Author: Francesco SastresPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Italian language
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
An introduction to Italian grammar
Author: Francesco SastresPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Italian language
Languages : en
Pages : 370
Book Description
The Eighteenth Century
Author: An Introduction to the Italian Grammar, etc
Author: Francesco SASTRESAn introduction to Italian grammar
Author: Francesco SastresA New Reference Grammar of Modern Spanish
Author: John ButtPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1461583683
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 533
Book Description
(abridged and revised) This reference grammar offers intermediate and advanced students a reason ably comprehensive guide to the morphology and syntax of educated speech and plain prose in Spain and Latin America at the end of the twentieth century. Spanish is the main, usually the sole official language of twenty-one countries,} and it is set fair to overtake English by the year 2000 in numbers 2 of native speakers. This vast geographical and political diversity ensures that Spanish is a good deal less unified than French, German or even English, the latter more or less internationally standardized according to either American or British norms. Until the 1960s, the criteria of internationally correct Spanish were dictated by the Real Academia Espanola, but the prestige of this institution has now sunk so low that its most solemn decrees are hardly taken seriously - witness the fate of the spelling reforms listed in the Nuevas normas de prosodia y ortograjia, which were supposed to come into force in all Spanish-speaking countries in 1959 and, nearly forty years later, are still selectively ignored by publishers and literate persons everywhere. The fact is that in Spanish 'correctness' is nowadays decided, as it is in all living languages, by the consensus of native speakers; but consensus about linguistic usage is obviously difficult to achieve between more than twenty independent, widely scattered and sometimes mutually hostile countries. Peninsular Spanish is itself in flux.
Cebuano for Beginners
Author: Maria V. R. BunyePublisher: University of Hawaii Press
ISBN: 0824879775
Category : Foreign Language Study
Languages : en
Pages : 743
Book Description
The Philippines series of the PALI Language Texts, under the general editorship of Howard P. McKaughan, consists of lesson textbooks, grammars, and dictionaries for seven major Filipino languages.
Death as a Way of Life
Author: Francisco AyalaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Central America
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
Church and State in Spanish Italy
Author: Céline DauverdPublisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1108489850
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 311
Book Description
Examines the relation between imperialism and religion through the practice of good government in Spanish Naples. Ideal for courses on the Renaissance, imperialism, the Spanish world, European history, diplomatic-international relations and the general reader interested in cultural history, Renaissance Italy, social minorities, and religious rituals.
Analogical classification in formal grammar
Author: Matías Guzmán NaranjoPublisher: Language Science Press
ISBN: 3961101868
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
Languages : en
Pages : 256
Book Description
The organization of the lexicon, and especially the relations between groups of lexemes is a strongly debated topic in linguistics. Some authors have insisted on the lack of any structure of the lexicon. In this vein, Di Sciullo & Williams (1987: 3) claim that “[t]he lexicon is like a prison – it contains only the lawless, and the only thing that its inmates have in commonis lawlessness”. In the alternative view, the lexicon is assumed to have a rich structure that captures all regularities and partial regularities that exist between lexical entries.Two very different schools of linguistics have insisted on the organization of the lexicon. On the one hand, for theories like HPSG (Pollard & Sag 1994), but also some versions of construction grammar (Fillmore & Kay 1995), the lexicon is assumed to have a very rich structure which captures common grammatical properties between its members. In this approach, a type hierarchy organizes the lexicon according to common properties between items. For example, Koenig (1999: 4, among others), working from an HPSG perspective, claims that the lexicon “provides a unified model for partial regularties, medium-size generalizations, and truly productive processes”. On the other hand, from the perspective of usage-based linguistics, several authors have drawn attention to the fact that lexemes which share morphological or syntactic properties, tend to be organized in clusters of surface (phonological or semantic) similarity (Bybee & Slobin 1982; Skousen 1989; Eddington 1996). This approach, often called analogical, has developed highly accurate computational and non-computational models that can predict the classes to which lexemes belong. Like the organization of lexemes in type hierarchies, analogical relations between items help speakers to make sense of intricate systems, and reduce apparent complexity (Köpcke & Zubin 1984). Despite this core commonality, and despite the fact that most linguists seem to agree that analogy plays an important role in language, there has been remarkably little work on bringing together these two approaches. Formal grammar traditions have been very successful in capturing grammatical behaviour, but, in the process, have downplayed the role analogy plays in linguistics (Anderson 2015). In this work, I aim to change this state of affairs. First, by providing an explicit formalization of how analogy interacts with grammar, and second, by showing that analogical effects and relations closely mirror the structures in the lexicon. I will show that both formal grammar approaches, and usage-based analogical models, capture mutually compatible relations in the lexicon.
环球英语教程
Author: Stempleski, Susan·斯特姆斯基Publisher:
ISBN: 9787900653918
Category : English language
Languages : zh-CN
Pages : 210
Book Description
本套书英语知识学习与技能训练完美匹配。语法、词汇和知识贯穿全书, 并与语音训练紧密结合。单元A部分侧重听说, B部分侧重读写。本册为第1分册教材用书.