Author: William K. CarrelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
An Evaluation of Annual Migration Patterns of the Paunsaugunt Mule Deer Herd Between Utah and Arizona
Author: William K. CarrelPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 60
Book Description
Deer of the Southwest
Author: Jim HeffelfingerPublisher: Texas A&M University Press
ISBN: 9781603445337
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 204
Book Description
Author Jim Heffelfinger presents a wide array of data in a reader-friendly, well-organized way. With a clear mission to make his information not only helpful, but entertaining and attractive as well, each chapter focuses on a specific aspect of understanding deer. The clear, detailed table of contents will help readers flip right to the section they want to investigate. Not just hunters, but anyone who is interested in the deer of West Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, southern California, Nevada, Utah, Colorado, northern Mexico, or tribal lands will find this book to be an indispensable resource for understanding these familiar and fascinating animals. “Very few books on the subject of deer in any particular region lend themselves to being complete. Jim Heffelfinger’s book breaks the mold. It is by far the most comprehensive book on mule deer and white-tailed deer in the southwestern part of the United States, including Plains portions of Texas, Colorado, and New Mexico, I’ve ever read. Everything you ever wanted to know about these two deer species can be found in its pages . . . All of this under one cover and written in a style easy enough for the layperson to understand, but scientific enough for the professional biologist . . . Deer of the Southwest is a pleasure to read and should be part of every deer enthusiast’s library.”—Great Plains Research “An important reference for anyone interested in deer in the Southwest—managers and enthusiasts alike. Both enlightening and instructive, Deer of the Southwest is the ultimate source for understanding the history, management, and issues facing this resource. Jim Heffelfinger has solidified his reputation as the premier authority on deer in this region.”—Barry Hale, deer program manager, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish
Seasonal Movements and Home Ranges of White-tailed Deer in the Central Black Hills, South Dakota and Wyoming, 1998-2003
Author: Weather and Sex Influence Migratory Behaviors and Habitat Selection in Mule Deer
Author: Patrick A. RodgersPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 70
Book Description
Seasonal migrations along elevational and latitudinal gradients allow a diversity of wildlife species to persist in the face of dramatic seasonal shifts in habitat quality. Recent work to better understand ungulate migration has produced a suite of analytical tools for identifying the mechanisms behind migration and quantifying associated behaviors. While environmental variables like weather and plant phenology are thought to be the main drivers of migration, emergent evidence suggests that anthropogenic disturbances, such as hunting, as well as intrinsic factors like age and sex can also influence migratory patterns. However, critical gaps in understanding of the influence of both the intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence migratory behaviors remain common. We used three years (2016–2018) of GPS-collar data for a herd of migratory mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in south-central Wyoming to compare key migratory behaviors between sexes, identify factors that influence the timing of migration, and evaluate habitat selection in and around the autumn hunting season. Overall, migratory behaviors were sex specific. Both sexes showed high-fidelity to their migratory routes, but route fidelity was more variable in males. Males also migrated 30% farther on average, spent 14% more time on stopover sites, and took twice as long in spring and 44% longer in autumn to complete migration. Additionally, we found that weather, mainly precipitation events (i.e., snowfall), not hunting disturbance, was the main driver of autumn migration, increasing the likelihood of migration in both males and females by 14%. Our findings suggest that response to disturbance from hunting season is sex-specific. The hunted sex (males) more intensively sought refugia, whereas the less-hunted sex continued to use areas with good forage. Overall, our findings contribute to a broader understanding of migration ecology and the factors that influence migration and habitat selection of wild ungulates in western landscapes.
