Author: Shizuhiko Nishisato
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317781937
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 379
Book Description
Quantification methodology of categorical data is a popular topic in many branches of science. Most books, however, are either too advanced for those who need it, or too elementary to gain insight into its potential. This book fills the gap between these extremes, and provides specialists with an easy and comprehensive reference, and others with a complete treatment of dual scaling methodology -- starting with motivating examples, followed by an introductory discussion of necessary quantitative skills, and ending with different perpsectives on dual scaling with examples, advanced topics, and future possibilities. This book attempts to successively upgrade readers' readiness for handling analysis of qualitative, categorical, and non-metric data, without overloading them. The writing style is very friendly, and difficult topics are always accompanied by simple illlustrative examples. There are a number of topics on dual scaling which were previously addressed only in journal articles or in publications that are not readily available. Integration of these topics into the standard framework makes the current book unique, and its extensive coverage of relevant topics is unprecedented. This book will serve as both reference and textbook for all those who want to analyze categorical data effectively.
Elements of Dual Scaling
Author: Shizuhiko Nishisato
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317781937
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 379
Book Description
Quantification methodology of categorical data is a popular topic in many branches of science. Most books, however, are either too advanced for those who need it, or too elementary to gain insight into its potential. This book fills the gap between these extremes, and provides specialists with an easy and comprehensive reference, and others with a complete treatment of dual scaling methodology -- starting with motivating examples, followed by an introductory discussion of necessary quantitative skills, and ending with different perpsectives on dual scaling with examples, advanced topics, and future possibilities. This book attempts to successively upgrade readers' readiness for handling analysis of qualitative, categorical, and non-metric data, without overloading them. The writing style is very friendly, and difficult topics are always accompanied by simple illlustrative examples. There are a number of topics on dual scaling which were previously addressed only in journal articles or in publications that are not readily available. Integration of these topics into the standard framework makes the current book unique, and its extensive coverage of relevant topics is unprecedented. This book will serve as both reference and textbook for all those who want to analyze categorical data effectively.
Publisher: Psychology Press
ISBN: 1317781937
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 379
Book Description
Quantification methodology of categorical data is a popular topic in many branches of science. Most books, however, are either too advanced for those who need it, or too elementary to gain insight into its potential. This book fills the gap between these extremes, and provides specialists with an easy and comprehensive reference, and others with a complete treatment of dual scaling methodology -- starting with motivating examples, followed by an introductory discussion of necessary quantitative skills, and ending with different perpsectives on dual scaling with examples, advanced topics, and future possibilities. This book attempts to successively upgrade readers' readiness for handling analysis of qualitative, categorical, and non-metric data, without overloading them. The writing style is very friendly, and difficult topics are always accompanied by simple illlustrative examples. There are a number of topics on dual scaling which were previously addressed only in journal articles or in publications that are not readily available. Integration of these topics into the standard framework makes the current book unique, and its extensive coverage of relevant topics is unprecedented. This book will serve as both reference and textbook for all those who want to analyze categorical data effectively.
Analysis of Categorical Data
Author: Shizuhiko Nishisato
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Categorical data. Dual scaling and its history. Overview. Formulation. Optimization. Statistical tests. Multidimensional analysis. Duality. Other approaches to dual scaling. Basic characteristics and mathematical structure. Contingency (Two-Item) and response-frequency tables. Special problems. Applications. Response-pattern table: multiple-choice (n-ITEM) data. Special problems. Partially optimal scaling. Comparisons of option weighting and item weighting. General rank order data. Statistical tests. Ties, missing responses, and order effects. Applications. Multidimensional tables. General procedure. Applications. Miscellaneous topics. Treatment of ordered categories. Analysis of variance of categorical data. Missing responses. Concluding remarks. Matrix calculus. Basic concepts and operations of matrix algebra. Systems of linear equations. Orthogonal transformation and eigenvalues. Notation for matrix differentiation. Examples of matrix representation.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 300
Book Description
Categorical data. Dual scaling and its history. Overview. Formulation. Optimization. Statistical tests. Multidimensional analysis. Duality. Other approaches to dual scaling. Basic characteristics and mathematical structure. Contingency (Two-Item) and response-frequency tables. Special problems. Applications. Response-pattern table: multiple-choice (n-ITEM) data. Special problems. Partially optimal scaling. Comparisons of option weighting and item weighting. General rank order data. Statistical tests. Ties, missing responses, and order effects. Applications. Multidimensional tables. General procedure. Applications. Miscellaneous topics. Treatment of ordered categories. Analysis of variance of categorical data. Missing responses. Concluding remarks. Matrix calculus. Basic concepts and operations of matrix algebra. Systems of linear equations. Orthogonal transformation and eigenvalues. Notation for matrix differentiation. Examples of matrix representation.
