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Author: Gregory R. Bowman Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400776063 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
The aim of this book volume is to explain the importance of Markov state models to molecular simulation, how they work, and how they can be applied to a range of problems. The Markov state model (MSM) approach aims to address two key challenges of molecular simulation: 1) How to reach long timescales using short simulations of detailed molecular models. 2) How to systematically gain insight from the resulting sea of data. MSMs do this by providing a compact representation of the vast conformational space available to biomolecules by decomposing it into states sets of rapidly interconverting conformations and the rates of transitioning between states. This kinetic definition allows one to easily vary the temporal and spatial resolution of an MSM from high-resolution models capable of quantitative agreement with (or prediction of) experiment to low-resolution models that facilitate understanding. Additionally, MSMs facilitate the calculation of quantities that are difficult to obtain from more direct MD analyses, such as the ensemble of transition pathways. This book introduces the mathematical foundations of Markov models, how they can be used to analyze simulations and drive efficient simulations, and some of the insights these models have yielded in a variety of applications of molecular simulation.
Author: Gregory R. Bowman Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400776063 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 148
Book Description
The aim of this book volume is to explain the importance of Markov state models to molecular simulation, how they work, and how they can be applied to a range of problems. The Markov state model (MSM) approach aims to address two key challenges of molecular simulation: 1) How to reach long timescales using short simulations of detailed molecular models. 2) How to systematically gain insight from the resulting sea of data. MSMs do this by providing a compact representation of the vast conformational space available to biomolecules by decomposing it into states sets of rapidly interconverting conformations and the rates of transitioning between states. This kinetic definition allows one to easily vary the temporal and spatial resolution of an MSM from high-resolution models capable of quantitative agreement with (or prediction of) experiment to low-resolution models that facilitate understanding. Additionally, MSMs facilitate the calculation of quantities that are difficult to obtain from more direct MD analyses, such as the ensemble of transition pathways. This book introduces the mathematical foundations of Markov models, how they can be used to analyze simulations and drive efficient simulations, and some of the insights these models have yielded in a variety of applications of molecular simulation.
Author: Christof Schütte Publisher: American Mathematical Soc. ISBN: 0821843591 Category : Mathematics Languages : en Pages : 141
Book Description
Applications in modern biotechnology and molecular medicine often require simulation of biomolecular systems in atomic representation with immense length and timescales that are far beyond the capacity of computer power currently available. As a consequence, there is an increasing need for reduced models that describe the relevant dynamical properties while at the same time being less complex. In this book the authors exploit the existence of metastable sets for constructing such a reduced molecular dynamics model, the so-called Markov state model (MSM), with good approximation properties on the long timescales. With its many examples and illustrations, this book is addressed to graduate students, mathematicians, and practical computational scientists wanting an overview of the mathematical background for the ever-increasing research activity on how to construct MSMs for very different molecular systems ranging from peptides to proteins, from RNA to DNA, and via molecular sensors to molecular aggregation. This book bridges the gap between mathematical research on molecular dynamics and its practical use for realistic molecular systems by providing readers with tools for performing in-depth analysis of simulation and data-analysis methods. Titles in this series are co-published with the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University.