The Mule Deer in Arizona Chaparral
Author: Wendell G. SwankPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Cervidae
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Book Description
Migration Patterns and Habitat Utilization by Kaibab Mule Deer
Author: Dennis D. HaywoodPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 35
Book Description
Movements, Seasonal Home Ranges, and Resource Selection of Mule Deer on Navajo Nation Lands
Author: Hannah B. ManninenPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) populations have declined throughout their range in the western United States since the 1980s. Habitat loss, overgrazing, disease, and predation contribute to the decline of mule deer populations. Navajo Nation, the largest federally recognized Indian tribe in the United States, encompassing 71,000 km2 in New Mexico, Arizona, and Utah, has experienced a 49% decline in mule deer over the past decade. Given knowledge of space use is an important component to recovery plans, my objectives were to (1) classify each deer as a migrant, resident, disperser, or nomad; (2) determine dates and durations of deer classified as migrants including means and ranges of spring and fall migration; (3) quantify distances traveled during spring and fall migration; (4) estimate sizes of seasonal home ranges and core ranges for migratory mule deer; and (5) develop resource selection functions. GPS collars were placed on 99 mule deer (79 F, 20 M) during 2018-2020. Movements were analyzed using net-squared displacement for individuals with >6 mo of data. Movement trajectories (n=108) from 67 unique mule deer were analyzed to determine whether they were migrants or non-migrants. An ANOVA was performed to determine whether sex, season (i.e., spring or fall), strategy (i.e., short-distance or long-distance migrant), or an interaction between migration duration and migration distance. Seasonal home ranges were defined using 95% kernel density estimates (KDE), and core ranges with 50% KDE. An ANOVA was performed to determine whether sex, migration strategy (i.e., short-distance or long-distance), or season (i.e., winter or summer) affected seasonal home range and core range size. I modeled third-order resource selection functions (RSF) following a use-availability design. Seventy-four percent (n=50) of mule deer were long-distance migrants, 18% (n=12) were short-distance migrants, and 6% (n=5) were non-migrants. Minimum, maximum, and mean distances traveled during migration were 2.6 km, 68.3 km, and 17.7 ± 1.1 km, respectively. Seasonal home ranges, core range, and resource selection were quantified for 84 (15 M, 69 F) trajectories from 63 mule deer. Mean female and male summer home ranges were 9.1 ± 11.1 km2 and 7.4 ± 6.6 km2, respectively, and mean female and male winter home ranges were 15.6 ± 21.5 km2 and 16.1 ± 7.5 km2, respectively. Season had a significant effect on home range size (F1,158=28.02, P
Mule Deer Decline in the West
Author: Social and Scientific Factors Impacting Mule Deer Habitat Conservation in the Intermountain West
Author: Nicholas F. TrulovePublisher:
ISBN: 9781303150265
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 164
Book Description
For mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus ) in the Intermountain West, alterations to habitat are outpacing strategies to mitigate human disturbance on critical seasonal ranges and migration routes. Conserving mule deer habitat requires cooperation between a diverse group of stakeholders, state wildlife agencies, and federal land management agencies. The first chapter of this thesis explores the current and historical relationship between state wildlife agencies, citizen stakeholders, and federal agencies in order to highlight opportunities to improve cooperative habitat conservation in the United States. Conservation is a result of social, political, and economic action, but relies upon science to inform policy. The second chapter explores the seasonal habitat use of mule deer in southwestern Wyoming. In response to low fawn recruitment, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department deployed 15 GPS collars on adult female mule deer in an effort to enhance knowledge of mule deer population dynamics, migrations, and habitat use. The study captured two winter climate regimes, with greater winter severity during the 2010-11 winter compared to the winter of 2011-12. Deer migrated an average of 23.9 km (SE = 2.2) between seasonal ranges, and completed spring migrations nearly one month earlier following the milder winter of 2011-12 ( t 19 = 5.53, df = 19, P ? 0.001). Pooled, the average area of winter ranges (1057 ha, SE = 103, n = 26) was larger than summer ranges (423 ha, SE = 51 ha, n = 25) (t = -5.44, df = 49, P ≤ 0.001), with no increase or decrease in size of seasonal ranges detected between years (P = 0.243) according to a post-hoc Tukey HSD test. Between years, deer were observed to shift the geographic center of winter ranges (2.9 km, SE = 1.1, n = 12) to a larger degree than summer ranges (0.4 km, SE = 0.1, n = 12) (t = -2.20, df = 22, P = 0.040). Survival and pregnancy rates (86% and 96%, respectively) correlated closely with other mule deer studies, and neither factor appears to negatively impact population growth. Identifying seasonal ranges and migration routes, and quantifying seasonal habitat use, will assist Wyoming Game and Fish Department efforts to protect mule deer seasonal habitats and migration routes, and direct vegetation manipulations intended to improve the nutritional quality of habitats. On average, winter ranges included a later percentage of shrub-dominated habitat (83.8%, SE = 0.3, n = 26) than summer ranges (57.5%, SE = 2.0, n = 25) (t = -4.42, df = 49, P ? 0.001). Summer ranges averaged a greater proportion of agricultural lands (2.8%, SE = 1.1, n = 25) and aspen (Populus tremuloides ) habitats (9.0%, SE = 2.2, n = 25) than winter ranges (0.1%, SE = 0.1, n = 26 and 0.2%, SE = 0.0, n = 26, respectively) (t = 3.03, df = 49, P = 0.004 and t = 3.86, df = 49, P ? 0.001, respectively). Mule deer ranges are primarily located on Bureau of Land Management (73%, SE = 2.8, n = 51) and privately owned (17.3%, SE = 2.9, n = 51) lands, highlighting opportunities for cooperative partnerships for mule deer habitat conservation.
Migratory Patterns and Habitat Utilization by Kaibab Mule Deer
Author: Dennis D. HaywoodPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Mule deer
Languages : en
Pages : 29
Book Description