Visualization of Categorical Data
Author: Jörg Blasius
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080543626
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 615
Book Description
A unique and timely monograph, Visualization of Categorical Data contains a useful balance of theoretical and practical material on this important new area. Top researchers in the field present the books four main topics: visualization, correspondence analysis, biplots and multidimensional scaling, and contingency table models.This volume discusses how surveys, which are employed in many different research areas, generate categorical data. It will be of great interest to anyone involved in collecting or analyzing categorical data.* Correspondence Analysis* Homogeneity Analysis* Loglinear and Association Models* Latent Class Analysis* Multidimensional Scaling* Cluster Analysis* Ideal Point Discriminant Analysis* CHAID* Formal Concept Analysis* Graphical Models
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0080543626
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 615
Book Description
A unique and timely monograph, Visualization of Categorical Data contains a useful balance of theoretical and practical material on this important new area. Top researchers in the field present the books four main topics: visualization, correspondence analysis, biplots and multidimensional scaling, and contingency table models.This volume discusses how surveys, which are employed in many different research areas, generate categorical data. It will be of great interest to anyone involved in collecting or analyzing categorical data.* Correspondence Analysis* Homogeneity Analysis* Loglinear and Association Models* Latent Class Analysis* Multidimensional Scaling* Cluster Analysis* Ideal Point Discriminant Analysis* CHAID* Formal Concept Analysis* Graphical Models
The Statistical Analysis of Categorical Data
Author: Erling B. Andersen
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364297225X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 533
Book Description
The aim of this book is to give an up to date account of the most commonly uses statist i cal models for categoriCal data. The emphasis is on the connection between theory and appIications to real data sets. The book only covers models for categorical data. Various n:t0dels for mixed continuous and categorical data are thus excluded. The book is written as a textbook, although many methods and results are quite recent. This should imply, that the book can be used for a graduate course in categorical data analysis. With this aim in mind chapters 3 to 12 are concluded with a set of exer eises. In many cases, the data sets are those data sets, which were not included in the examples of the book, although they at one point in time were regarded as potential can didates for an example. A certain amount of general knowledge of statistical theory is necessary to fully benefit from the book. A summary of the basic statistical concepts deemed necessary pre requisites is given in chapter 2. The mathematical level is only moderately high, but the account in chapter 3 of basic properties of exponential families and the parametric multinomial distribution is made as mathematical preeise as possible without going into mathematical details and leaving out most proofs.
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 364297225X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 533
Book Description
The aim of this book is to give an up to date account of the most commonly uses statist i cal models for categoriCal data. The emphasis is on the connection between theory and appIications to real data sets. The book only covers models for categorical data. Various n:t0dels for mixed continuous and categorical data are thus excluded. The book is written as a textbook, although many methods and results are quite recent. This should imply, that the book can be used for a graduate course in categorical data analysis. With this aim in mind chapters 3 to 12 are concluded with a set of exer eises. In many cases, the data sets are those data sets, which were not included in the examples of the book, although they at one point in time were regarded as potential can didates for an example. A certain amount of general knowledge of statistical theory is necessary to fully benefit from the book. A summary of the basic statistical concepts deemed necessary pre requisites is given in chapter 2. The mathematical level is only moderately high, but the account in chapter 3 of basic properties of exponential families and the parametric multinomial distribution is made as mathematical preeise as possible without going into mathematical details and leaving out most proofs.
