Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Belief and doubt
Languages : en
Pages : 106
Book Description
An Exploratory Study of the Perception of Causality
Author: An Exploratory Study of the Perception of Causality
Author: Lambros HoussiadasPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Causation
Languages : en
Pages : 260
Book Description
The Perception of Causality
Author: Albert MichottePublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1315519038
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 390
Book Description
Originally published in 1963, this is a classic work on the psychology of perception. By means of suitable patterns on a partly concealed rotating disc Michotte was able to give the impression of objects in movement; and where certain conditions of speed, position, and time-interval were satisfied, his subjects received the impression of a causal interaction between two objects – for example, the impression that one object has ‘bumped into’ another (the ‘Launching Effect’) or is carrying it along (the ‘Entraining Effect’). In a further group of experiments Michotte studies the conditions in which moving objects look as though they are alive. A large number of experiments are described, and on the basis of them Michotte formulates a theory as to the conditions in which causal impressions occur. He also compares his own views on causality with those of Hume, Maine de Biran, and Piaget.
A Contribution to the Study of Visual Perception of Mechanical Causality with Exploratory Experiments and a Theoretical Critique (with Special References to the Stimulus Conditions Giving Rise to the Appearance of "elastic Change of Form" and Pushing with Contact").
Author: Lambros HoussiadasAn Exploration Study of the Perception of Causality
Author: Lambros HoussiadasTime and Causality
Author: Marc J. BuehnerPublisher: Frontiers E-books
ISBN: 2889192520
Category : Causation
Languages : en
Pages : 119
Book Description
The problem of how humans and other intelligent systems construct causal representations from non-causal perceptual evidence has occupied scholars in cognitive science for many decades. Most contemporary approaches agree with David Hume that patterns of covariation between two events of interest are the critical input to the causal induction engine, irrespective of whether this induction is believed to be grounded in the formation of associations (Shanks & Dickinson, 1987), rule-based evaluation (White, 2004), appraisal of causal powers (Cheng, 1997), or construction of Bayesian Causal Networks (Pearl, 2000). Recent research, however, has repeatedly demonstrated that an exclusive focus on covariation while neglecting contiguity (another of Hume’s cues) results in ecologically invalid models of causal inference. Temporal spacing, order, variability, predictability, and patterning all have profound influence on the type of causal representation that is constructed. The influence of time upon causal representations could be seen as a bottom-up constraint (though current bottom-up models cannot account for the full spectrum of effects). However, causal representations in turn also constrain the perception of time: Put simply, two causally related events appear closer in subjective time than two (equidistant) unrelated events. This reversal of Hume’s conjecture, referred to as Causal Binding (Buehner & Humphreys, 2009) is a top-down constraint, and suggests that our representations of time and causality are mutually influencing one another. At present, the theoretical implications of this phenomenon are not yet fully understood. Some accounts link it exclusively to human motor planning (appealing to mechanisms of cross-modal temporal adaptation, or forward learning models of motor control). However, recent demonstrations of causal binding in the absence of human action, and analogous binding effects in the visual spatial domain, challenge such accounts in favour of Bayesian Evidence Integration. This Research Topic reviews and further explores the nature of the mutual influence between time and causality, how causal knowledge is constructed in the context of time, and how it in turn shapes and alters our perception of time. We draw together literatures from the perception and cognitive science, as well as experimental and theoretical papers. Contributions investigate the neural bases of binding and causal learning/perception, methodological advances, and functional implications of causal learning and perception in real time.
Mind and Causality
Author: Alberto PeruzziPublisher: John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN: 9027295859
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 247
Book Description
Which causal patterns are involved in mental processes?On what mechanisms does the self-organisation of cognitive structure rest? Can a naturalistic view account for the basic resources of intentionality, while avoiding the objections to reductive materialism? By considering the developmental, phenomenological and biological aspects linking mind and causality, this volume offers a state-of-the art theoretical proposal emphasising the fine-tuning of cognition with the complexity of bodily dynamics.In contrast to the de-coupling of mind from the physical environment in classical information-processing models, growth of brain’s architecture and stabilisation of perception–action cycles are considered decisive, with no need for an eliminative approach to representations pursued by neural network models. The tools provided by physics and biology for the description of massive causal interactions, on top of which ‘qualitative’ changes occur, are exploited to suggest a model of the mind as a many-layered, co-evolving system. (Series A)
Current Catalog
Author: National Library of Medicine (U.S.)Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Medicine
Languages : en
Pages : 656
Book Description
First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Spatio-Temporal Effects on the Perception of Causality
Author: Goutami ShenviPublisher: Logos Verlag Berlin
ISBN: 9783832509866
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
The human visual system is exquisitely sensitive to dynamics. Causalityis a key concept for human thought and action: The world around us appears as acoherent flow of events, each event caused by others which are in turn caused by other events, and so on. Albert Michotte (1963) showed that humans perceive causality directly or indirectly as a low-level perceptual event. As a result, theimpression of purposeful, intentional relations are "surprisingly easy" to obtain. Despite traditional claims to the contrary, observers are reasonably sensitive to physical and social causality in the real world, at least if they have relevant knowledge of causal structures in schematic motion events. In this thesis the influence of physical factors on 'action radius', up to the extent that the motion of the second object is seen to be caused by the first object is measured. Physical factors such as the speed of the passive object, the juxtaposition of collision in the context of variations in the arrival of Object A and departure of Object B (from some point in space) and the effects of negative delays (Object B departure is prior to Object A motion termination) were explored. Resulted that perceived causality is shown to be a function, not only of automatic processing but also constitutes a perception-action heuristic which is shown to be strategic in operation and at the same time exquisitely sensitive to the temporal structure of external events.
The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Cognition
Author: Thomas R. ZentallPublisher: OUP USA
ISBN: 0195392663
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 941
Book Description
This comprehensive volume illustrates why an understanding of animal intelligence is essential in disclosing the nature of minds other than our own making it a fascinating volume for anyone curious about the state of modern comparative cognition.