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Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields Publisher: ISBN: Category : Violence Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
An Economy of Violence in Early Modern France takes the reader to a relatively little known area of early modern France to examine the behavior, attitudes, and environment of its inhabitants. It examines the uses and characteristics of violence and discusses what violence can tell us about the mentality of the people of the region. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, the people of the Haute Auvergne kept their troubles to themselves. In this remote mountain region, the official forces of law and order were small in number and the mounted police could seldom penetrate very deep into the life of rural communities. When they did intervene, they left a trail of evidence that enables us to catch a glimpse of a private world characterized by the use of violence. Using police records, other archival materials, and the growing literature on the history of crime, Malcolm Greenshields argues that violence was often a form of private justice or vengeance that affected all levels of society. This "economy of violence" could be seen in confrontations between peasants fighting over the use of hay meadows, in drunken scuffles that broke out in taverns, and in the attacks against royal tax officials or other outsiders who threatened the rural community. Likewise, the nobility frequently indulged in duels and violent chicanery. In response, the criminal courts relied on rituals of humiliation and public displays of power to establish order, although official justice was often ineffective. Not until the 1660s did the French monarchy begin to get the upper hand. Through its Grand Jours d'Auvergne, the crown would try to assert a monopoly over the use of violence in the region. This study thus describes a significant stage in the movement toward a modern sensibility and brings to light a society and a phenomenon that have previously received little attention.
Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields Publisher: ISBN: Category : Violence Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
An Economy of Violence in Early Modern France takes the reader to a relatively little known area of early modern France to examine the behavior, attitudes, and environment of its inhabitants. It examines the uses and characteristics of violence and discusses what violence can tell us about the mentality of the people of the region. In the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, the people of the Haute Auvergne kept their troubles to themselves. In this remote mountain region, the official forces of law and order were small in number and the mounted police could seldom penetrate very deep into the life of rural communities. When they did intervene, they left a trail of evidence that enables us to catch a glimpse of a private world characterized by the use of violence. Using police records, other archival materials, and the growing literature on the history of crime, Malcolm Greenshields argues that violence was often a form of private justice or vengeance that affected all levels of society. This "economy of violence" could be seen in confrontations between peasants fighting over the use of hay meadows, in drunken scuffles that broke out in taverns, and in the attacks against royal tax officials or other outsiders who threatened the rural community. Likewise, the nobility frequently indulged in duels and violent chicanery. In response, the criminal courts relied on rituals of humiliation and public displays of power to establish order, although official justice was often ineffective. Not until the 1660s did the French monarchy begin to get the upper hand. Through its Grand Jours d'Auvergne, the crown would try to assert a monopoly over the use of violence in the region. This study thus describes a significant stage in the movement toward a modern sensibility and brings to light a society and a phenomenon that have previously received little attention.
Author: Stuart Carroll Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191516147 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
The rise of civilized conduct and behaviour has long been seen as one of the major factors in the transformation from medieval to modern society. Thinkers and historians alike argue that violence progressively declined as men learned to control their emotions. The feud is a phenomenon associated with backward societies, and in the West duelling codified behaviour and channelled aggression into ritualised combats that satisfied honour without the shedding of blood. French manners and codes of civility laid the foundations of civilized Western values. But as this original work of archival research shows we continue to romanticize violence in the era of the swashbuckling swordsman. In France, thousands of men died in duels in which the rules of the game were regularly flouted. Many duels were in fact mini-battles and must be seen not as a replacement of the blood feud, but as a continuation of vengeance-taking in a much bloodier form. This book outlines the nature of feuding in France and its intensification in the wake of the Protestant Reformation, civil war and dynastic weakness, and considers the solutions proposed by thinkers from Montaigne to Hobbes. The creation of the largest standing army in Europe since the Romans was one such solution, but the militarization of society, a model adopted throughout Europe, reveals the darker side of the civilizing process.
Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields Publisher: University Park, Pa. : Pennsylvanis State University Press ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 280
Book Description
Likewise, the nobility frequently indulged in duels and violent chicanery. In response, the criminal courts relied on rituals of humiliation and public displays of power to establish order, although official justice was often ineffective.
