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Author: George R. Smolak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aeronautics Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
Analytical techniques are presented that permit the calculation of heat-transfer rates with various thermal-protection systems for liquid-cryogenic-propellant tanks subjected to on-board, solar, and planetary heat fluxes. The effectiveness of these protection systems in reducing propellant heating is shown both for ideal heat-transfer models and for a simplified hydrogen-oxygen terminal state used for typical Mars missions.
Author: George R. Smolak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aeronautics Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
Analytical techniques are presented that permit the calculation of heat-transfer rates with various thermal-protection systems for liquid-cryogenic-propellant tanks subjected to on-board, solar, and planetary heat fluxes. The effectiveness of these protection systems in reducing propellant heating is shown both for ideal heat-transfer models and for a simplified hydrogen-oxygen terminal state used for typical Mars missions.
Author: George R. Smolak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aeronautics Languages : en Pages : 39
Book Description
Analytical techniques are presented that permit the calculation of heat-transfer rates with various thermal-protection systems for liquid-cryogenic-propellant tanks subjected to on-board, solar, and planetary heat fluxes. The effectiveness of these protection systems in reducing propellant heating is shown both for ideal heat-transfer models and for a simplified hydrogen-oxygen terminal state used for typical Mars missions.
Author: George R. Smolak Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aeronautics Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
Analytical techniques are presented that permit the calculation of heat-transfer rates with various thermal-protection systems for liquid-cryogenic-propellant tanks subjected to on-board, solar, and planetary heat fluxes. The effectiveness of these protection systems in reducing propellant heating is shown both for ideal heat-transfer models and for a simplified hydrogen-oxygen terminal state used for typical Mars missions.
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781721026593 Category : Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Analytical and experimental studies conducted at the NASA, Langley Research Center (LaRC) for investigating integrated cryogenic propellant tank systems for a reusable launch vehicle (RLV) are described. The cryogenic tanks are investigated as an integrated tank system. An integrated tank system includes the tank wall, cryogenic insulation, thermal protection system (TPS) attachment sub-structure, and TPS. Analysis codes are used to size the thicknesses of cryogenic insulation and TPS insulation for thermal loads, and to predict tank buckling strengths at various ring frame spacings. The unique test facilities developed for the testing of cryogenic tank components are described. Testing at cryogenic and high-temperatures verifies the integrity of materials, design concepts, manufacturing processes, and thermal/structural analyses. Test specimens ranging from the element level to the subcomponent level are subjected to projected vehicle operational mechanical loads and temperatures. The analytical and experimental studies described in this paper provide a portion of the basic information required for the development of light-weight reusable cryogenic propellant tanks.Johnson, Theodore F. and Natividad, Roderick and Rivers, H. Kevin and Smith, Russell W.Langley Research CenterCRYOGENICS; PROPELLANT TANKS; REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLES; STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS; THERMAL PROTECTION; TEST FACILITIES; TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION; SINGLE STAGE TO ORBIT VEHICLES; LIQUID OXYGEN; HONEYCOMB STRUCTURES; BUCKLING; SYSTEMS INTEGRATION
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aerospace planes Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
Summarizes the history and operational experience of thermal protection systems utilized in the national space program, and also covers development efforts in thermal insulation, refractory materials and coatings, actively cooled structures, and two-phase thermal control systems.
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781721657704 Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
The use of foam insulation on the External Tank (ET) was necessitated by the potentially hazardous build up of ice on the vehicle prior to and during launch. This use of foam was initiated on the Saturn V rocket, which, like the Space Shuttle, used cryogenic fuel. Two major types of foam have been used on the ET. The first type is NCFI 24-124, an acreage material that is automatically sprayed on in a controlled environment. It replaced CPR 488 in 1998 and has been used since that time. The other major foams, BX-250 or BX-265, are handsprayed foams that are used to close out regions where the various sections of the ET are attached. The objectives of the present report are to study the chemistries of the various foam materials and to determine how physical and mechanical anomalies might occur during the spray and curing process. To accomplish these objectives, the report is organized as follows. First, the chemistries of the raw materials will be discussed. This will be followed by a discussion of how chemistry relates to void formation. Finally, a TGA-MS will be used to help understand the various foams and how they degrade with the evolution of chemical by-products. Weiser, Erik S. and SaintClair, Terry L. and Nemeth, Michael P. Langley Research Center NASA/TM-2004-213238/PT1, L-19034/PT1
Author: Committee on Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology and Test Program Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309588960 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 99
Book Description
The key to opening the use of space to private enterprise and to broader public uses lies in reducing the cost of the transportation to space. More routine, affordable access to space will entail aircraft-like quick turnaround and reliable operations. Currently, the space Shuttle is the only reusable launch vehicle, and even parts of it are expendable while other parts require frequent and extensive refurbishment. NASA's highest priority new activity, the Reusable Launch Vehicle program, is directed toward developing technologies to enable a new generation of space launchers, perhaps but not necessarily with single stage to orbit capability. This book assesses whether the technology development, test and analysis programs in propulsion and materials-related technologies are properly constituted to provide the information required to support a December 1996 decision to build the X-33, a technology demonstrator vehicle; and suggest, as appropriate, necessary changes in these programs to ensure that they will support vehicle feasibility goals.
Author: George R. Smolak
Author: George R. Smolak![Analysis of Thermal-protection Systems for Space-vehicle Cryogenic-propellant Tanks [with List of References] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/DYWuwgEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
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Author: George R. Smolak
Author: George R. Smolak
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
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Author: Richard L. DeWitt
Author: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Author: Committee on Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology and Test Program