Analog Phase Shifter at X-band Frequency PDF Download

Author: Prasanna V. Seshadri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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Book Description
With MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) based communication technologies advancing since thebeginning of this decade like WiMax and LTE, phased arrays using multi antennas, have becomea hot topic of research. Such phased arrays are composed of phase shifters which enable thebeam to be steered in the direction of maximum energy. This thesis focuses on the design of sucha phase shifter to work in the X band frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum. The main useof X band has been in the field of Radar, terrestrial communications as well as forcommunications in space. An Analog phase shifter, based upon I/Q Vector Modulation is first designed using idealcomponents in Agilent ADS. The ideal components which provide a perfect response for thephase shifter are replaced using practical components which affect the output of the phaseshifter. The final design gives an insertion loss in the order of 8 dB and also an error in phasethat is around +/-5 degrees. A possible application for the phase shifter that is designed namely in a receiver with phasedarray antennas is also discussed. This super-heterodyne receiver as a complete system can beintegrated together with the phased array and using a suitable algorithm can focus the main lobeof the phased array antenna in the direction that is desired. Once the system is integrated, it canbe put to practical usage.

Author: Shiban Kishen Koul
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1351021338
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 288

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Book Description
Radio Frequency Micromachined Switches, Switching Networks, and Phase Shifters discusses radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS)-based control components and will be useful for researchers and R&D engineers. It offers an in-depth study, performance analysis, and extensive characterization on micromachined switches and phase shifters. The reader will learn about basic design methodology and techniques to carry out extensive measurements on MEMS switches and phase shifters which include electrical, mechanical, power handling, linearity, temperature stability, reliability, and radio frequency performance. Practical examples included in the book will help readers to build high performance systems/subsystems using micromachined circuits. Key Features Provides simple design methodology of MEMS switches and switching networks including SPST to SP16T switches Gives an in-depth performance study of micromachined phase shifters. Detailed study on reliability and power handling capability of RF MEMS switches and phase shifters presented Proposes reconfigurable micromachined phase shifters Verifies a variety of MEMS switches and phase shifters experimentally

Author: M. Simpson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 39

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Book Description
Efforts were continued on a program to develop waveguide reciprocal latching ferrite phase shifters for the X-band and C-band frequency ranges. The phase shifters are to operate in a digital manner and will contain four bits, namely 180, 90, 45 and 22.5 degrees. Another objective of this program is the design of a highly efficient and stable electronic driver circuit. This circuit is to provide switching of all four bits with an overall efficiency of at least 70%. The phase shifters are to be capable of use in phased array antenna systems. Experimental data of reciprocal phase shift, transmission loss, and impedance match produced by a single bit dielectric loaded double window ferrite toroid situated in the H-plane of ridge and rectangular waveguides at X-band frequencies are presented. Reciprocal phase shift of approximately 90 degrees per inch with transmission loss of about 1.0 db and a variation of phase shift of + or - 15 degrees over the frequency range of 9.0 to 9.7 Gc, has been obtained from the ridge waveguide phase shifter configuration. Experimental data of somewhat lower quality has been produced by the rectangular waveguide phase shifter configuration. (Author).

Author: Y.T. Lo
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9780442015947
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 892

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Book Description
Technology has advanced to such a degree over the last decade that it has been almost impossible to find up-to-date coverage of antennas. Antenna Handbook, edited by two of the world's most distinguished antenna speciallists, presents the most advanced antenna theory and designs and demonstrates their application in a wide variety of technical fields. They offer a staggering amount of in-depth data and analysis on a wide range of topics, supported by formulas, curves, and results, as well as derivations.

Author: Binboga Siddik Yarman
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1000795527
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 557

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Book Description
Design of Digital Phase Shifters for Multipurpose Communication Systems aims to cover a new emerging need in designing digital phase shifters for modern communication systems. With the advancement of new generation mobile communication systems, directed beams save a substantial amount of RF-power, and improve the noise immunity. In this regard, beam-forming circuits, namely, digital phase shifters constitute essential parts the antenna arrays. Therefore, this book is devoted to design of digital phase shifters for various communications systems. In the good old days, phase shifter design requirements used to demand narrow bandwidth with no physical size constraints. Nowadays, they must be compact and suitable for Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits (VLSI) or Microwave Monolithic Integrated Circuit (MMIC) implementation with Wide Phase Range (WPR) and Wide Frequency Band (WFB). Since the 1980s, the author has been designing digital phase shifters for various applications. He started to work with loaded lines phase shifters, and then employed branch line couplers to achieve wider frequency bands. In order to reduce the physical size, he used a 3 element Symmetric LC ladder based T or PI configurations. In order to achieve broad frequency band with large phase range, usage of LC lattice structures is inevitable. Lately, the author designed phase shifters using both lowpass and highpass LC ladder and lattice based switched-structures, which are suitable for monolithic implementation. In the course of design, MOS transistors were employed as switching elements. This book includes several novel digital phase shifter topologies, which provides wide phase range and wideband operation. Technical topics discussed in the book include:- Basic Concept of Antenna Arrays- Concept of Digital Phase Bit- Scattering Parameters to analyze the electric performance of phase shifters- Transmission Lines as circuit elements to construct practical phase shifters- Loaded Line Digital Phase Shifters (DPS)- Lowpass Based T/PI Section DPS- Highpass Based T/PI Section DPS- 3-Element LC T/PI Section DPS- Wide Phase Range, Wide Frequency Band Symmetric Lattice Based DPS For each topology presented, explicit design equations are provided and programs to assess the electric performance of each topology is developed in a MatLab environment. It is expected that the reader will be self-sufficient to design and implement the digital phase shifters topologies presented in this book.