Author: Asghar Razavi Majarashin Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 218
Book Description
This dissertation is focused on the application of Markov State Models on protein folding and designing of small drug-like molecules, as well as application of computational tools on the study of biological processes. The central focus of protein folding is to understand how proteins obtain their unique three-dimensional structure from their aminoacid sequences. The function of protein critically depends on its three- dimensional structure; hence, any internal (such as mutations) or external (such as high temperature) perturbation that obstructs three-dimensional structure of a protein will also interfere with its function. Many diseases are associated with inability of protein to form its unique structure. For example, sickle cell anemia is caused by a single mutation that changes glutamic acid to valine. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations could be utilized to study protein folding and effects of perturbations on protein energy landscape; however, due to its inherent atomic resolution, MD simulations usually provide enormous amount of data even for small proteins. A thorough analysis and extraction of desired information from MD provided data could be extremely challenging and is well beyond human comprehension. Markov state models (MSMs) are proved to be apt for the analysis of large scale random processes and equilibrium conditions, hence it could be applied for protein folding studies. MSMs can be used to obtain long timescale information from short timescale simulations. In other words, the combination of many short simulations and MSMs is a powerful technique to study the folding mechanism of many proteins, even the ones with folding times over millisecond. This dissertation is centered on the use of MSMs and MD simulation in understanding protein folding and biological processes and is constructed as the following. The first chapter provides a brief introduction into MD simulation and the different techniques that could be used to facilitate simulations. Protein folding and its challenges are also discussed in chapter one. Finally, chapter one ends with describing MSMs and technical aspects of building them for protein folding studies. Chapter two is focused on using MD simulations and MSMs to design small protein like molecules to prevent biofilm propagation by disrupting its lifecycle. The biofilm lifecycle and strategy for its interruption is described first. Then, the designed molecules and their conformational sampling by MD simulations are explained. Next, the application of MSMs in obtaining and comparing equilibrium population of all designs are discussed. At the end of chapter two, the molecular descriptions of best designs are explained. Chapter three is focused on the effects of mutations on the energy landscape of a sixteen residue protein from c-terminal hairpin of protein G, GB1. Three mutations, tz4, tz5, and tz6 are discussed, and their folding rates and folding mechanisms are compared with wild-type GB1 using MSMs built from a significantly large MD simulation data set (aggregating over 9 millisecond). Finally, chapter four is focused on the application of MD simulations on understanding the selectivity of Na,K-ATPase, a biologically critical protein that transports sodium ions outside and potassium ions inside against their concentration gradient in almost all eukaryotic cells. Multiple MD approaches, including metadynamics and free energy perturbation methods are used to describe the origins of selectivity for Na,K-ATPase.
Author: Benoit Roux Publisher: World Scientific ISBN: 9811232776 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 209
Book Description
This textbook originated from the course 'Simulation, Modeling, and Computations in Biophysics' that I have taught at the University of Chicago since 2011. The students typically came from a wide range of backgrounds, including biology, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, and mathematics, and the course was intentionally adapted for senior undergraduate students and graduate students. This is not a highly technical book dedicated to specialists. The objective is to provide a broad survey from the physical description of a complex molecular system at the most fundamental level, to the type of phenomenological models commonly used to represent the function of large biological macromolecular machines.The key conceptual elements serving as building blocks in the formulation of different levels of approximations are introduced along the way, aiming to clarify as much as possible how they are interrelated. The only assumption is a basic familiarity with simple mathematics (calculus and integrals, ordinary differential equations, matrix linear algebra, and Fourier-Laplace transforms).
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128211377 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 554
Book Description
Computational Approaches for Understanding Dynamical Systems: Protein Folding and Assembly, Volume 170 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, provides the most topical, informative and exciting monographs available on a wide variety of research topics. The series includes in-depth knowledge on the molecular biological aspects of organismal physiology, with this release including chapters on Pairwise-Additive and Polarizable Atomistic Force Fields for Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Proteins, Scale-consistent approach to the derivation of coarse-grained force fields for simulating structure, dynamics, and thermodynamics of biopolymers, Enhanced sampling and free energy methods, and much more. Includes comprehensive coverage on molecular biology Presents ample use of tables, diagrams, schemata and color figures to enhance the reader's ability to rapidly grasp the information provided Contains contributions from renowned experts in the field
Author: Omar Azzaroni Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527834052 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1801
Book Description
Supramolecular Nanotechnology Provides up-to-date coverage of both current knowledge and new developments in the dynamic and interdisciplinary field of supramolecular nanotechnology In recent years, supramolecular nanotechnology has revolutionized research in chemistry, physics, and materials science. These easily manipulated molecular units enable the synthesis of novel nanomaterials for use in a wide range of current and potential applications including electronics, sensors, drug delivery, and imaging. Supramolecular Nanotechnology presents a state-of-the-art overview of functional self-assembling nanomaterials based on organic and polymeric molecules. Featuring contributions by an international panel of experts in the field, this comprehensive volume covers the design of self-assembled materials, their synthesis and diverse fabrication methods, the characterization of supramolecular architectures, and current and emerging applications in chemistry, biology, and medicine. Detailed chapters discuss the synthesis of peptide-based supramolecular structures and polymeric self-assembling materials, their characterization, advanced microscopy techniques, nanostructures made of porphyrins, polyelectrolytes, silica, their application in catalysis and cancer, atomistic and coarse-grained simulations, and more. Presents cutting-edge research on rationally designed, self-assembled supramolecular structures Discusses the impact of supramolecular nanotechnology on current and future research and technology Highlights applications of self-assembled supramolecular systems in catalysis, biomedical imaging, cancer therapies, and regenerative medicine Provides synthetic strategies for preparing the molecular assemblies and various characterization techniques for assessing the supramolecular morphology Describes theoretical modeling and simulation techniques for analyzing supramolecular nanostructures Supramolecular Nanotechnology: Advanced Design of Self-Assembled Functional Materials is essential reading for materials scientists and engineers, polymer and organic chemists, pharmaceutical scientists, molecular physicists and biologists, and chemical engineers.
