Application of Solid Phase Microextraction with Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry as a Rapid, Reliable, and Safe Method for Field Sampling and Analysis of Chemical Warfare Agent Precursors PDF Download

Author: Douglas K. Parrish
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Book Description
Solid phase microextraction was combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) for detection of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the headspace above deionized (DI) water samples, with linear results that were sensitive to below Department of Defense short-term drinking water standards. HCN and several common volatile organic contaminants were also detected in 3 water types in a laboratory and field setting. The method provides an advantage over the standard drinking water detection methods for HCN as it can also simultaneously detect common low molecular weight hydrocarbons. Linear results were achieved for the detection of diisopropylamine (DIPA) by SPME-GC-MS in soil from 0.72 - 3584.5 micrograms DIPA/g soil and in DI water from 0.018 - 17.9 microgram/milliliter. The methods were successfully field tested with common hydrocarbon contaminants in 3 common agricultural soil types and 3 water types. In particular, this methodology would be useful for investigation of a suspected VX nerve agent production facility. Solid phase dynamic extraction (SPDE) was compared to passive SPME for vapor sampling of DIPA and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) with analysis by fast GC-MS. Equilibrium sampling by SPDE for DIPA and DMMP vapor provided linear results at lower concentrations and gave larger extracted ion peak areas than comparable SPME sampling. This unique application has shown great potential for further laboratory and field use, both for health risk assessment and initial chemical detection employment.

Author: Gary L. Hook
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 107

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Book Description

Author: Richard A. Crocombe
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1119636418
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 608

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Book Description
Provides complete and up-to-date coverage of the foundational principles, enabling technologies, and specific instruments of portable spectrometry Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry: Volume One is both a timely overview of the miniature technologies used in spectrometry, and an authoritative guide to the specific instruments employed in a wide range of disciplines. This much-needed resource is the first comprehensive work to describe the enabling technologies of portable spectrometry, explain how various handheld and portable instruments work, discuss their potential limitations, and provide clear guidance on optimizing their utility and accuracy in the field. In-depth chapters—written by a team of international authors from a wide range of disciplinary backgrounds—have been carefully reviewed both by the editors and by third-party experts to ensure their quality and completeness. Volume One begins with general discussion of portable spectrometer engineering before moving through the electromagnetic spectrum to cover x-ray fluorescence (XRF), UV-visible, near-infrared, mid-infrared, and Raman spectroscopies. Subsequent chapters examine microplasmas, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and a variety of portable mass spectrometry instrument types. Featuring detailed chapters on DNA instrumentation and biological analyzers—topics of intense interest in light of the global coronavirus pandemic—this timely volume: Provides comprehensive coverage of the principles and instruments central to portable spectroscopy Includes contributions by experienced professionals working in instrument companies, universities, research institutes, the military, and hazardous material teams Discusses special topics such as smartphone spectroscopy, optical filter technology, stand-off detection, and MEMS/MOEMS technology Covers elemental spectroscopy, optical molecular spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and molecular and imaging technologies Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry: Volume One is an indispensable resource for developers of portable instruments, civilian and government purchasers and operators, and teachers and students of portable spectroscopy. When combined with Volume Two, which focuses on the multitude of applications of portable instrumentation, Portable Spectroscopy and Spectrometry provides the most thorough coverage of the field currently available.

Author: Constantinos K. Zacharis
Publisher: MDPI
ISBN: 303928262X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Book Description
This book covers the most recent research activities and achievements regarding to the solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique. It is a powerful sample preparation tool that addresses the new challenges of analytical laboratories. Among others, its fundamental applications involved the sampling of volatile compounds from various matrixes. The demonstrated topics ranged from aroma characterization of various fruits, essential oils to the utilization of SPME for in-tube extraction and isolation of selected compounds from complex samples followed by state-of-the-art analytical techniques.

