Author: Michael DaltonPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
An Update on Employment Changes by Employer Size During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Gender and Employment in the COVID-19 Recession: Evidence on “She-cessions”
Author: Mr. John C BluedornPublisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1513575929
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 24
Book Description
Early evidence on the pandemic’s effects pointed to women’s employment falling disproportionately, leading observers to call a “she-cession.” This paper documents the extent and persistence of this phenomenon in a quarterly sample of 38 advanced and emerging market economies. We show that there is a large degree of heterogeneity across countries, with over half to two-thirds exhibiting larger declines in women’s than men’s employment rates. These gender differences in COVID-19’s effects are typically short-lived, lasting only a quarter or two on average. We also show that she-cessions are strongly related to COVID-19’s impacts on gender shares in employment within sectors.
The COVID-19 Pandemic’s Evolving Impacts on the Labor Market
Author: Brad J. HershbeinPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : COVID-19
Languages : en
Pages : 48
Book Description
In this paper, we shed light on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the labor market, and how they have evolved over most of the year 2020. Relying primarily on microdata from the CPS and state-level data on virus caseloads, mortality, and policy restrictions, we consider a range of employment outcomes—including permanent layoffs, which generate large and lasting costs—and how these outcomes vary across demographic groups, occupations, and industries over time. We also examine how these employment patterns vary across different states, according to the timing and severity of virus caseloads, deaths, and closure measures. We find that the labor market recovery of the summer and early fall stagnated in late fall and early winter. As noted by others, we find low-wage and minority workers are hardest hit initially, but that recoveries have varied, and not always consistently, between Blacks and Hispanics. Statewide business closures and other restrictions on economic activity reduce employment rates concurrently but do not seem to have lingering effects once relaxed. In contrast, virus deaths—but not caseloads—not only depress current employment but produce accumulating harm. We conclude with policy options for states to repair their labor markets.
Change at Work
Author: Peter CappelliPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0195356055
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 289
Book Description
A far-reaching transformation is taking place in the US in the relationship between employers and employees. The lessons learned from Japan and from "best practice" companies like IBM about how job security, training, and internal development can improve employee commitment and performance have given way to a new set of lessons about how companies can redue fixed costs, increase flexibility, and improve performance by eliminating the elaborate employment systems that prepared employees for long careers in the company. Where the old arrangement protected employees from outside market forces, the new ones drag the market right back in through downsizing, contingent workforces, hiring on the outside for new skills, and compensation contingent on overall organizational performance. New work systems that reengineer processes and empower employees "flatten" the organizational chart, cutting management jobs in particular and reducing opportunities for career development. The new arrangements shift many of the risks of business from the firm to the employees and make employees, rather than employers, responsible for developing their own skills and careers. They also increase the demands placed on workers while reducing what they receive back for their efforts. While morale is down and stress is up, employee performance seems to be rising largely because of fear driven by the shortage of good jobs. Change at Work explores the theme that employees have paid the price for the widespread restructuring of American firms as illustrated by reduced security, greater effort and hours, and reduced morale. In this important study--commissioned by the National Planning Asociation's Committee on New American Realities--the authors consider how individuals and employers need to adapt to the new arrangements as well as the implicatioons for important policy issues such as how skills will be developed where the attachment to the firms is sharply reduced. The future is uncertain, but the authors argue that the traditional relationship between employer and employee will continue to erode, making this work essential reading for managers concerned with the profound impact corporate restructuring has had on the lives of workers.
Gender Differences in Employment One Year Into the COVID-19 Pandemic
Author: Douwere GrekouPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : COVID-19 (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 13
Book Description
Changes in Employment by Businesses During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Author: Amélie LafrancePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-
Languages : en
Pages : 8
Book Description
This article illustrates the extent to which businesses that were active in February 2020 scaled back their employment during the COVID-19 pandemic. It finds that 70% and 82% of employment declines in March and April 2020, respectively, were attributable to continuing businesses, which scaled back their workforce significantly. While this was observed in businesses of all sizes, small firms with fewer than 100 employees contributed the most to employment declines among both continuing businesses and business closures.
Employment Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic Across Metropolitan Status and Size
Author: Seung Jin ChoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
We examine effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on employment losses across metropolitan area status and population size. Non-metropolitan and metropolitan areas of all sizes experienced significant employment losses, but the impacts are much larger in large metropolitan areas. Employment losses manifest as increased unemployment, labor force withdrawal, and temporary absence from work. We examine the role of individual and local area characteristics in explaining differing employment losses across metropolitan status and size. The local COVID-19 infection rate is a major driver of differences across MSA size. Industry mix and employment density also matter. The pandemic significantly altered urban economic activity.
The Employee and the Post-Pandemic Workplace
Author: Adrián ZicariPublisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1000999351
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description
The UN Sustainable Development Goals, an increasing interest in Environmental, Social and Governance factors, and the unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic have triggered a massive change in how companies and employees view their relationship, the role and meaning of work, and how to adapt to new environments and ways of working. This book covers a key topic for companies and management practice – that of how to create and foster a committed workforce in a post-pandemic era that has seen a radical change in working environments, approaches and employee understanding of her/his career and work-life balance. In this book, leading researchers and practitioners in the field of CSR, management, leadership, and human resources from the schools and corporate partners of the Council on Business & Society provide the latest focuses on the workplace post-pandemic, effectively managing virtual teams, collective and responsible leadership, and insights into policies and processes enhancing employee commitment and performance. Each insight is accompanied by key takeaways, food for thought and further reading, and later followed by micro-case studies. This accessible book will be a valuable resource for scholars, instructors and upper-level students across leadership and human resource management-related disciplines, enabling them to synthesise the knowledge presented for their own context (professional, academic, personal, wider society, and the planet).
COVID-19
Author: Lida R. WeinstockPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Book Description
Employment During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Author: Ou LiuPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
We use monthly Current Population Survey data to document employment changes during the COVID-19 pandemic at the occupation, industry, and metropolitan statistical area (MSA) levels. Over March-April 2020, jobs losses are larger for occupations with higher physical proximity or lower work-from-home feasibility, especially for lower-paying occupations. Nonessential industries also see greater declines in employment. Such occupational and industrial susceptibility to COVID-19 contributes to the variation in employment changes across MSAs: Employment shrinks more for MSAs with larger pre-crisis fractions of workers employed in occupations with higher infection risk. Over April-June 2020, occupations and industries that are hit harder recoup more jobs, but the recovery is only partial. Moreover, the gains are concentrated in lower-paying occupations and a few industries. Taken together, these abrupt changes in employment following the COVID-19 outbreak are unprecedented and potentially have long-term implications for occupational inequality and regional disparity.