Author: Volkhard Helms Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 3527348646 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 436
Book Description
A fundamental guide to the burgeoning field of protein interactions From enzymes to transcription factors to cell membrane receptors, proteins are at the heart of biological cell function. Virtually all cellular processes are governed by their interactions, with one another, with cell bodies, with DNA, or with small molecules. The systematic study of these interactions is called Interactomics, and research within this new field promises to shape the future of molecular cell biology. Protein Interactions goes beyond any existing guide to protein interactions, presenting the first truly comprehensive overview of the field. Edited by two leading scholars in the field of protein bioinformatics, this book covers all known categories of protein interaction, stable as well as transient, as well as the effect of mutations and post-translational modifications on the interaction behavior. Protein Interactions readers will also find: Introductory chapters on protein structure, conformational dynamics, and protein-protein binding interfaces A data-driven approach incorporating machine learning and integrating experimental data into computational models An outlook on the current challenges in the field and suggestions for future research Protein Interactions will serve as a fundamental resource for novice researchers who want a systematic introduction to interactomics, as well as for experienced cell biologists and bioinformaticians who want to gain an edge in this exciting new field.
Author: Steven Taylor Publisher: Steven Taylor ISBN: Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
Markov Models This book will offer you an insight into the Hidden Markov Models as well as the Bayesian Networks. Additionally, by reading this book, you will also learn algorithms such as Markov Chain Sampling. Furthermore, this book will also teach you how Markov Models are very relevant when a decision problem is associated with a risk that continues over time, when the timing of occurrences is vital as well as when events occur more than once. This book highlights several applications of Markov Models. Lastly, after purchasing this book, you will need to put in a lot of effort and time for you to reap the maximum benefits. By Downloading This Book Now You Will Discover: Hidden Markov Models Dynamic Bayesian Networks Stepwise Mutations using the Wright Fisher Model Using Normalized Algorithms to Update the Formulas Types of Markov Processes Important Tools used with HMM Machine Learning And much much more! Download this book now and learn more about Markov Models!
Author: Kristof T. Schütt Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030402452 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 473
Book Description
Designing molecules and materials with desired properties is an important prerequisite for advancing technology in our modern societies. This requires both the ability to calculate accurate microscopic properties, such as energies, forces and electrostatic multipoles of specific configurations, as well as efficient sampling of potential energy surfaces to obtain corresponding macroscopic properties. Tools that can provide this are accurate first-principles calculations rooted in quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics, respectively. Unfortunately, they come at a high computational cost that prohibits calculations for large systems and long time-scales, thus presenting a severe bottleneck both for searching the vast chemical compound space and the stupendously many dynamical configurations that a molecule can assume. To overcome this challenge, recently there have been increased efforts to accelerate quantum simulations with machine learning (ML). This emerging interdisciplinary community encompasses chemists, material scientists, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists, joining forces to contribute to the exciting hot topic of progressing machine learning and AI for molecules and materials. The book that has emerged from a series of workshops provides a snapshot of this rapidly developing field. It contains tutorial material explaining the relevant foundations needed in chemistry, physics as well as machine learning to give an easy starting point for interested readers. In addition, a number of research papers defining the current state-of-the-art are included. The book has five parts (Fundamentals, Incorporating Prior Knowledge, Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations, Atomistic Simulations and Discovery and Design), each prefaced by editorial commentary that puts the respective parts into a broader scientific context.
Author: Gregory R. Bowman
Author: Gregory R. Bowman
Author: Christof Schütte
Author: Asghar Razavi Majarashin
Author: Benoit Roux
Author: 
Author: Daniel E. Atkinson
Author: Omar Azzaroni
Author: Volkhard Helms
Author: Steven Taylor
Author: Kristof T. Schütt