Author: Ma Dolores Herrero Tomás Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : es Pages :
Book Description
El estudio que a continuación se desarrolla pretende realizar una comparativa de costes entre los diferentes modos de transporte público urbano. El estudio elaborado considera los principales modos que discurren por las ciudades, concretamente: autobús convencional, autobús propulsado por energías limpias (GNL, híbrido y eléctrico), BRT, tranvía y metro. El transporte público cuenta de inicio con unos costes más elevados que el transporte privado y, en muchas ocasiones, las tarifas cobradas a los usuarios no son suficientes para cubrir dicho coste. En cambio, su capacidad de transporte hace que sea un tipo de transporte mucho más sostenible ya que reduce las emisiones a la atmósfera además de contribuir a una menor congestión en las ciudades. Dada la situación económica actual, el análisis de los costes forma una parte importante y resulta imprescindible una correcta planificación para, de este modo, utilizar los recursos necesarios en cada caso. Los costes asociados al transporte público se encuentran compuestos por cuatro tipos de subcostes: - Costes de inversión: Se producen al inicio, con la creación de la línea de transporte. - Costes de operación: Son asumidos por el propio operador y dependen en gran medida de la actividad y el servicio ofrecido. - Coses de usuario: Los asumen los propios usuarios del sistema y están asociados al tiempo empleado en realizar un desplazamiento origen-destino. - Costes externos y otros costes sociales: Aquellos que repercuten sobre toda la sociedad y no únicamente sobre los agentes que los producen, como por ejemplo la contaminación o los accidentes. Por tanto, la expresión a optimizar queda de la forma: Coste = Z=ZINV+ZOP+ZU+ZE Siendo: ZINV: Costes de inversión (€) ZOP: Costes de operación (€) ZU: Costes de usuario (€) ZE: Costes externos (€).
Author: Peter Hall Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ISBN: 9780631199434 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 502
Book Description
Cities of Tomorrow is a critical history of planning in theory and practice in the twentieth century, as well as of the social and economic problems and opportunities that gave rise to it. Trenchant, perceptive, global in coverage, this book is an unrivalled account of its crucial subject. The third edition of Cities of Tomorrow is comprehensively revised to take account of abundant new literature published since its original appearance, and to view the 1990s in historical perspective. This is the definitive edition, reviewing the development of the modern planning movement over the entire span of the twentieth century.
Author: Jean Gardiner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 294
Book Description
This book offers a radical critique of mainstream, Marxist and feminist economic theories, ranging from the classical liberal economics of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to the feminist debates about domestic labour and patriarchy in the late twentieth century. It explores the increasing importance of household care relations, especially childcare, in shaping the domestic labour process. Trends in household gender relations and working patterns in Britain are explored in the context of political ideas and policies regarding the state, the economy, gender and care.
Author: José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs Publisher: ISBN: 9789221285663 Category : Developed countries Languages : en Pages : 400
Book Description
This book helps connect the dots between economic theory, the role of capabilities, the lessons from history and the practical challenges of design and implementation of industrial policies. In so doing it provides an excellent policy roadmap for anyone interested in the challenge of promoting catch-up growth and productive transformation.
Author: Burton Clark Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education (UK) ISBN: 0335224547 Category : Education Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
·What can be done to ensure universities are well positioned to meet the challenges of the fast moving world of the 21st century? This is the central question addressed by Burton R. Clark in this significant new volume which greatly extends the case studies and concepts presented in his 1998 book, Creating Entrepreneurial Universities. The new volume draws on case studies of fourteen proactive institutions in the UK, Europe, Australia, Latin America, Africa, and the United States that extend analysis into the early years of the twenty-first century. The cumulative international coverage underpins a more fully developed conceptual framework offering insight into ways of initiating and sustaining change in universities. This new conceptual framework shifts attention from transformation to sustainability rooted in a constructed steady state of change and a collegial approach to entrepreneurialism. It contains key elements necessary for universities to adapt successfully to the modern world. Lessons for reform can be drawn directly from both the individual case studies and the general framework. Overall the book offers a new form of university organization that is more self-reliant and manages to combine change with continuity, traditional academic values with new managerial values. Essential reading for university administrators, faculty members, students and researchers analysing higher education, and educational policymakers worldwide, this book advocates a highly proactive approach to university change and specifies a new basis for university self- reliance. Burton R. Clark is Allan M. Cartter Professor Emeritus of Higher Education and Sociology at the University of California, Los Angeles. During his career, he has taught at five leading US universities: Stanford, Harvard, Berkeley, Yale and UCLA. He has published widely on the nature of university organization and the realistic possibilties of reform, linking research for understanding with research for use.
Author: Robert R. Janes Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351251023 Category : Art Languages : en Pages : 406
Book Description
Only a decade ago, the notion that museums, galleries and heritage organisations might engage in activist practice, with explicit intent to act upon inequalities, injustices and environmental crises, was met with scepticism and often derision. Seeking to purposefully bring about social change was viewed by many within and beyond the museum community as inappropriately political and antithetical to fundamental professional values. Today, although the idea remains controversial, the way we think about the roles and responsibilities of museums as knowledge based, social institutions is changing. Museum Activism examines the increasing significance of this activist trend in thinking and practice. At this crucial time in the evolution of museum thinking and practice, this ground-breaking volume brings together more than fifty contributors working across six continents to explore, analyse and critically reflect upon the museum’s relationship to activism. Including contributions from practitioners, artists, activists and researchers, this wide-ranging examination of new and divergent expressions of the inherent power of museums as forces for good, and as activists in civil society, aims to encourage further experimentation and enrich the debate in this nascent and uncertain field of museum practice. Museum Activism elucidates the largely untapped potential for museums as key intellectual and civic resources to address inequalities, injustice and environmental challenges. This makes the book essential reading for scholars and students of museum and heritage studies, gallery studies, arts and heritage management, and politics. It will be a source of inspiration to museum practitioners and museum leaders around the globe.
Author: Paul F. J. Eagles Publisher: CABI ISBN: 0851995896 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
This book describes the state of the art of tourism planning and management in national parks and protected areas. It also provides guidelines for best practice in tourism operations. Other objectives are to: Describe case studies and guidelines that contribute to conservation of biological diversity; consider the role of local communities within or near these areas; outline the development of tourism infrastructure and services; discuss visitor management; provide guidelines to enhance the quality of the tourism experience. The focus is global and the book will appeal to both academics and practitioners.
Author: Marion Jansen Publisher: International Labor Office ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 328
Book Description
An International Labor Office and European Commission publication Although the effect of trade on employment is a popular point of economic debate, there are very few factual assessments available. This book examines the most recent evidence and provides guidance for the design of tools to assess more accurately the employment impacts of trade. Trade and Employment argues for strengthening the micro-foundations of models used to evaluate the employment effects of trade and for including the informal economy and adjustment processes in modeling efforts. It emphasizes the role of governments in helping firms survive or grow, in providing social protection to protect against external shocks, in addressing gender equity, and in building physical infrastructure and human skills bases that facilitate export diversification. It is a valuable resource for all those interested in the debate on the employment effects of trade: workers and employers, academics and policymakers, and trade and labor specialists.
Author: Ma Dolores Herrero Tomás
Author: Peter Hall
Author: Jean Gardiner
Author: 
Author: Stallings
Author: José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs
Author: Burton Clark
Author: Robert R. Janes
Author: Paul F. J. Eagles
Author: Marion Jansen