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Author: Sahar Nabaee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 71
Book Description
Gap acceptance behavior is critical to the safety and operational performance of unsignalized intersections. The complex nature of the human behavior and its dependence on various socioeconomic and environmental parameters makes it challenging for transportation professionals to assess the performance of such intersections. To investigate the behavioral patterns of drivers at unsignalized intersections, a novel procedure was developed and validated for the accurate observation of naturalistic gap acceptance behavior. Specifically, the authors examined two-way stop-controlled (TWSC) intersections with a two way left turn lane (TWLTL) on the major road. After examining the critical gap and identifying behavioral changes caused by waiting time, time of day, presence of passengers, and presence of queue, the authors further investigated the relationship between waiting time and gap acceptance and analyzed the variations in waiting time for right and left turn maneuvers. The results of this study reinforce the notion that driver behavior is affected by external factors such as waiting time, time of day, presence of passengers, presence of queue, etc. and should continue to be investigated in localities across the country.
Author: Sahar Nabaee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 71
Book Description
Gap acceptance behavior is critical to the safety and operational performance of unsignalized intersections. The complex nature of the human behavior and its dependence on various socioeconomic and environmental parameters makes it challenging for transportation professionals to assess the performance of such intersections. To investigate the behavioral patterns of drivers at unsignalized intersections, a novel procedure was developed and validated for the accurate observation of naturalistic gap acceptance behavior. Specifically, the authors examined two-way stop-controlled (TWSC) intersections with a two way left turn lane (TWLTL) on the major road. After examining the critical gap and identifying behavioral changes caused by waiting time, time of day, presence of passengers, and presence of queue, the authors further investigated the relationship between waiting time and gap acceptance and analyzed the variations in waiting time for right and left turn maneuvers. The results of this study reinforce the notion that driver behavior is affected by external factors such as waiting time, time of day, presence of passengers, presence of queue, etc. and should continue to be investigated in localities across the country.
Author: Steven M. Tupper Publisher: ISBN: Category : Aggressive driving Languages : en Pages : 90
Book Description
Given that "driver error" is cited as a contributing factor in 93 percent of all crashes, understanding driver behavior is an essential element in mitigating the crash problem. Among the more dangerous roadway elements are unsignalized intersections where drivers' gap acceptance behavior is strongly correlated to the operational and safety performance of the intersection. While a basic understanding of drivers' gap acceptance behavior exists, several unanswered questions remain. Previous work has attempted to address some of these questions, however to date the research has been somewhat limited in scope and scale due to the challenges of collecting high fidelity gap acceptance data in the field. This research initiative utilized software newly developed for this project to collect gap acceptance data on 2,767 drivers at 60 sites, totaling 10,419 driver decisions and 22,639 gaps in traffic. This large-scale data collection effort allowed many of these remaining questions to be answered with an improved degree of certainty. This research initiative showed that naturalistic driver gap acceptance behavior can realistically be observed and accurately recorded in the field in real time using a newly developed software tool. This software tool and study methodology was validation using high fidelity video reduction techniques. This research compared different methods of analyzing gap acceptance data, in particular determining critical gap, seeing that the method used significantly affects the results. Conclusions were draw about the merits of each of the ten analysis methods considered. Through the analysis of the large data set collected, the research determined that there exist appreciable and identifiable differences in gap acceptance behavior across drivers under varied conditions. The greatest differences were seen in relationship to wait time and queue presence. If a driver has queued vehicles waiting behind them and/or has been waiting to turn for a long period of time, they will be more likely to accept a smaller gap in traffic. Additionally, an analysis of gap acceptance as it relates to crash experience identified critical situations where a driver's gap acceptance behavior contributes to the occurrence of a crash. Characteristics of the driver such as gender and approximate age associated with specific crashes were examined. Teen drivers were identified as exhibiting aggressive gap acceptance behavior and were found to be overrepresented in gap acceptance related crashes. Ultimately, a better understanding of the driver and environmental factors that significantly contribute to increased crash risk will help guide the way to targeted design solutions.
