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99 Variations on a Proof

99 Variations on a Proof PDF Author: Philip Ording
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691218978
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 272

Book Description
An exploration of mathematical style through 99 different proofs of the same theorem This book offers a multifaceted perspective on mathematics by demonstrating 99 different proofs of the same theorem. Each chapter solves an otherwise unremarkable equation in distinct historical, formal, and imaginative styles that range from Medieval, Topological, and Doggerel to Chromatic, Electrostatic, and Psychedelic. With a rare blend of humor and scholarly aplomb, Philip Ording weaves these variations into an accessible and wide-ranging narrative on the nature and practice of mathematics. Inspired by the experiments of the Paris-based writing group known as the Oulipo—whose members included Raymond Queneau, Italo Calvino, and Marcel Duchamp—Ording explores new ways to examine the aesthetic possibilities of mathematical activity. 99 Variations on a Proof is a mathematical take on Queneau’s Exercises in Style, a collection of 99 retellings of the same story, and it draws unexpected connections to everything from mysticism and technology to architecture and sign language. Through diagrams, found material, and other imagery, Ording illustrates the flexibility and creative potential of mathematics despite its reputation for precision and rigor. Readers will gain not only a bird’s-eye view of the discipline and its major branches but also new insights into its historical, philosophical, and cultural nuances. Readers, no matter their level of expertise, will discover in these proofs and accompanying commentary surprising new aspects of the mathematical landscape.

99 Variations on a Proof

99 Variations on a Proof PDF Author: Philip Ording
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691218978
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 272

Book Description
An exploration of mathematical style through 99 different proofs of the same theorem This book offers a multifaceted perspective on mathematics by demonstrating 99 different proofs of the same theorem. Each chapter solves an otherwise unremarkable equation in distinct historical, formal, and imaginative styles that range from Medieval, Topological, and Doggerel to Chromatic, Electrostatic, and Psychedelic. With a rare blend of humor and scholarly aplomb, Philip Ording weaves these variations into an accessible and wide-ranging narrative on the nature and practice of mathematics. Inspired by the experiments of the Paris-based writing group known as the Oulipo—whose members included Raymond Queneau, Italo Calvino, and Marcel Duchamp—Ording explores new ways to examine the aesthetic possibilities of mathematical activity. 99 Variations on a Proof is a mathematical take on Queneau’s Exercises in Style, a collection of 99 retellings of the same story, and it draws unexpected connections to everything from mysticism and technology to architecture and sign language. Through diagrams, found material, and other imagery, Ording illustrates the flexibility and creative potential of mathematics despite its reputation for precision and rigor. Readers will gain not only a bird’s-eye view of the discipline and its major branches but also new insights into its historical, philosophical, and cultural nuances. Readers, no matter their level of expertise, will discover in these proofs and accompanying commentary surprising new aspects of the mathematical landscape.

The Key to Medicine and a Guide for Students

The Key to Medicine and a Guide for Students PDF Author: ʻAlī ibn al-Ḥusayn Ibn Hindū
Publisher: Apollo Books
ISBN: 9781859642375
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 164

Book Description
This book - now available in paperback - was originally written in the early 11th century by Abu al-Faraj 'Ali ibn al-Husayn ibn Hindu (d. 423/1032), a physician who was also the author of a treatise on philosophy, and who was famous for his Arabic poetry (his anthology is said to have amounted to 15,000 couplets or more). For a medieval work, which was written as an introduction to medicine intended for students, the book is refreshingly meticulous in its analysis and is modern in its outlook. It discusses the various disciplines that a medical student should have been familiar with, including a lengthy digression into philosophy and logic. It then deals with matters specifically medical, devoting separate sections to anatomy, diseases, pulse, and names of medicinal substances.

An Essay by the Uniquely Wise ʻAbel Fath Omar Bin Al-Khayyam on Algebra and Equations

An Essay by the Uniquely Wise ʻAbel Fath Omar Bin Al-Khayyam on Algebra and Equations PDF Author: Omar Al-Khayyam
Publisher: ISBS
ISBN: 9781859641811
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 80

Book Description
Deals with the solution of quadratic and cubic equations. This book is suitable for historians of science, teachers of mathematics and mathematicians.

Lost Enlightenment

Lost Enlightenment PDF Author: S. Frederick Starr
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691165858
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 694