Author: Janusz Pawliszyn
Publisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0123914493
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 497

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Book Description
The relatively new technique of solid phase microextraction (SPME) is an important tool to prepare samples both in the lab and on-site. SPME is a "green" technology because it eliminates organic solvents from analytical laboratory and can be used in environmental, food and fragrance, and forensic and drug analysis. This handbook offers a thorough background of the theory and practical implementation of SPME. SPME protocols are presented outlining each stage of the method and providing useful tips and potential pitfalls. In addition, devices and fiber coatings, automated SPME systems, SPME method development, and In Vivo applications are discussed. This handbook is essential for its discussion of the latest SPME developments as well as its in depth information on the history, theory, and practical application of the method. Practical application of Solid Phase Microextraction methods including detailed steps Provides history of extraction methods to better understand the process Suitable for all levels, from beginning student to experienced practitioner

Author: Sue Ann Wercinski
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781439832387
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 274

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Book Description
An explanation of proven methods of chemical analysis, focusing on the myriad applications of solid phase microextraction (SPME) to laboratories performing high-sample throughput, quick sample turnaround time, low detection levels, and dirty sample matrices. It supplies commentary on developments in SPME technology from its inventor, Janusz Pawliszyn.

Author: Janusz Pawliszyn
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 9780471190349
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Book Description
Gesetzliche Auflagen und ökonomische Erwägungen steigern den Bedarf an Propenpräparations- und -extraktionstechniken, die ohne toxische organische Lösungsmittel auskommen. Die hier erstmals in Buchform veröffentlichte Festphasen-Mikroextraktion (SPME) ist ein neuartiges Verfahren, das diesen Anforderungen entspricht und gegenwärtig apparativ umgesetzt wird. Der Erfinder selbst, ein international anerkannter Pionier auf dem Gebiet der lösungsmittelfreien Extraktion, erklärt theoretische Hintergründe und praktische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. SPME ist einfach, kostengünstig, automatisierbar, zeit- und analytsparend. Interessant für Analytiker in Industrie und Forschung, für Spurenanalytik, Umwelt- und pharmazeutische Chemie.

Author: Gangfeng Ouyang
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 366253598X
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 313

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Book Description
This book offers comprehensive information on the developments and applications of the solid phase microextraction (SPME) technique. The first part of the book briefly introduces readers to the fundamentals of SPME, while subsequent sections describe the applications of SPME technique in detail, including environmental analysis (air, water, soil/sediments), food analysis (volatile/nonvolatile compounds), and bioanalysis (plants, animal tissues, body fluids). The advantages and future challenges of the SPME technique are also discussed. Including recent research advances and further developments of SPME, the book offers a practical reference guide and a valuable resource for researchers and users of SPME techniques. The target audience includes analytical chemists, environmental scientists, biological scientists, material scientists, and analysts, as well as students at universities/institutes in related fields. Dr. Gangfeng Ouyang is a Professor at the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, China. Dr. Ruifen Jiang is an Associate Professor at the School of Environment, Jinan University, China.

Author: Janusz Pawliszyn
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 1839166800
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 663

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Book Description
Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) is a flexible and convenient sampling and sample preparation technique that extracts different kinds of analytes, including both volatile and non-volatile, without the use of a solvent. The technique facilitates fast, simple and automated determination of target analytes in a range of matrices. As it offers a green methodology, it is growing in popularity as an alternative tool in analytical chemistry to traditional methods. This book follows on in spirit from the editors' previous title, Applications of Solid Phase Microextraction and will introduce the reader to breakthrough methodologies and cutting edge applications. Although it assumes a good degree of SPME knowledge, an overview of the fundamentals is given before taking the reader through an update of the field. The reader will learn the basic principles and advantages of different SPME formats including the stir bar extraction techniques, thin film SPME, Bio-SPME, and new trends in different coatings. Applications in complex media, including food analysis, drug residues and bioanalysis are covered. Bringing together leading sample preparation academics from around the world, the editor has put together an informative new book, suitable for analytical chemists and practitioners utilising SPME tools in their research.

Author: Janusz Pawliszyn
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN: 9780854045259
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 680

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Book Description
Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) has been introduced as a modern alternative to current sample preparation technology, and has a wide range of applications. Focusing on quantitative aspects of analysis, Applications of Solid Phase Microextraction aims to describe these applications. In industry, practical uses of SPME can be found in environmental, food, pharmaceutical, clinical and forensic applications, all of which are described in this book. Important scientific applications such as reaction monitoring, characterization of coatings and distributions of analytes in natural multiphase systems are also discussed. Throughout there are descriptions of new technologies, including new coatings and interfaces for analytical instrumentation (SPME/LC and SPME/CE), automation and calibration processes. Written by internationally recognised experts, edited by the scientist involved in the research since its infancy, and encompassing a wide range of applications, this book will be ideal for anyone wishing to explore the feasibility of using SPME technology.