: Mostafa Z. Badr
Author: Jerome F. Strauss
Author: Chandi C. Mandal
Author: Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad