Annotated Bibliography on Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Ground-level Ozone PDF Download

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author:
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
ISBN: 1428902805
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 57

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Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309046319
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525

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Despite more than 20 years of regulatory efforts, concern is widespread that ozone pollution in the lower atmosphere, or troposphere, threatens the health of humans, animals, and vegetation. This book discusses how scientific information can be used to develop more effective regulations to control ozone. Rethinking the Ozone Problem in Urban and Regional Air Pollution discusses: The latest data and analysis on how tropospheric ozone is formed. How well our measurement techniques are functioning. Deficiencies in efforts to date to control the problem. Approaches to reducing ozone precursor emissions that hold the most promise. What additional research is needed. With a wealth of technical information, the book discusses atmospheric chemistry, the role of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in ozone formation, monitoring and modeling the formation and transport processes, and the potential contribution of alternative fuels to solving the tropospheric ozone problem. The committee discusses criteria for designing more effective ozone control efforts. Because of its direct bearing on decisions to be made under the Clean Air Act, this book should be of great interest to environmental advocates, industry, and the regulatory community as well as scientists, faculty, and students.

Author: Air Pollution Technical Information Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 644

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Author: Ralf Koppmann
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 0470994150
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 512

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Every day, large quantities of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are emitted into the atmosphere from both anthropogenic and natural sources. The formation of gaseous and particulate secondary products caused by oxidation of VOCs is one of the largest unknowns in the quantitative prediction of the earth’s climate on a regional and global scale, and on the understanding of local air quality. To be able to model and control their impact, it is essential to understand the sources of VOCs, their distribution in the atmosphere and the chemical transformations which remove these compounds from the atmosphere. In recent years techniques for the analysis of organic compounds in the atmosphere have been developed to increase the spectrum of detectable compounds and their detection limits. New methods have been introduced to increase the time resolution of those measurements and to resolve more complex mixtures of organic compounds. Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere describes the current state of knowledge of the chemistry of VOCs as well as the methods and techniques to analyse gaseous and particulate organic compounds in the atmosphere. The aim is to provide an authoritative review to address the needs of both graduate students and active researchers in the field of atmospheric chemistry research.

Author: Air Pollution Technical Information Center
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Air
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Because of the complexity of urban ozone (O3) formation, photochemical modeling and ambient data analysis are now needed to provide feedback regarding the effectiveness of O3 control strategies. However, procedures for diagnosing the O3 sensitivity to nitrogen oxides (NOx) or volatile organic compounds (VOC) based on ambient data analysis still require further development and testing. This dissertation presents the results of an experimental investigation into the usefulness of using a combination of observational-driven techniques to determine the O3-NOx-VOC sensitivity in urban areas. Afternoon O3/NOy, O3/NOz and NOy (where NOy represents the total oxidized nitrogen species and NOz represents the reaction products of NOx) photochemical indicators were measured in two dissimilar cities: Cincinnati, Ohio (U.S.A.) and Mexico City, Federal District (Mexico). The evaluation the photochemical indicator analysis diagnosed VOC-sensitive conditions in both cities. The prevalence of these conditions, were confirmed with a complementary statistical analysis of the differences in average weekend/weekday O3 peak and morning NO emissions (WE/WD effect). The comparative assessment of the factors determining the O3-NOx-VOC sensitivity in Cincinnati and Mexico City revealed strong differences on population, urban characteristics, topography, precursors emissions densities, and magnitude of VOC emissions, but an apparent similarity in NOx emissions between these two urban areas. However, measured maximum O3 were high in Mexico City as compared to Cincinnati. This phenomenon could be explained as the result of the higher VOC emissions and stronger VOC reactivity in Mexico City than in Cincinnati. A comparative assessment between the photochemical indicators method and the VOC/NOx emission ratio to diagnose O3-NOx-VOC sensitivity demonstrated the consistency of the first approach to perform this identification under severe conditions of O3 formation. The O3 air quality management implications were, due to the predominating VOC-sensitive conditions, that additional reductions in NOx emissions, stipulated by previous model-based O3 control strategies now in progress in both areas, should be avoided or at least thoroughly reviewed. Otherwise, O3 levels might increase. This research demonstrates that the combination of the photochemical indicators method with the analyses of the WE/WD effect can be a useful tool in the development and evaluation of O3 air quality management strategies.

Author: Canada. Atmospheric Environment Service
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Atmospheric ozone
Languages : en
Pages : 38

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Author: Paige Hunter
Publisher: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN:
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 306

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The complete guide to the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. With increased regulatory pressures on air pollution emissions, there is a growing need for innovative control technologies in a wide range of industries. This timely and authoritative book explores the science, technology, economics, and applications specific to the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. Engineer Paige Hunter joins forces with S. Ted Oyama, an expert in VOC control and a renowned ozone chemist, to present a thorough review of both conventional and emerging techniques for the treatment of VOC-containing streams. They provide detailed technical descriptions, up-to-date cost data on processes, and practical information for industry professionals on how to apply the techniques in diverse fields. Coverage includes: * Comparisons of the major conventional control methods for the treatment of VOC-containing streams * The new technologies of membrane filtration, ultraviolet oxidation, and corona destruction * The cutting-edge technology of catalytic ozonation, suitable for retrofitting existing processes or control systems * International aspects of air pollution and VOC control * A comprehensive listing of hazardous air pollutants (HAPSs) and VOCs * Dozens of illustrations and photographs as well as references to Internet resources

Author: Elena Paoletti
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889666034
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 105

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