Author: Inder J. Bahl
Publisher: Artech House
ISBN: 1630819336
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 593

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Book Description
Fully updated and including entirely new chapters, this Second Edition provides in-depth coverage of the different types of RF and microwave circuit elements, including inductors, capacitors, resistors, transformers, via holes, airbridges, and crossovers. Featuring extensive formulas for lumped elements, design trade-offs, and an updated and current list of references, the book helps you understand the value and usefulness of lumped elements in the design of RF, microwave and millimeter wave components and circuits. You’ll find a balanced treatment between standalone lumped elements and their circuits using MICs, MMICs and RFICs technologies. You’ll also find detailed information on a broader range RFICs that was not available when the popular first edition was published. The book captures – in one consolidated volume -- the fundamentals, equations, modeling, examples, references and overall procedures to design, test and produce microwave components that are indispensable in industry and academia today. With its superb organization and expanded coverage of the subject, this is a must-have, go-to resource for practicing engineers and researchers in industry, government and university and microwave engineers working in the antenna area. Students will also find it a useful reference with its clear explanations, many examples and practical modeling guidelines.

Author: Donald C. Benson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Microwave filters
Languages : en
Pages : 139

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Book Description
A novel technique for effecting phase shift of X-band signals has been developed and analyzed for use with quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) of signals in a phased array application, and the impact of this phase shifter on error vector magnitude (EVM) has been quantified. A commercially available filter consisting of yttrium iron garnet (YIG) spheres was characterized by means of a network analyzer. The gain and phase response was measured across a 25 MHz frequency band centered at 10 GHz, while the filter was tuned in frequency steps such that a 360° range of phase shifts was achieved. The S-parameters from these measurements were integrated with Matlab representations of QAM-16 modulation, demodulation, and phased array antennas to model a complete radio system. The EVM caused by non-ideal gain and phase response of the YIG filter was determined for various beam angles and data patterns. It was found that a YIG filter does provide stable phase shift suitable for phased array applications, with acceptable attenuation so long as the frequency being transmitted remains within the filter's pass band. The particular filter analyzed did not contain sufficient stages to maintain 3 dB flatness across the required 360° tuning range, but performed satisfactorily for a limited range of beam orientation. The capability to provide continuously variable phase shift offered by the YIG filter was found to not offer significant advantage over the discrete steps produced by switched delay lines.

Author: Spartak Gevorgian
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1848825072
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 405

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Book Description
Today’s wireless communications and information systems are heavily based on microwave technology. Current trends indicate that in the future along with - crowaves, the millimeter wave and Terahertz technologies will be used to meet the growing bandwidth and overall performance requirements. Moreover, motivated by the needs of the society, new industry sectors are gaining ground; such as wi- less sensor networks, safety and security systems, automotive, medical, envir- mental/food monitoring, radio tags etc. Furthermore, the progress and the pr- lems in the modern society indicate that in the future these systems have to be more user/consumer friendly, i. e. adaptable, reconfigurable and cost effective. The mobile phone is a typical example which today is much more than just a phone; it includes a range of new functionalities such as Internet, GPS, TV, etc. To handle, in a cost effective way, all available and new future standards, the growing n- ber of the channels and bandwidth both the mobile handsets and the associated systems have to be agile (adaptable/reconfigurable). The complex societal needs have initiated considerable activities in the field of cognitive and software defined radios and triggered extensive research in adequate components and technology platforms. To meet the stringent requirements of these systems, especially in ag- ity and cost, new components with enhanced performances and new functionalities are needed. In this sense the components based on ferroelectrics have greater - tential and already are gaining ground.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Technology
Languages : en
Pages : 548

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Book Description

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Book Description
The focus of this work was to drive the size and insertion loss of MEMS based phase shifters to an absolute minimum. The work is based on single pole, 4-throw (SP4T) MEMS switches. These novel switches were then applied on the development of low-loss, miniature 2-bit and 4-bit phase shifters. All designs are carried out on 8-mil thick GaAs substrates, a similar substrate typically used for X-band amplifier designs. Measurements indicate an insertion loss of -0.6 dB at 10 GHz for the 2-bit design, and excellent linear phase response and return loss from DC to 18 GHz. The chip area is 9.6 mm2, and is the smallest reported to-date. The 2-bit phase shifter performed well from DC-18 GHz, with -0.8dB insertion loss at 18 GHz and a return loss of