Author: Brian Sandberg Publisher: JHU Press ISBN: 0801899699 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 425
Book Description
How did warrior nobles’ practices of violence shape provincial society and the royal state in early seventeenth-century France? Warrior nobles frequently armed themselves for civil war in southern France during the troubled early seventeenth century. These bellicose nobles’ practices of violence shaped provincial society and the royal state in early modern France. The southern French provinces of Guyenne and Languedoc suffered almost continual religious strife and civil conflict between 1598 and 1635, providing an excellent case for investigating the dynamics of early modern civil violence. Warrior Pursuits constructs a cultural history of civil conflict, analyzing in detail how provincial nobles engaged in revolt and civil warfare during this period. Brian Sandberg’s extensive archival research on noble families in these provinces reveals that violence continued to be a way of life for many French nobles, challenging previous scholarship that depicts a progressive “civilizing” of noble culture. Sandberg argues that southern French nobles engaged in warrior pursuits—social and cultural practices of violence designed to raise personal military forces and to wage civil warfare in order to advance various political and religious goals. Close relationships between the profession of arms, the bonds of nobility, and the culture of revolt allowed nobles to regard their violent performances as “heroic gestures” and “beautiful warrior acts.” Warrior nobles represented the key organizers of civil warfare in the early seventeenth century, orchestrating all aspects of the conduct of civil warfare—from recruitment to combat—according to their own understandings of their warrior pursuits. Building on the work of Arlette Jouanna and other historians of the nobility, Sandberg provides new perspectives on noble culture, state development, and civil warfare in early modern France. French historians and scholars of the Reformation and the European Wars of Religion will find Warrior Pursuits engaging and insightful.
Author: Julie Hardwick Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191570230 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 272
Book Description
In seventeenth-century France, families were essential as both agents and objects in the shaping of capitalism and growth of powerful states - phenomena that were critical to the making of the modern world. For household members, neighbours, and authorities, the family business of the management of a broad range of tangible and intangible resources - law, borrowing, violence, and marital status among them - was central to political stability, economic productivity and cultural morality. The business of family life involved relationships that could be intimate (family and neighbours), intermediate (litigant and judge) or distant (governing authority and subject), and the resources in question were the currency of the early modern world these people knew. In all these regards, litigation was a key means of negotiating and contesting the challenges of daily life and the larger developments in which they were embedded. The relationships between families, economies, and states have often been reframed but the perils as well as promises have persisted. Then, as now, husbands and wives found the experience of marriage to be fraught with uncertainty and risk; economic insecurity and ubiquitous borrowing were profound challenges; domestic violence was a telling marker of inequality in families. Julie Hardwick examines a critical period in the long history of family business to highlight the centrality of the lived experiences of working families in major political, economic, and cultural transitions.
Author: Natalie Zemon Davis Publisher: Stanford University Press ISBN: 9780804709729 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 396
Book Description
These essays, three of them previously unpublished, explore the competing claims of innovation and tradition among the lower orders in sixteenth-century France. The result is a wide-ranging view of the lives and values of men and women (artisans, tradesmen, the poor) who, because they left little or nothing in writing, have hitherto had little attention from scholars. The first three essays consider the social, vocational, and sexual context of the Protestant Reformation, its consequences for urban women, and the new attitudes toward poverty shared by Catholic humanists and Protestants alike in sixteenth-century Lyon. The next three essays describe the links between festive play and youth groups, domestic dissent, and political criticism in town and country, the festive reversal of sex roles and political order, and the ritualistic and dramatic structure of religious riots. The final two essays discuss the impact of printing on the quasi-literate, and the collecting of common proverbs and medical folklore by learned students of the "people" during the Ancien Régime. The book includes eight pages of illustrations.
Author: Julie Hardwick Publisher: Oxford University Press on Demand ISBN: 0199558078 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
In 17th-century France, families were essential in the shaping of capitalism and the process of state formation. Exploring civil lawsuits in French cities, 'Family Business' reveals the part that the management of everyday difficulties, in court and out, played in these wider phenomena.
Author: Erica Charters Publisher: Manchester University Press ISBN: 1526140624 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 427
Book Description
This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. This is the first extensive analysis of large-scale violence and the methods of its restraint in the early modern world. Using examples from Asia, Africa, the Americas and Europe, it questions the established narrative that violence was only curbed through the rise of western-style nation states and civil societies. Global history allows us to reframe and challenge traditional models for the history of violence and to rethink categories and units of analysis through comparisons. By decentring Europe and exploring alternative patterns of violence, the contributors to this volume articulate the significance of violence in narratives of state- and empire-building, as well as in their failure and decline, while also providing new means of tracing the transition from the early modern to modernity.
Author: William Beik Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0521883091 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 403
Book Description
A magisterial history of French society between the end of the middle ages and the Revolution by one of the world's leading authorities on early modern France. Using colorful examples and incorporating the latest scholarship, William Beik conveys the distinctiveness of early modern society and identifies the cultural practices that defined the lives of people at all levels of society. Painting a vivid picture of the realities of everyday life, he reveals how society functioned and how the different classes interacted. In addition to chapters on nobles, peasants, city people, and the court, the book sheds new light on the Catholic church, the army, popular protest, the culture of violence, gendered relations, and sociability. This is a major new work that restores the ancien régime as a key epoch in its own right and not simply as the prelude to the coming Revolution.
Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields
Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields
Author: Stuart Carroll
Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields
Author: Malcolm R. Greenshields
Author: Brian Sandberg
Author: Julie Hardwick
Author: Natalie Zemon Davis
Author: Julie Hardwick
Author: Erica Charters
Author: William Beik