Analysis of Teleseismic P Wave Amplitude and Coda Variations for Underground Explosions PDF Download
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Author: Thorne Lay Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
This report presents the results of four investigations which have as their common goal, the development and application of techniques for determining near-source contributions to the observed variations in short-period P wave amplitudes, travel times, waveforms and coda for underground explosions. A waveform modeling analysis of long-period teleseismic SH and SV waves from two large underground explosions at the Southern Novaya Zemlya test site indicates that the appropriate equivalent double couple orientation for the tectonic release is vertical strike slip. complete waveform modeling of the SV signals using the method of Baag and Langston allows us to distinguish between the strike slip and 45 deg. dipping thrust geometries. The resulting mechanism and associated F-factors indicate that teleseismic P waves from these events are probably not strongly affected by tectonic release radiation, consistent with the previous coda and P wave amplitude analysis we conducted under our previous contract. (rh).
Author: Thorne Lay Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 127
Book Description
This report presents the results of four investigations which have as their common goal, the development and application of techniques for determining near-source contributions to the observed variations in short-period P wave amplitudes, travel times, waveforms and coda for underground explosions. A waveform modeling analysis of long-period teleseismic SH and SV waves from two large underground explosions at the Southern Novaya Zemlya test site indicates that the appropriate equivalent double couple orientation for the tectonic release is vertical strike slip. complete waveform modeling of the SV signals using the method of Baag and Langston allows us to distinguish between the strike slip and 45 deg. dipping thrust geometries. The resulting mechanism and associated F-factors indicate that teleseismic P waves from these events are probably not strongly affected by tectonic release radiation, consistent with the previous coda and P wave amplitude analysis we conducted under our previous contract. (rh).
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 140
Book Description
This report presents the results of an investigation of near-source effects on teleseismic P-wave and early P-wave coda spectra for underground explosions. The underlying objective of this research has been to determine whether the differential behavior of P and P coda can be exploited to remotely determine near-source properties such as overburden velocity, burial depth, and degree of saturation. The report also contains a review paper on the pP phase, focussed on assessing the various methodologies that have been used to determine pP parameters and trying to reconcile the existing discrepancies in various estimates. The final section of the report is an encyclopedia article on the role of seismological monitoring of nuclear testing treaties. Energy radiated upward from underground nuclear explosions has a complex interaction with the free surface that strongly influences the seismic wavefields recorded at teleseismic and regional distances. This interaction, differing from that for earthquakes primarily due to the much higher strains and strain rates involved, is essential to understand for both explosion yield estimation and event discrimination. Reflection of explosion P wave energy from the free surface, which produces the pP phase, involves frequency-dependent, non-linear processes that are intimately linked to surface spallation.
Author: Brian W. Barker Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 65
Book Description
Large samples of teleseismic P wave amplitude and waveform data recorded from Shagan River underground explosions have been collected and systematically analyzed in an attempt to identify any effects which may correlate with the amount of tectonic release accompanying these explosions. Results of these analyses indicate that these teleseismic P wave data do not provide any unambiguous evidence of effects of tectonic release in the short-period range of interest in m sub b determination. However, the results of a preliminary theoretical analysis indicate that such negative evidence is not definitive in that there are plausible models of tectonic release for which no detectable variations in the observed teleseismic P waveforms are theoretically expected to result from the superposition of these two sources. At the same time, such models of tectonic release predict significant positive bias in the network-averaged m sub b values for explosions accompanied by the mode of tectonic release traditionally associated with the Shagan River test site. Thus, the currently available seismic data do not exclude the possibility that tectonic release may be introducing a positive bias of as much as several tenths of a magnitude unit into the network-averaged m sub b values computed for some Shagan River explositons. Keywords: Explosion seismology; Threshold Test Ban Treaty; Network; USSR; Global Digital Seismic; Seismic body waves; Nuclear explosion detection; Radiation patterns.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 81
Book Description
Large samples of teleseismic P wave data recorded from Shagan River underground explosions have been systematically analyzed in an attempt to develop a better quantitative understanding of the sources of m sub b variability observed for these explosions. Results indicate that large differences in station-corrected m sub b residuals between explosions in close proximity are associated with changes in the near-source proximity are associated with changes in the near-source P wave propagation paths to teleseismic distances. Projection of the m sub b residuals from seismic stations in continental Europe back into the corresponding P wave initiation area near the source reveals the existence of an anomalous volume of material located northwest of the test site at a depth of about 100 km. This anomalous volume apparently defocuses energy out of paths to certain stations and redirects this energy into the paths to other stations. Presumably this anomalous volume corresponds to some sharp lateral variation in physical properties, in particular P wave velocity at this depth. Available geological maps indicate no surface expression of this anomaly. In some cases, the observed patterns of m sub b residual variation can be correlated with semilar patterns of variation in either spectral composite, coda complexity or arrival times of the P wave signals. The sense of these variations in such that enhanced high frequency energy, decreased coda complexity and delayed arrival times are all associated with positive shift in the m sub b residuals.
Author: Thorne Lay
Author: Thorne Lay
Author: Thorne Lay
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Author: Brian W. Barker
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