The SAGE Handbook of Quantitative Methodology for the Social Sciences
Author: David Kaplan
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483365875
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529
Book Description
Click ′Additional Materials′ for downloadable samples "The 24 chapters in this Handbook span a wide range of topics, presenting the latest quantitative developments in scaling theory, measurement, categorical data analysis, multilevel models, latent variable models, and foundational issues. Each chapter reviews the historical context for the topic and then describes current work, including illustrative examples where appropriate. The level of presentation throughout the book is detailed enough to convey genuine understanding without overwhelming the reader with technical material. Ample references are given for readers who wish to pursue topics in more detail. The book will appeal to both researchers who wish to update their knowledge of specific quantitative methods, and students who wish to have an integrated survey of state-of- the-art quantitative methods." —Roger E. Millsap, Arizona State University "This handbook discusses important methodological tools and topics in quantitative methodology in easy to understand language. It is an exhaustive review of past and recent advances in each topic combined with a detailed discussion of examples and graphical illustrations. It will be an essential reference for social science researchers as an introduction to methods and quantitative concepts of great use." —Irini Moustaki, London School of Economics, U.K. "David Kaplan and SAGE Publications are to be congratulated on the development of a new handbook on quantitative methods for the social sciences. The Handbook is more than a set of methodologies, it is a journey. This methodological journey allows the reader to experience scaling, tests and measurement, and statistical methodologies applied to categorical, multilevel, and latent variables. The journey concludes with a number of philosophical issues of interest to researchers in the social sciences. The new Handbook is a must purchase." —Neil H. Timm, University of Pittsburgh The SAGE Handbook of Quantitative Methodology for the Social Sciences is the definitive reference for teachers, students, and researchers of quantitative methods in the social sciences, as it provides a comprehensive overview of the major techniques used in the field. The contributors, top methodologists and researchers, have written about their areas of expertise in ways that convey the utility of their respective techniques, but, where appropriate, they also offer a fair critique of these techniques. Relevance to real-world problems in the social sciences is an essential ingredient of each chapter and makes this an invaluable resource. The handbook is divided into six sections: • Scaling • Testing and Measurement • Models for Categorical Data • Models for Multilevel Data • Models for Latent Variables • Foundational Issues These sections, comprising twenty-four chapters, address topics in scaling and measurement, advances in statistical modeling methodologies, and broad philosophical themes and foundational issues that transcend many of the quantitative methodologies covered in the book. The Handbook is indispensable to the teaching, study, and research of quantitative methods and will enable readers to develop a level of understanding of statistical techniques commensurate with the most recent, state-of-the-art, theoretical developments in the field. It provides the foundations for quantitative research, with cutting-edge insights on the effectiveness of each method, depending on the data and distinct research situation.
Publisher: SAGE Publications
ISBN: 1483365875
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 529
Book Description
Click ′Additional Materials′ for downloadable samples "The 24 chapters in this Handbook span a wide range of topics, presenting the latest quantitative developments in scaling theory, measurement, categorical data analysis, multilevel models, latent variable models, and foundational issues. Each chapter reviews the historical context for the topic and then describes current work, including illustrative examples where appropriate. The level of presentation throughout the book is detailed enough to convey genuine understanding without overwhelming the reader with technical material. Ample references are given for readers who wish to pursue topics in more detail. The book will appeal to both researchers who wish to update their knowledge of specific quantitative methods, and students who wish to have an integrated survey of state-of- the-art quantitative methods." —Roger E. Millsap, Arizona State University "This handbook discusses important methodological tools and topics in quantitative methodology in easy to understand language. It is an exhaustive review of past and recent advances in each topic combined with a detailed discussion of examples and graphical illustrations. It will be an essential reference for social science researchers as an introduction to methods and quantitative concepts of great use." —Irini Moustaki, London School of Economics, U.K. "David Kaplan and SAGE Publications are to be congratulated on the development of a new handbook on quantitative methods for the social sciences. The Handbook is more than a set of methodologies, it is a journey. This methodological journey allows the reader to experience scaling, tests and measurement, and statistical methodologies applied to categorical, multilevel, and latent variables. The journey concludes with a number of philosophical issues of interest to researchers in the social sciences. The new Handbook is a must purchase." —Neil H. Timm, University of Pittsburgh The SAGE Handbook of Quantitative Methodology for the Social Sciences is the definitive reference for teachers, students, and researchers of quantitative methods in the social sciences, as it provides a comprehensive overview of the major techniques used in the field. The contributors, top methodologists and researchers, have written about their areas of expertise in ways that convey the utility of their respective techniques, but, where appropriate, they also offer a fair critique of these techniques. Relevance to real-world problems in the social sciences is an essential ingredient of each chapter and makes this an invaluable resource. The handbook is divided into six sections: • Scaling • Testing and Measurement • Models for Categorical Data • Models for Multilevel Data • Models for Latent Variables • Foundational Issues These sections, comprising twenty-four chapters, address topics in scaling and measurement, advances in statistical modeling methodologies, and broad philosophical themes and foundational issues that transcend many of the quantitative methodologies covered in the book. The Handbook is indispensable to the teaching, study, and research of quantitative methods and will enable readers to develop a level of understanding of statistical techniques commensurate with the most recent, state-of-the-art, theoretical developments in the field. It provides the foundations for quantitative research, with cutting-edge insights on the effectiveness of each method, depending on the data and distinct research situation.