Author: Tom V. Mathew Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9813290420 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 905
Book Description
This book presents selected papers from the 4th Conference of the Transportation Research Group of India. It provides a comprehensive analysis of themes spanning the field of transportation encompassing economics, financial management, social equity, green technologies, operations research, big data analysis, econometrics and structural mechanics. This volume will be of interest to researchers, educators, practitioners, managers, and policy-makers world-wide.
Author: Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobile driving on highways Languages : en Pages : 1030
Book Description
Priority intersections are intersections controlled by a stop or yield sign. A vehicle at a priority intersection from a minor road makes a choice to either accept or reject an available gap when joining or crossing the main road. Various factors affect the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap at the priority intersection. The characteristics of the driver, vehicle and the intersection itself play major roles in the driver's behavior at the intersection. Factors such as the driver's age, gender, waiting time, intersection delay, and the vehicles' accelerating capability affect the decision to accept or reject a gap. The gap acceptance concept in developed countries (e.g., United States of America) has historically been studied and researched at signalized and unsignalized intersections. However, in developing countries little research has been conducted on this concept or on the driver's behavior, particularly Ghana. Yet traffic analysis software programs built to suit a developed country's condition are often used to analyze intersections in developing countries like Ghana. Ghanaian engineers have yet to develop a gap acceptance model suitable for unsignalized intersections. This research analyzes gaps and driver behavior at unsignalized intersections for both cross (4 leg) intersections and T-intersections for left, right and through moving vehicles from minor roads onto major roads; left turning vehicles from the major roads onto the minor roads are also analyzed. Critical gap values and the most common driver's variable is determined. The results of the critical gaps values found in this research are compared to that of the recommended values from the 2010 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM). The results of the analysis showed critical gaps lower than that of the recommended values from the 2010 HCM. A comparison between the critical gaps determined in this research and the recommended 2010 HCM critical gaps showed lower delays when the critical gaps found in this research were modeled in aaSidra and the Highway Capacity Software (HCS). The Logistics Regression analysis showed that most drivers at priority intersections will accept gaps equal or greater than the critical gap determined in this research. The analysis also showed that pedestrian and hawking activities at intersections are not contributing factors to a driver's decision in accepting a gap. The driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations. Although the driver's decision to accept or reject a gap varied between locations, the most common factor (variable) that affected a driver's decision to accept or reject a gap was the time spent at the stop sign. -- Abstract.
Author: Shriniwas S. Arkatkar Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811537429 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 713
Book Description
This book comprises select proceedings of the National Conference on Recent Advances in Traffic Engineering (RATE 2018) with technical papers on the themes of traffic operation control and management, traffic safety and vulnerable road users, and sustainable transportation. It covers a wide range of topics, including advanced traffic data collection methods, big data analysis, mix-traffic characterization and modelling, travel time reliability, scenario of pedestrian and non-motorised vehicles (NMVs) traffic, regional traffic growth modelling, and applications of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) in traffic management. The contents of this book offer up-to-date and practical knowledge on different aspects of traffic engineering, which is useful for students, researchers as well as practitioners.
Author: Lee August Rodegerdts Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309155118 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 407
Book Description
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 672: Roundabouts: An Informational Guide - Second Edition explores the planning, design, construction, maintenance, and operation of roundabouts. The report also addresses issues that may be useful in helping to explain the trade-offs associated with roundabouts. This report updates the U.S. Federal Highway Administration's Roundabouts: An Informational Guide, based on experience gained in the United States since that guide was published in 2000.
Author: Srinivas Palamarthy Publisher: ISBN: Category : Alleys Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
This report focuses on the crossing behavior of pedestrians at traffic signalised intersections. Since a non-compliant pedestrian attempting to cross on a "don't walk" phase looks for gaps in the traffic stream, the gap-acceptance theory is used to model the crossing maneuver. An inconsistent behavior model is assumed wherein the critical gap is treated as a random quantity varying both within and across individuals. On-site surveys were conducted to obtain information on the behavior using a video recording technique
Author: Sahar Nabaee
Author: Sahar Nabaee
Author: Steven M. Tupper
Author: Tom V. Mathew
Author: Rene' Senyo Lord-Attivor
Author: Shriniwas S. Arkatkar
Author: R. J. Troutbeck
Author: Lee August Rodegerdts
Author: Srinivas Palamarthy
Author: Robert Hilton Wortman
Author: Hongmei Zhou