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Author: Peter Eric Allaby Publisher: University of Waterloo ISBN: 9780494233702 Category : Languages : en Pages : 171
Book Description
The objectives of this thesis are: (1) to validate a real-time crash prediction model for a candidate section of freeway; (2) to develop a candidate VSLS control algorithm with potential for practical applications; (3) to evaluate the performance of the VSLS control strategy for a range of traffic conditions in terms of safety and travel time; and (4) to test the sensitivity of the VSLS impact results to modifications of the control algorithm.
Author: Peter Eric Allaby Publisher: University of Waterloo ISBN: 9780494233702 Category : Languages : en Pages : 171
Book Description
The objectives of this thesis are: (1) to validate a real-time crash prediction model for a candidate section of freeway; (2) to develop a candidate VSLS control algorithm with potential for practical applications; (3) to evaluate the performance of the VSLS control strategy for a range of traffic conditions in terms of safety and travel time; and (4) to test the sensitivity of the VSLS impact results to modifications of the control algorithm.
Author: Beatriz L. Boada Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3036505067 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 270
Book Description
This book presents collective works published in the recent Special Issue (SI) entitled " Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS)". These works address problems of mobility, environmental pollution, and road safety, as well as their related applications. The presented problems are complex and involve a large number of research areas and many advanced technologies, such as communication, sensing, and control, which are used for managing a large amount of information. The applications vary and include fleet management, driving behavior, traffic control, trajectory planning, connected vehicles, and energy consumption efficiency. Recent advances in communication technologies are becoming fundamental for the development of new advances in fleet management, traffic control, and connected vehicles. This works collected in this Special Issue propose solution methodologies to address such challenges, analyze the proposed methodologies, and evaluate their performance. This book brings together a collection of multidisciplinary works applied to ITS applications in a coherent manner.
Author: Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 9780309065023 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 444
Book Description
TRB Special Report 254 - Managing Speed: Review of Current Practices for Setting and Enforcing Speed Limits reviews practices for setting and enforcing speed limits on all types of roads and provides guidance to state and local governments on appropriate methods of setting speed limits and related enforcement strategies. Following an executive summary, the report is presented in six chapters and five appendices.
Author: Michelle Mekker Publisher: ISBN: 9781622604579 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In Indiana, distracted driving and unexpected queues have led to an increase in the amount of back-of-queue crashes, particularly on approach to work zones. This report presents new strategies for the assessment of both transportation safety and traffic operations using crowd-sourced probe vehicle data and a speed laser vehicle re-identification scheme. This report concludes by recommending strategies for the placement of variable speed limits (VSL) adjacent to work zones and suggestions for future research.
Author: Kyandoghere Kyamakya Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3036508481 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 494
Book Description
Building around innovative services related to different modes of transport and traffic management, intelligent transport systems (ITS) are being widely adopted worldwide to improve the efficiency and safety of the transportation system. They enable users to be better informed and make safer, more coordinated, and smarter decisions on the use of transport networks. Current ITSs are complex systems, made up of several components/sub-systems characterized by time-dependent interactions among themselves. Some examples of these transportation-related complex systems include: road traffic sensors, autonomous/automated cars, smart cities, smart sensors, virtual sensors, traffic control systems, smart roads, logistics systems, smart mobility systems, and many others that are emerging from niche areas. The efficient operation of these complex systems requires: i) efficient solutions to the issues of sensors/actuators used to capture and control the physical parameters of these systems, as well as the quality of data collected from these systems; ii) tackling complexities using simulations and analytical modelling techniques; and iii) applying optimization techniques to improve the performance of these systems.