Selected Papers of C.R. Rao
Author: Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 9788122412857
Category : Mathematical statistics
Languages : en
Pages : 520
Book Description
The Volume Five Of Selected Papers Of C.R. Rao Consists Of 32 Papers That Appeared In Various Publications From 1985. These Papers Are Selected To Showcase Some Of The Fundamental Contributions In Characterizations Of Probability Distributions, Density Estimation, Analysis Of Multivariate Familial Data, Correspondence Analysis, Shape And Size Analysis, Signal Detection, Inference Based On Quadratic Entropy, Bootstrap, L-L Norm, Convex Discrepancy Function Etc., Estimation Problems In Univariate And Multivariate Linear Models And Regression Models Using Unified Theory Of Linear Estimation, M-Estimates, Lad Estimates Etc. And Many More Novel Concepts And Ideas With Enormous Potential For Further Research And In Which Active Research Is Being Carried Out.The Highlight Of This Volume Is The Stimulating Retrospection Of Prof. C.R. Rao About His Work Spanning The Last Three Score Years. An Updated Bibliography And A Brief Biographical Profile Of Prof. Rao Are Also Included.These Volumes Are Intended Not Only As A Ready Reference To Most Of Prof. Rao'S Oft Quoted And Used Results But Also To Inspire And Initiate Research Workers To The Broad Spectrum Of Areas In Theoretical And Applied Statistics In Which Prof. Rao Has Contributed.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 9788122412857
Category : Mathematical statistics
Languages : en
Pages : 520
Book Description
The Volume Five Of Selected Papers Of C.R. Rao Consists Of 32 Papers That Appeared In Various Publications From 1985. These Papers Are Selected To Showcase Some Of The Fundamental Contributions In Characterizations Of Probability Distributions, Density Estimation, Analysis Of Multivariate Familial Data, Correspondence Analysis, Shape And Size Analysis, Signal Detection, Inference Based On Quadratic Entropy, Bootstrap, L-L Norm, Convex Discrepancy Function Etc., Estimation Problems In Univariate And Multivariate Linear Models And Regression Models Using Unified Theory Of Linear Estimation, M-Estimates, Lad Estimates Etc. And Many More Novel Concepts And Ideas With Enormous Potential For Further Research And In Which Active Research Is Being Carried Out.The Highlight Of This Volume Is The Stimulating Retrospection Of Prof. C.R. Rao About His Work Spanning The Last Three Score Years. An Updated Bibliography And A Brief Biographical Profile Of Prof. Rao Are Also Included.These Volumes Are Intended Not Only As A Ready Reference To Most Of Prof. Rao'S Oft Quoted And Used Results But Also To Inspire And Initiate Research Workers To The Broad Spectrum Of Areas In Theoretical And Applied Statistics In Which Prof. Rao Has Contributed.
Modern Quantification Theory
Author: Shizuhiko Nishisato
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811624704
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 231
Book Description
This book offers a new look at well-established quantification theory for categorical data, referred to by such names as correspondence analysis, dual scaling, optimal scaling, and homogeneity analysis. These multiple identities are a consequence of its large number of properties that allow one to analyze and visualize the strength of variable association in an optimal solution. The book contains modern quantification theory for analyzing the association between two and more categorical variables in a variety of applicative frameworks. Visualization has attracted much attention over the past decades and given rise to controversial opinions. One may consider variations of plotting systems used in the construction of the classic correspondence plot, the biplot, the Carroll-Green-Schaffer scaling, or a new approach in doubled multidimensional space as presented in the book. There are even arguments for no visualization at all. The purpose of this book therefore is to shed new light on time-honored graphical procedures with critical reviews, new ideas, and future directions as alternatives. This stimulating volume is written with fresh new ideas from the traditional framework and the contemporary points of view. It thus offers readers a deep understanding of the ever-evolving nature of quantification theory and its practice. Part I starts with illustrating contingency table analysis with traditional joint graphical displays (symmetric, non-symmetric) and the CGS scaling and then explores logically correct graphs in doubled Euclidean space for both row and column variables. Part II covers a variety of mathematical approaches to the biplot strategy in graphing a data structure, providing a useful source for this modern approach to graphical display. Part II is also concerned with a number of alternative approaches to the joint graphical display such as bimodal cluster analysis and other statistical problems relevant to quantification theory.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811624704
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 231
Book Description
This book offers a new look at well-established quantification theory for categorical data, referred to by such names as correspondence analysis, dual scaling, optimal scaling, and homogeneity analysis. These multiple identities are a consequence of its large number of properties that allow one to analyze and visualize the strength of variable association in an optimal solution. The book contains modern quantification theory for analyzing the association between two and more categorical variables in a variety of applicative frameworks. Visualization has attracted much attention over the past decades and given rise to controversial opinions. One may consider variations of plotting systems used in the construction of the classic correspondence plot, the biplot, the Carroll-Green-Schaffer scaling, or a new approach in doubled multidimensional space as presented in the book. There are even arguments for no visualization at all. The purpose of this book therefore is to shed new light on time-honored graphical procedures with critical reviews, new ideas, and future directions as alternatives. This stimulating volume is written with fresh new ideas from the traditional framework and the contemporary points of view. It thus offers readers a deep understanding of the ever-evolving nature of quantification theory and its practice. Part I starts with illustrating contingency table analysis with traditional joint graphical displays (symmetric, non-symmetric) and the CGS scaling and then explores logically correct graphs in doubled Euclidean space for both row and column variables. Part II covers a variety of mathematical approaches to the biplot strategy in graphing a data structure, providing a useful source for this modern approach to graphical display. Part II is also concerned with a number of alternative approaches to the joint graphical display such as bimodal cluster analysis and other statistical problems relevant to quantification theory.
Optimal Quantification and Symmetry
Author: Shizuhiko Nishisato
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811691703
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 199
Book Description
This book offers a unique new look at the familiar quantification theory from the point of view of mathematical symmetry and spatial symmetry. Symmetry exists in many aspects of our life—for instance, in the arts and biology as an ingredient of beauty and equilibrium, and more importantly, for data analysis as an indispensable representation of functional optimality. This unique focus on symmetry clarifies the objectives of quantification theory and the demarcation of quantification space, something that has never caught the attention of researchers. Mathematical symmetry is well known, as can be inferred from Hirschfeld’s simultaneous linear regressions, but spatial symmetry has not been discussed before, except for what one may infer from Nishisato’s dual scaling. The focus on symmetry here clarifies the demarcation of quantification analysis and makes it easier to understand such a perennial problem as that of joint graphical display in quantification theory. The new framework will help advance the frontier of further developments of quantification theory. Many numerical examples are included to clarify the details of quantification theory, with a focus on symmetry as its operational principle. In this way, the book is useful not only for graduate students but also for researchers in diverse areas of data analysis.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811691703
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 199
Book Description
This book offers a unique new look at the familiar quantification theory from the point of view of mathematical symmetry and spatial symmetry. Symmetry exists in many aspects of our life—for instance, in the arts and biology as an ingredient of beauty and equilibrium, and more importantly, for data analysis as an indispensable representation of functional optimality. This unique focus on symmetry clarifies the objectives of quantification theory and the demarcation of quantification space, something that has never caught the attention of researchers. Mathematical symmetry is well known, as can be inferred from Hirschfeld’s simultaneous linear regressions, but spatial symmetry has not been discussed before, except for what one may infer from Nishisato’s dual scaling. The focus on symmetry here clarifies the demarcation of quantification analysis and makes it easier to understand such a perennial problem as that of joint graphical display in quantification theory. The new framework will help advance the frontier of further developments of quantification theory. Many numerical examples are included to clarify the details of quantification theory, with a focus on symmetry as its operational principle. In this way, the book is useful not only for graduate students but also for researchers in diverse areas of data analysis.