Book Description
The forgotten story of Central Asia's enlightenment—its rise, fall, and enduring legacy In this sweeping and richly illustrated history, S. Frederick Starr tells the fascinating but largely unknown story of Central Asia's medieval enlightenment through the eventful lives and astonishing accomplishments of its greatest minds—remarkable figures who built a bridge to the modern world. Because nearly all of these figures wrote in Arabic, they were long assumed to have been Arabs. In fact, they were from Central Asia—drawn from the Persianate and Turkic peoples of a region that today extends from Kazakhstan southward through Afghanistan, and from the easternmost province of Iran through Xinjiang, China. Lost Enlightenment recounts how, between the years 800 and 1200, Central Asia led the world in trade and economic development, the size and sophistication of its cities, the refinement of its arts, and, above all, in the advancement of knowledge in many fields. Central Asians achieved signal breakthroughs in astronomy, mathematics, geology, medicine, chemistry, music, social science, philosophy, and theology, among other subjects. They gave algebra its name, calculated the earth's diameter with unprecedented precision, wrote the books that later defined European medicine, and penned some of the world's greatest poetry. One scholar, working in Afghanistan, even predicted the existence of North and South America—five centuries before Columbus. Rarely in history has a more impressive group of polymaths appeared at one place and time. No wonder that their writings influenced European culture from the time of St. Thomas Aquinas down to the scientific revolution, and had a similarly deep impact in India and much of Asia. Lost Enlightenment chronicles this forgotten age of achievement, seeks to explain its rise, and explores the competing theories about the cause of its eventual demise. Informed by the latest scholarship yet written in a lively and accessible style, this is a book that will surprise general readers and specialists alike.

Three Treatises on the I'Jaz of the Qur'An

Three Treatises on the I'Jaz of the Qur'An PDF Author: Muhammad Khalaf Allah Ahmad
Publisher: Great Books of Islamic Civiliz
ISBN: 9781859643891
Category : Religion
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
This book contains three important Arabic treatises from the fourth and fifth centuries of Islamic history, published here in English translation for the first time. They deal with the Islamic concept of i'jāz, that is, the inimitability of the Qur'ān because of its sublime style and divine content. While analyzing i'jāz, they also partake in the development of the science of rhetoric in Arabic and the evolution of Arabic literary criticism. The inimitability of the Qur'ān is considered a miracle authenticating the holy scripture of Islam and proving the veracity of Muḥammad's prophethood. Yet despite its importance in Islamic thought and Qur'ānic studies, few of the Arabic works on i'jāz have been translated into Western languages. The three Arabic treatises in this book are relatively short ones: they afford different points of view and offer a variety of literary and theological approaches that give the reader a virtually comprehensive understanding of i'jāz and the issues related to it, meanwhile contributing to the knowledge of Arabic rhetoric and literary criticism--back cover.

Geometry

Geometry PDF Author: Audun Holme
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662047209
Category : Mathematics
Languages : en
Pages : 384

Book Description
Mathematics is more important than ever, but phrases like "math avoidance" and "math anxiety" are very much in the public vocabulary. In addition to providing an invitation to mathematics in general, this book emphasizes the dynamic character of geometry and its role as part of the foundation for our cultural heritage. Aimed at an informed public and future teachers of mathematics, it seeks to heal the ills of math phobia in society.

Democracy In Islam

Democracy In Islam PDF Author: Sayed Khatab
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134093845
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 273

Book Description
Challenging the view of Islamic extremists and critics of Islam, this book explores the very topical issue of Islam’s compatibility with democracy. It examines: principles of Islam's political theory and the notion of democracy therein the notion of democracy in medieval and modern Muslim thought Islam and human rights the contribution of Islamic legal ideas to European legal philosophy and law. The book addresses the pressing need for a systematic show of an Islamic politics of human rights and democracy grounded in the Qur’an. The West wonders about Islam and human rights, and its own ability to incorporate Muslim minority communities. Many Muslims also seek to find within Islam support source for democratic governance and human rights.

The Rebuttal of the Logicians

The Rebuttal of the Logicians PDF Author: Ibn Taymiyyah
Publisher: Garnet Publishing
ISBN: 9780863725814
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
The formidable theologian Taymiyyah (1263--1328) objected to the influence of Greek philosophy on Islamic thought. This book is his sustained attack on Aristotelian logic and the principles of Greek logical systems generally, contesting the use of syllogistic formulae to attain certitude.tude.

The Sufistic Quatrains of Omar Khayyam in Definitive Form

The Sufistic Quatrains of Omar Khayyam in Definitive Form PDF Author: Omar Khayyam
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Persian poetry
Languages : en
Pages : 424

Book Description


The Power of Sovereignty

The Power of Sovereignty PDF Author: Sayed Khatab
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134193106
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 321

Book Description
The Power of Sovereignty explores the religio-political and philosophical concepts of Sayyid Qutb, one of the most influential political thinkers for contemporary Islamists and who has greatly influenced the likes of Osama Bin Laden. Executed by the Egyptian state in 1966, his books continue to be read and his theory of jahiliyya ‘ignorance’ is still of prime importance for radical Islamic groups. Providing a detailed perspective of Sayyid Qutb’s writings, this book examines: the relation between the specifics of the concept of hakimiyyah and that of jahiliyyah the force and intent of these two concepts how Qutb employs their specifics to critically assess the political establishments like nationalism and capitalism the influence of the two concepts on Egypt’s radical Islamic movements, where many of al’Qa’ida’s lieutenants, officers, ideologues and conspirators were fomented Shedding light on Islamic radicalism and its intellectual origins The Power of Sovereignty presents new analysis on the intellectual legacy of one of the most important thinkers of modern Islamic revival.