An EBIT-based Model of Dynamic Capital Structure PDF Download

Author: Robert S. Goldstein
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 38

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Author: Robert S. Goldstein
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Much of the literature on optimal capital structure has taken the unlevered firm value to be the underlying state variable, even though the unlevered firm ceases to exist after a capital structure change occurs. This approach has been a source of confusion, leading to conflicting views on the relationship between the levered and unlevered firm value at the moment of a capital structure change. Moreover, these frameworks imply that the role of government is to create a 'tax benefit' cash-flow into a firm, when in practice much of the cash that flows out of a firm is typically paid to government via taxes.To circumvent these difficulties, we take the claim to future EBIT as the underlying state variable, and assume that it is invariant to changes in capital structure. In such a framework, all claims to EBIT (equity, debt, government) are treated in a consistent fashion. In particular, the government claim is correctly modeled as an outflow of EBIT via taxes, rather than as an inflow of 'tax benefits'. This distinction dramatically affects the payout ratio, which in turn affects both the probability of bankruptcy and predicted yield spreads. In addition, the invariance feature of the state variable makes this framework ideal for investigating optimal dynamic capital structure strategy. When firms are permitted to increase their level of outstanding debt in the future, predicted leverage ratios are consistent with those observed.

Author: Manuel Ammann
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 42

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We extend the EBIT-based dynamic capital structure model proposed by Goldstein, Ju and Leland (2001) to finite-maturity debt and multiple bond issues. The complete tax structure of Goldstein, Ju and Leland (2001) is maintained. In our setting, the usually available market data can be used for empirical testing. Accounting data is not necessary to test the model. Using a numerical implementation of our model, we also analyze optimal bankruptcy policies and the impact of different tax regimes on security values.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Sergey Tsyplakov
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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This paper presents a continuous time model of a firm that can dynamically adjust both its capital structure and its investment choices. The model extends the dynamic capital structure literature by endogenizing the investment choice as well as firm value, which are both determined by an exogenous price process that describes the firm's product market. Within the context of this model we explore interactions between financial distress costs and debtholder/equityholder agency problems and examine how the ability to dynamically adjust the capital structure choice affects both target debt ratios and the extent to which actual debt ratios deviate from their targets. In particular, we examine how financial distress and the firm's objectives, i.e., whether it makes choices to maximize total firm value versus equity value, influence the extent to which firms make financing choices that move them towards their target debt ratios.

Author: Seokwoo Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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I incorporate ambiguity-averse equity-holders who are uncertain about the distribution of a firm's assets into the dynamic capital structure model of Leland (1994). My model shows the optimal default threshold increases with Knightian uncertainty, whereas it decreases with risk. When the effect of uncertainty dominates that of risk, a firm optimally defaults earlier than predicted by a traditional dynamic model with risk alone. My ambiguity-augmented model predicts substantially lower leverage ratios, in comparison to the benchmark model of Leland (1994).

Author: Ali Nejadmalayeri
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 44

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This study develops a model of dynamic capital structure in the presence of stochastic interest rates. Having separated the impact of firm characteristics, the paper shows that the optimal leverage and maturity are positively related to the short-term interest rates and negatively associated with the long-term interest rates. The volatility of interest rates affects the optimal leverage negatively. The optimal maturity is related to the volatility positively (negatively) when the yield curve is normal (inverted). The aforementioned are due to the changes in the firm's tax shields, bankruptcy costs and recapitalization costs caused by interest rate movements.

Author: Jeffrey Zwiebel
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Capital
Languages : en
Pages : 34

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Author: Arthur G. Korteweg
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 53

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We develop and estimate a general (S, s) model of capital structure to investigate the relation between target leverage, refinancing thresholds, and firm characteristics in a dynamic environment. We find that firms' target leverage is pro-cyclical, consistent with dynamic capital structure models, but in contrast to traditional regression results. The target leverage zone, in which companies optimally allow leverage to float, widens during recessions. Most of the time series variation in capital structure policy variables is due to aggregate macroeconomic factors, rather than changes in firm-specific variables.

Author: Arvin Ghosh
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351530178
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 140

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Capital structure theory is one of the most dynamic areas of finance and forms the basis for modern thinking on the capital structure of firms. Much controversy has resulted from comparisons of the theory of capital structure originally developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller to real-world situations. Two competing theories have emerged over the years, the optimal capital structure theory and the pecking order theory.Arvin Ghosh begins with an overview of the controversies regarding capital structure theories, and then statistically tests both the optimal capital structure and pecking order theories. Using the binomial approach he analyzes the determinants of capital structure while discussing the role of market power in determining capital structure decisions. Ghosh probes the questions of new stock offerings and stockholders' returns, and analyzes capital structure and executive compensation. He then looks into debt financing ownership structure, and the controversal relationship between capital structure and firm profitability. Finally, he discusses the latest developments in the field of capital structure.A concise overview of a major issue in business economics and finance, this volume provides a fuller understanding of capital structure influence on the financial performance of firms, and will certainly stimulate further debate. While hundreds of scholarly articles have been written on the subject this is the first book to test competing theories against measurements of firms' performance and their underlying capital structure.