Author: A. J. WoodPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 9
Book Description
An Improved Method for the Determination of Plutonium by Alpha Counting
Author: A. J. WoodAnion Exchange Method for the Determination of Plutonium in Water
Author: Carl Thomas BishopPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Analytical chemistry
Languages : en
Pages : 84
Book Description
An Improved Method for the Determination of Trace Quantities of Plutonium in Aqueous Media
Author: Jacob KooiAdvancements in Plutonium Radio-nuclear Counting
Author: Michael Duncan YohoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 362
Book Description
This work integrates analysis techniques common to destructive nuclear forensics and non-destructive safeguards in the radio-nuclear analysis of plutonium. This work accomplishes this task by applying deconvolution methodologies typical in alpha spectrometry to the analysis of LaBr3:Ce spectra. It further integrates and applies uncertainty methodology common to destructive chemistry laboratories to the nondestructive analysis of plutonium. In pursuit of this aim, an alpha spectrometry deconvolution algorithm is developed capable of determining the 241Am/Pu mass fraction in plutonium with about a 1% uncertainty with a 95% coverage factor. Results agree very well with published alpha spectrometry and mass spectrometry mass ratios. Model ages calculated from the 241Pu/241Am chronometer also agree very well with the historical separation dates for reference materials that have been well purified chemically. A sister program is developed capable of determining plutonium mass ratios in spectra obtained with LaBr3:Ce scintillation detectors. This method is capable of determining the mass ratios with total measurement uncertainties of about 16%, 26%, 10%, and 4% (k = 2) for the mass ratios (relative to 239Pu) for 238Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, and 241Am, respectively for 15 minute duration spectra of reactor grade plutonium obtained at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Results for weapons-grade plutonium are somewhat worse with uncertainties for the mass ratios 240Pu, 241Pu, and 24Am of about 30%, 80% and 10% (k = 2), respectively. The primary issue with this work is a somewhat higher systematic uncertainty for 240Pu content in reactor grade plutonium for spectra taken by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Further, a bottom up uncertainty methodology for plutonium non-destructive [gamma]-ray analysis is developed. Unlike the two primary plutonium analysis codes Fixed Energy Response Function Analysis with Multiple Efficiencies (FRAM) and Multi-Group Analysis (MGA), this methodology propagates uncertainty from many different contributors according to the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM) Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM) supplement 1. It is demonstrated this method yields very high fidelity uncertainties for 238Pu, 239Pu, and 240Pu content in unshielded coaxial spectra in high statistics spectra when compared to a top down analysis. Finally, this work develops a method to determine much improved plutonium photon emission intensities markedly different from the prior art. It is planned to incorporate these improved emission intensity values and derived uncertainties into the GUM uncertainty model for FRAM.
Nuclear Science Abstracts
Author: Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
Author: Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis
Author: Michael F. L'AnnunziataPublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 0323137881
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 810
Book Description
Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis is written by experts in the measurement of radioactivity. The book describes the broad scope of analytical methods available and instructs the reader on how to select the proper technique. It is intended as a practical manual for research which requires the accurate measurement of radioactivity at all levels, from the low levels encountered in the environment to the high levels measured in radioisotope research. This book contains sample preparation procedures, recommendations on steps to follow, necessary calculations, computer controlled analysis, and high sample throughput techniques. Each chapter includes practical techniques for application to nuclear safety, nuclear safeguards, environmental analysis, weapons disarmament, and assays required for research in biomedicine and agriculture. The fundamentals of radioactivity properties, radionuclide decay, and methods of detection are included to provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the analytical procedures described in the book. Therefore, the Handbook can also be used as a teaching text. - Includes sample preparation techniques for matrices such as soil, air, plant, water, animal tissue, and surface swipes - Provides procedures and guidelines for the analysis of commonly encountered na
Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials
Author: Doug ReillyPublisher:
ISBN: 9780160327247
Category : Non-destructive testing
Languages : en
Pages : 700
Book Description
Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis
Author: Michael F. L'AnnunziataPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128143967
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1076
Book Description
Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis: Radiation Physics and Detectors, Volume One, and Radioanalytical Applications, Volume Two, Fourth Edition, constitute an authoritative reference on the principles, practical techniques and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity - everything from the very low levels encountered in the environment, to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, and fuel cycle facilities, and in the implementation of nuclear forensic analysis and nuclear safeguards. It includes sample preparation techniques for all types of matrices found in the environment, including soil, water, air, plant matter and animal tissue, and surface swipes.Users will find the latest advances in the applications of radioactivity analysis across various fields, including environmental monitoring, radiochemical standardization, high-resolution beta imaging, automated radiochemical separation, nuclear forensics, and more. - Spans two volumes, Radiation Physics and Detectors and Radioanalytical Applications - Includes a new chapter on the analysis of environmental radionuclides - Provides the latest advances in the applications of liquid and solid scintillation analysis, alpha- and gamma spectrometry, mass spectrometric analysis, Cherenkov counting, flow-cell radionuclide analysis, radionuclide standardization, aerosol analysis, high-resolution beta imaging techniques, analytical techniques in nuclear forensics, and nuclear safeguards - Describes the timesaving techniques of computer-controlled automatic separation and activity analysis of radionuclides - Provides an extensive table of the radiation characteristics of most radionuclides of interest for the radioanalytical chemist
Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis
Author: Michael F. L'AnnunziataPublisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0123848741
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1419
Book Description
The updated and much expanded 3e of the Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis is an authoritative reference providing the principles, practical techniques, and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity from the very low levels encountered in the environment to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, and fuel cycle facilities and in the implementation of nuclear forensic analysis and nuclear safeguards. The book describes the basic principles of radiation detection and measurement and the preparation of samples from a wide variety of matrices, assists the investigator or technician in the selection and use of appropriate radiation detectors, and presents state-of-the-art methods of analysis. Fundamentals of radiation properties, radionuclide decay, the calculations involved, and methods of detection provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the analytical procedures. The Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis, 3e, is suitable as a teaching text for university and professional training courses. - The only comprehensive reference that describes the principles of detection and practical applications of every type of radioactivity detector currently used. The new 3e is broader in scope, with revised and expanded chapters, new authors, and seven new chapters on Alpha Spectrometry, Radionuclide Standardization, Radioactive Aerosol Measurements, Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring, Marine Radioactivity Analysis, Nuclear Forensic Analysis and Analytical Techniques in Nuclear Safeguards - Discusses in detail the principles, theory and practice applied to all types of radiation detection and measurement, making it useful for both teaching and research