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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 11
Book Description
Automated biomonitoring systems provide continuous, real-time monitoring of changes in water quality and can rapidly identify toxicity associated with a wide range of chemical contaminants while increasing public confidence in drinking water quality. Biomonitor use is widespread in Europe but rare in the United States. This paper illustrates how biomonitors can contribute to an early warning monitoring system for source and finished water protection using case studies of a biomonitor that continuously monitors the fish ventilatory patterns integrated with basic water quality parameters. At two water utilities, the biomonitor was operational . 96% of the time. Toxicity alarms occurred for a small diesel oil spill and a probable agricultural chemical release. The case studies provide a context for a discussion of considerations important for biomonitor implementation, including: toxicant responsiveness, event confirmation, implementing biomonitors in a decision-making process, and costs. Recommendations are provided for biomonitor use at raw water intake and in distribution systems.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 11
Book Description
Automated biomonitoring systems provide continuous, real-time monitoring of changes in water quality and can rapidly identify toxicity associated with a wide range of chemical contaminants while increasing public confidence in drinking water quality. Biomonitor use is widespread in Europe but rare in the United States. This paper illustrates how biomonitors can contribute to an early warning monitoring system for source and finished water protection using case studies of a biomonitor that continuously monitors the fish ventilatory patterns integrated with basic water quality parameters. At two water utilities, the biomonitor was operational . 96% of the time. Toxicity alarms occurred for a small diesel oil spill and a probable agricultural chemical release. The case studies provide a context for a discussion of considerations important for biomonitor implementation, including: toxicant responsiveness, event confirmation, implementing biomonitors in a decision-making process, and costs. Recommendations are provided for biomonitor use at raw water intake and in distribution systems.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 1
Book Description
Rapid detection of toxic chemicals in drinking water supplies is complicated by the wide range of potential chemical threats and a limited capability for continuous, real-time monitoring of drinking water contaminants. An automated biomonitoring system has been developed to provide a rapid response to developing toxicity caused by a broad spectrum of individual chemicals or chemical mixtures. The biomonitor detects sublethal changes in fish behavior by continuously tracking the ventilatory rate and depth, cough rate, and whole body movement of eight individual fish (bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus). Key water quality parameters monitored continuously include temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, and conductivity. When changes in fish behavior cause a pre-determined alarm threshold to be exceeded, the biomonitor initiates an automated water sampler to allow follow-on analytical chemistry evaluations and provides immediate notification of appropriate individuals through an autodialer. Software enables access to the ventilatory data from remote locations for alarm follow-up and diagnostic evaluations. Use of two sets of eight fish ensures continuous water monitoring, and routine maintenance is approximately four hours per week. Data for a limited number of chemicals indicate that the biomonitor is likely to respond within an hour to concentrations at or below the 96-h LC50 (the level lethal to half the exposed animals in 4 days). The biomonitor is now being used to continuously monitor source water for a water treatment plant. Biomonitor improvements in progress include a graphical user interface, an expert system to better identify biomonitor responses due to toxicity, and Internet accessibility. The biomonitor complements chemical surveillance techniques by providing continuous, real-time monitoring for unsuspected chemicals, chemical mixtures, and transient events, and by giving early warning of potential toxicity.
Author: John G. Voeller Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118652096 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 163
Book Description
Water Safety and Water Infrastructure Security features articles from the Wiley Handbook of Science and Technology for Homeland Security covering topics related to contamination of drinking water, prevention, monitoring, and decontamination. Emergency response planning for drinking water and wastewater systems are also discussed.
Author: Saeid Eslamian Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1482229153 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 1153
Book Description
Examining the current literature, research, and relevant case studies, presented by a team of international experts, the Urban Water Reuse Handbook discusses the pros and cons of water reuse and explores new and alternative methods for obtaining a sustainable water supply. The book defines water reuse guidelines, describes the historical and curren
Author: Gabriel Bitton Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118743911 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 314
Book Description
Microbiology of Drinking Water Production and Distribution addresses the public health aspects of drinking water treatment and distribution. It explains the different water treatment processes, such as pretreatment, coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, filtration, disinfection, and their impacts on waterborne microbial pathogens and parasites. Drinking water quality may be degraded in water distribution systems—microorganisms form biofilms within distribution systems that allow them to flourish. Various methodologies have been proposed to assess the bacterial growth potential in water distribution systems. Microbiology of Drinking Water Production and Distribution also places drinking water quality and public health issues in context; it addresses the effect of bioterrorism on drinking water safety, particularly safeguards that are in place to protect consumers against the microbial agents involved. In addition, the text delves into research on drinking water quality in developing countries and the low-cost treatment technologies that could save lives. The text also examines the microbiological water quality of bottled water, often misunderstood by the public at large.
Author: Michael C. Newman Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1439883122 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 574
Book Description
Each year ecotoxicological problems become increasingly complex and encompass broader spatial and temporal scales. Our practical understanding must evolve accordingly to maintain an acceptable quality of life. Fully revised and expanded to reflect new developments, the third edition of Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology provides a broad overview of the
Author: Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu Publisher: William Andrew ISBN: 0128165049 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 632
Book Description
Nanoparticles in Pharmacotherapy explores the most recent findings on how nanoparticles are used in pharmacotherapy, starting with their synthesis, characterization and current or potential uses. This book is a valuable resource of recent scientific progress that includes the most cutting-edge applications of nanoparticles in pharmacotherapy. It is ideal for researchers, medical doctors and those in academia.
Author: Stanley States Publisher: American Water Works Association ISBN: 1613001045 Category : Sewage disposal plants Languages : en Pages : 317
Book Description
Water and wastewater utility managers will find expert guidance on all issues regarding security and emergency preparedness and response in this book. The terrorist attacks on the US of Sept. 11, 2001, as well as destruction caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, brought heightened concern over the security and emergency preparedness of America's water supply infrastructure--concerns which remain high to this day.
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Author: John G. Voeller
Author: Natalie Linklater
Author: Saeid Eslamian
Author: Gabriel Bitton
Author: Michael C. Newman
Author: Bram van der Gaag
Author: Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
Author: Stanley States