Author: Ellen F. Grumert Publisher: Linköping University Electronic Press ISBN: 9176853411 Category : Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
Motorway traffic management systems are useful for improving the traffic conditions on urban motorways. One of the most common motorway traffic management systems are variable speed limit systems. These systems adapt the speed limits based on the prevailing traffic conditions measured by roadside detectors and recommended or compulsory speed limits are shown on variable message signs installed on gantries over the road.Thesystems consist of three parts; the control algorithm used to determine which speed limit to be displayed, a method for estimating the traffic conditions to be used as input for the control algorithm and the infrastructure for application of the variable speed limits. The goal of the systems is often to increase safety or efficiency. Recent development in the field of connected vehicles have opened up for a new type of data source, as the status of a connected vehicle and its surroundings can be communicated at arbitrary locations. Hence, by the use of connected vehicles in variable speed limit systems there is a potential of reducing the amount of roadside equipment. It is even possible to control the connected vehicles towards the current speed limit without the use of variable message signs. This allows for the application of variable speed limits at arbitrary locations. The aim of this thesis is to examine how connected vehicles can be used to improve the efficiency of variable speed limit systems. The thesis contribute with new and improved methods using connected vehicles in all three parts of a variable speed limit system. The suggested methods are evaluated by microscopic traffic simulation. The overall conclusion is that the use of connected vehicles in variable speed limit systems can contribute to improvements in traffic efficiency compared to existing systems. The six papers included in the thesis can be summarized as follows. First, it is shown that traditional variable speed limit systems can be effective for improving the traffic conditions on the motorway and the results can be comparable to more costly alterations by reconstruction of the infrastructure to increase the capacity. Next, the usefulness of connected vehicles for application and control of the speed limits in an existing variable speed limit system is investigated. It is concluded that the design of the control algorithm and the accuracy of the estimated traffic conditions have a great effect on the final outcome of the system. The design of the control algorithm is then examined by evaluation of a number of control algorithms with respect to safety, efficiency and environmental impacts. The main benefits and drawbacks of the algorithms are highlighted and desirable characteristics to include when designing a control algorithm are identified. In two studies, methods making use of connected vehicles for estimating the traffic conditions are proposed. The results show that connected vehicles are useful for improving the accuracy of the estimated traffic conditions through the inclusion of more detailed information and information at locations where detector measurements are not available. Finally, a variable speed limit system is proposed in which connected vehicles play a central role in the estimation of the traffic conditions, as well as in the control algorithm and for application of the speed limit. The system is shown to be useful for improving traffic efficiency during an incident at an arbitrary location along the controlled road.
Author: Rongjie Yu Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
The proposed VSL control strategy was tested for a mountainous freeway bottleneck area in the microscopic simulation software VISSIM. Safety impacts of the VSL system were quantified as crash risk improvements and speed homogeneity improvements. Moreover, three different driver compliance levels were modeled in VISSIM to monitor the sensitivity of VSL's safety impacts on driver compliance levels. Conclusions demonstrate that the proposed VSL system could effectively improve traffic safety by decreasing crash risk, enhancing speed homogeneity, and reducing travel time under both high and moderate driver compliance levels; while the VSL system does not have significant effects on traffic safety enhancement under the low compliance scenario. Future implementations of VSL control strategies and related research topics were also discussed.
Author: Timothy J. Gates Publisher: ISBN: Category : Speed limits Languages : en Pages : 123
Book Description
The purpose of this research was to assist in determining the potential impacts of implementing a proposed 65 mph speed limit on non-freeways in Michigan. Consideration was given to a broad range of performance measures, including operating speeds, traffic crashes and crash severity, infrastructure costs, fuel consumption, and travel times. Specifically, a prioritization strategy was developed to identify candidate MDOT non-freeway road segments possessing lower safety risks and potential infrastructure costs associated with raising the speed limit from 55 to 65 mph. Ultimately, approximately 747 miles of undivided and 26 miles of divided 55 mph non-freeways were identified as lower risk candidates, representing approximately one-eighth of the MDOT systemwide mileage posted at 55 mph. An economic analysis of the anticipated costs and benefits associated with the proposed speed limit increase was performed for these lower risk candidate segments, in addition to a systemwide estimate. As the travel time savings were expected to outweigh the fuel consumption costs, it was necessary to determine if these net operational benefits outweighed the expected infrastructure upgrade costs and increased crash costs. For roadways possessing horizontal and/or vertical alignments that are not compliant with a 65 mph speed limit, an unfavorable benefit/cost ratio would likely result due to the excessive infrastructure costs incurred during 3R (resurfacing, restoration, rehabilitation) or 4R (reconstruction) projects. Crashes were expected to increase for all implementation scenarios, with a particular increase in the risk of fatal and incapacitating injuries. Due to the substantially large infrastructure costs, application of the 65 mph speed limit is specifically not recommended for non-freeway segments requiring horizontal or vertical realignment to achieve design speed compliance. Even for segments where compliance with the increased design speed is maintained, careful consideration must be given to the potential safety impacts particularly to fatal and injury crashes - that may result after increasing the speed limit.
Author: Peter Eric Allaby
Author: Peter Eric Allaby
Author: Beatriz L. Boada
Author: 
Author: Michelle Mekker
Author: Kyandoghere Kyamakya
Author: Ellen F. Grumert
Author: 
Author: Rongjie Yu
Author: Timothy J. Gates
Author: