Analysis of Value Chains in the Western Balkan Economies PDF Download

Author: Monika Matusiak
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789276494898
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Mr.Nadeem Ilahi
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513519166
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 75

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In the past 25 years, exports have contributed strongly to growth and economic convergence in many small open economies. However, the Western Balkan (WB) region, consisting of small emerging market economies, has not fully availed itself of this driver of growth and convergence. A lack of openness, reliance on low value products, and weak competitiveness largely explain the insignificant role of trade and exports in the region’s economic performance. This paper focuses on how the countries in the WB could lift exports through stronger integration with global value chains (GVCs) and broadening of services exports. The experience of countries that joined the European Union in or after 2004 shows that participation in GVCs can help small economies accelerate export and income growth. WB countries are not well integrated into Europe’s vibrant GVCs. Trade within the region is also limited—it tends to be bilateral and not cluster-like. Our analysis shows that by improving infrastructure and labor skills and adopting trade policies that ensure investor protection and harmonize regulations and legal provisions, the region can greatly enhance its engagement with GVCs. Services exports are an increasingly important part of global trade, and they offer an untapped source of growth. The magnitude of services exports from the WB region compares favorably with that of peers in Europe, particularly in travel services where several of these countries have a revealed comparative advantage. But there is significant room for growth in tourism exports and an untapped potential in business and information technology services exports that these countries can materialize through policy efforts that increase openness and enhance connectivity and labor skills. Serbia offers a good example of how decisive efforts, including education policies to ensure a sustained supply of skilled labor, can help information technology services exports to take off.

Author: Zsoka Koczan
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1475594755
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 26

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The boom and bust in capital flows to the New Member States of the European Union have received a considerable amount of attention; foreign direct investment and bank flows to the region and countries’ participation in regional supply chains have been well-documented. Relatively little has, however, been written about capital flows to the Western Balkans economies, which are often perceived to be ‘late arrivals’ to large capital flows. This paper aims to examine how capital flows to the Western Balkans compare with flows to the New Member States, in terms of levels as well as dynamics. We find that while financial integration took off somewhat later in the Western Balkans than in the New Member States, it has increased rapidly, despite still much lower capital account openness. Capital inflows as a share of GDP are comparable to those observed in the New Member States, (perhaps surprisingly) diverse in terms of source countries and broadly similar in composition, though with equity shares higher than they were in the New Member States at comparable levels of GDP per capita.

Author: Sanjay Kathuria
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821374737
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 184

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This title explores ways for the Western Balkan countries to improve growth prospects through deepening of regional integration and improving selected elements of their investment climate. It analyzes areas relating to trade in goods and services, regional integration, and selected aspects of the investment climate. It suggests that countries in the region could reap sustained growth payoffs by focusing on deepening regional integration, improving human capital, reducing telecommunication costs and pre-empting energy shortages.

Author: Sarah Faust
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781536177282
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 321

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Understanding Value Chains first examines the process of the institutionalization of the main theoretical foundations of the global value chain since its conception in the academic field and, subsequently, in international organizations. The authors analyse the evolution of Mode 5 services jobs and salaries in the EU, assessing whether there are signs of functional upgrading and how it affects female jobs and the gender pay gap. The coffee global value chain is broken down into five segments: primary production, processing, trade, roasting, and marketing. An investigation of 34 Indonesian provinces was conducted in an effort to reformulate the policies relating to circular sustainable reverse logistics. Four new components: vision, mission, and managerial orientation; infrastructure capabilities; human resource and organizational commitment; and regulation are used to assess the readiness of each level of government. The authors discuss how, as the UK had no trade agreement with the African, Caribbean, and Pacific countries immediately after the referendum vote, this transition period presents an excellent opportunity to negotiate a new trade agreement. Value chain analysis is used to help understand how Guyana participates in the gold value chain, and to help develop appropriate policies to address its supply-side limitations. Guinéa-Bissau's position in the cashew value chain is assessed, and recommendations to address challenges are proposed. This compilation presents the agricultural value chain framework, introducing the main ideas of the system dynamics methodology and demonstrating the application of system dynamics modeling to a real-world case.

Author: Reiner Osbild
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319936654
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 176

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This book explores the economic and social development of the Western Balkan region, a group of six countries that are potential candidates for EU membership. It focuses on the key economic issues facing these countries, including the challenge of promoting economic growth, limiting public deficits and debt, and fostering international trade relations. Given the severe impact of the recent economic crisis on social welfare in the region, it also investigates the nature and extent of social exclusion, a factor likely to produce future political instabilities if not effectively addressed by a return to sustainable economic growth. The contributions explore these issues in light of the major influence of EU policy instruments and advice, which are currently guiding the economies along an accession trajectory to future EU membership.

Author: Suzana Milosevic
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789276361855
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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The overall objective of this report is to identify and conduct analysis of short food supply chains (SFSCs) among small farmers in the Western Balkans and Turkey. The report's analyses are based on the primary data collected from 397 smallholder farmers through semi-structured interviews in all Western Balkan countries/territories (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia) and Turkey. The report analyses shed light on several issues related to smallholders and SFSCs, such as types of sales channels used by small farmers for selling their products; the level of information about and knowledge of the SFSC; contractual arrangements applied; the use of food safety and quality standards; best practices of and barriers to small farmers' participation in SFSCs; the role of SFSCs in promoting environmentally friendly farming practices; the role of SFSCs in promoting the economic viability of small farms; and the role of agricultural policy in supporting small farmers' access to SFSCs. Based on these analyses, the report also derives policy recommendations. Overall, the report concludes that SFSCs are an attractive way of adding value to primary food production and improving small farmers' livelihoods in the Western Balkans and Turkey. Key policy measures that could boost small farmers' participation in short value chains are improvement of advisory services; provision of investment support targeted to small farmers and SFSCs; better access to finance; and enhanced support for cooperation and bottom-up initiatives for partnerships.

Author: Meine Pieter van Dijk
Publisher: Amsterdam University Press
ISBN: 9089643605
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 281

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Mondiale waardeketens zijn het complexe netwerk van activiteiten tussen lokale producent en eindgebruiker. "Global value chains" schetst de invloed van deze waardeketens op lokaal, nationaal en internationaal niveau. Het boek geeft eerst een theoretisch en wetenschappelijk kader. Vervolgens krijgt de lezer een compleet beeld van de betekenis van mondiale waardeketens aan de hand van diverse casestudies, zoals de bierbrouwindustrie in Ghana, de Namibische bio-industrie, de industrie van halfgeleiders in China en Maleisië en het toerisme in Tanzania.

Author: Christina Teipen
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 303087320X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 607

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This book investigates how global value chain governance, public institutions and strategies in the area of industrial policy and industrial relations by stakeholders such as national or global trade unions, governments, companies or international NGOs shape upgrading in the Global South. A special feature is its interdisciplinarity, combining sociological, economic, legal and political dimensions. Case studies systematically compare different industry trajectories. Furthermore, it encompasses far-reaching insights into the role of global value chains for development, economic catching-up of countries and socio-political aspects such as working conditions and interest representation.

Author: Hubert Schmitz
Publisher: International Labour Organization
ISBN: 9789221177388
Category : Globalization
Languages : en
Pages : 92

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