Data Science and Social Research II
Author: Paolo Mariani
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030512223
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 391
Book Description
The peer-reviewed contributions gathered in this book address methods, software and applications of statistics and data science in the social sciences. The data revolution in social science research has not only produced new business models, but has also provided policymakers with better decision-making support tools. In this volume, statisticians, computer scientists and experts on social research discuss the opportunities and challenges of the social data revolution in order to pave the way for addressing new research problems. The respective contributions focus on complex social systems and current methodological advances in extracting social knowledge from large data sets, as well as modern social research on human behavior and society using large data sets. Moreover, they analyze integrated systems designed to take advantage of new social data sources, and discuss quality-related issues. The papers were originally presented at the 2nd International Conference on Data Science and Social Research, held in Milan, Italy, on February 4-5, 2019.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030512223
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 391
Book Description
The peer-reviewed contributions gathered in this book address methods, software and applications of statistics and data science in the social sciences. The data revolution in social science research has not only produced new business models, but has also provided policymakers with better decision-making support tools. In this volume, statisticians, computer scientists and experts on social research discuss the opportunities and challenges of the social data revolution in order to pave the way for addressing new research problems. The respective contributions focus on complex social systems and current methodological advances in extracting social knowledge from large data sets, as well as modern social research on human behavior and society using large data sets. Moreover, they analyze integrated systems designed to take advantage of new social data sources, and discuss quality-related issues. The papers were originally presented at the 2nd International Conference on Data Science and Social Research, held in Milan, Italy, on February 4-5, 2019.
Measurement, Mathematics and New Quantification Theory
Author: Shizuhiko Nishisato
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 981992295X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Book Description
The purpose of this book is to thoroughly prepare diverse areas of researchers in quantification theory. As is well known, quantification theory has attracted the attention of a countless number of researchers, some mathematically oriented and others not, but all of them are experts in their own disciplines. Quantifying non-quantitative (qualitative) data requires a variety of mathematical and statistical strategies, some of which are quite complicated. Unlike many books on quantification theory, the current book places more emphasis on preliminary requisites of mathematical tools than on details of quantification theory. As such, the book is primarily intended for readers whose specialty is outside mathematical sciences. The book was designed to offer non-mathematicians a variety of mathematical tools used in quantification theory in simple terms. Once all the preliminaries are fully discussed, quantification theory is then introduced in the last section as a simple application of those mathematical procedures fully discussed so far. The book opens up further frontiers of quantification theory as simple applications of basic mathematics.
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 981992295X
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 214
Book Description
The purpose of this book is to thoroughly prepare diverse areas of researchers in quantification theory. As is well known, quantification theory has attracted the attention of a countless number of researchers, some mathematically oriented and others not, but all of them are experts in their own disciplines. Quantifying non-quantitative (qualitative) data requires a variety of mathematical and statistical strategies, some of which are quite complicated. Unlike many books on quantification theory, the current book places more emphasis on preliminary requisites of mathematical tools than on details of quantification theory. As such, the book is primarily intended for readers whose specialty is outside mathematical sciences. The book was designed to offer non-mathematicians a variety of mathematical tools used in quantification theory in simple terms. Once all the preliminaries are fully discussed, quantification theory is then introduced in the last section as a simple application of those mathematical procedures fully discussed so far. The book opens up further frontiers of quantification theory as simple applications of basic mathematics.