AN APPRAISAL OF RATIONALISM IN MODERN SCIENCE PDF Download

Author: PATRICK MENDIE
Publisher: Lulu.com
ISBN: 1365690814
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 230

View

Book Description
The main objective of this work is to establish the prominent role played by rationalism in the birth and growth of modern science. Other objectives are: 1. To highlight the relevance of rationalism in modern science and its contribution to knowledge. 2. To examine contributions from some rationalist philosophers whose works have strengthened the growth and development of modern science. 3. To show the diminishing influence of empiricism in modern science (Theory of relativity and Quantum m

Author: Stefano Gattei
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1134182953
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 154

View

Book Description
Rectifying misrepresentations of Popperian thought with a historical approach to Popper’s philosophy, Gattei reconstructs the logic of Popper’s development to show how one problem and its tentative solution led to a new problem.

Author: Jennifer Nagel
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 019966126X
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 153

View

Book Description
What is knowledge? Is it the same as opinion or truth? Do you need to be able to justify a claim in order to count as knowing it? How can we know that the outer world is real and not a dream? Questions like these have existed since ancient times, and the branch of philosophy dedicated to answering them - epistemology - has been active for thousands of years. In this thought-provoking Very Short Introduction, Jennifer Nagel considers the central problems and paradoxes in the theory of knowledge and draws attention to the ways in which philosophers and theorists have responded to them. By exploring the relationship between knowledge and truth, and considering the problem of scepticism, Nagel introduces a series of influential historical and contemporary theories of knowledge, incorporating methods from logic, linguistics, and psychology, using a number of everyday examples to demonstrate the key issues and debates. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

Author: Nathan Brown
Publisher: Fordham University Press
ISBN: 0823290026
Category : Literary Criticism
Languages : en
Pages : 321

View

Book Description
Twenty-first-century philosophy has been drawn into a false opposition between speculation and critique. Nathan Brown shows that the key to overcoming this antinomy is a re-engagement with the relation between rationalism and empiricism. If Kant’s transcendental philosophy attempted to displace the opposing priorities of those orientations, any speculative critique of Kant will have to re-open and consider anew the conflict and complementarity of reason and experience. Rationalist Empiricism shows that the capacity of reason and experience to extend and yet delimit each other has always been at the core of philosophy and science. Coordinating their discrepant powers, Brown argues, is what enables speculation to move forward in concert with critique. Sweeping across ancient, modern, and contemporary philosophy, as well as political theory, science, and art, Brown engages with such major thinkers as Plato, Descartes, Hume, Hegel, Marx, Heidegger, Bachelard, Althusser, Badiou, and Meillassoux. He also shows how the concepts he develops illuminate recent projects in the science of measurement and experimental digital photography. With conceptual originality and argumentative precision, Rationalist Empiricism reconfigures the history and the future of philosophy, politics, and aesthetics.

Author: Marcelo Dascal
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402086687
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 528

View

Book Description
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz was an outstanding contributor to many fields of human knowledge. The historiography of philosophy has tagged him as a “rationalist”. But what does this exactly mean? Is he a “rationalist” in the same sense in Mathematics and Politics, in Physics and Jurisprudence, in Metaphysics and Theology, in Logic and Linguistics, in Technology and Medicine, in Epistemology and Ethics? What are the most significant features of his “rationalism”, whatever it is? For the first time an outstanding group of Leibniz researchers, some acknowledged as leading scholars, others in the beginning of a promising career, who specialize in the most significant areas of Leibniz’s contributions to human thought and action, were requested to spell out the nature of his rationalism in each of these areas, with a view to provide a comprehensive picture of what it amounts to, both in its general drive and in its specific features and eventual inner tensions. The chapters of the book are the result of intense discussion in the course of an international conference focused on the title question of this book, and were selected in view of their contribution to this topic. They are clustered in thematically organized parts. No effort has been made to hide the controversies underlying the different interpretations of Leibniz’s “rationalism” – in each particular domain and as a whole. On the contrary, the editor firmly believes that only through a variety of conflicting interpretive perspectives can the multi-faceted nature of an oeuvre of such a magnitude and variety as Leibniz’s be brought to light and understood as it deserves.

Author: John D. Baldwin
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1317260430
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 184

View

Book Description
The "science wars" have been raging for decades, raising many questions about the power of science. Some critics claim that science, including social science, is "merely a social construction" that fallible humans have created with words and other symbols. If this is true, is science as formidable a source of knowledge as most scientists claim? Baldwin explains why the edifice of science has robust properties that make it one of the most useful forms of knowledge that humans have ever created, although it is not perfect. He trenchantly examines all sides of the debate and uses the philosophy of pragmatism to reveal the special characteristics that make science work as well as it does. Ending the Science Wars shows how science is far better grounded than its critics claim. The book not only helps resolve many current debates about science, it is a major contribution for explaining science in terms of a powerful philosophical system. This makes the book valuable to scientists in all fields of research-and intellectually challenging for science's critics.

Author: Wolfgang Schluchter
Publisher: Univ of California Press
ISBN: 9780520054646
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 216

View

Book Description
Western rationalism-nature, of course, and genesis-was Max Weber's dominant historical interest. It was the grand theme of his two world historical studies, Economy and Society and The Economic Ethics of the World Religions. His studies of the relationships among economy, polity, law, and religion are lasting scholarly achievements. In this book Wolfgang Schluchter presents the most systematic analysis and elaboration ever attempted of Weber's sociology as a developmental history of the West.

Author: John W. Yolton
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9401510075
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 169

View

Book Description
Examines A.S. Eddington’s thoughts on the philosophical implications of modern science techniques.

Author: Yuriy S. Vasiliev
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3030988325
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 619

View

Book Description
This book covers the results of research that has been obtained during the last decades by scholars representing several scientific schools working in the field of theory of systems and system analysis. In the book chapters, attention is paid to the development of the general theory of systems’ provisions, approaches, models, and methods of system analysis; such as the concepts of an open system and adaptive systems; the concepts of “the movable equilibrium” and “disequilibrium”, the approach of “growing” the system and its developing through innovations; the system-target approach, systems’ regularities; ontological, cognitive and logical-linguistic models of systems, etc. The book includes parts devoted to the general theoretical and philosophical-methodological problems of systems theory; methods and models of system analysis; innovation technologies in technical and socioeconomic systems; system analyses in the educational process, and higher education management. The materials of the book may be of interest to researchers and specialists working in the field of systems analysis, engineering, computer technologies, including human–computer interaction in socio-technical systems; for the representatives of the academic and engineering society.

Author: Milan Zafirovski
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1441973877
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 374

View

Book Description
The Enlightenment of the late 17th and 18th century is characterized by an emphasis on reason and empiricism . As a major shaping philosophy of Western culture, it had a historical impact on the religious, cultural, academic, and social institutions of 18th century Europe. In this compelling volume, the author explores the lasting impact of Enlightenment thinking on modern Western societies and other democracies. With an interdisciplinary, comparative-historical approach this volume explores the impact of Enlightenment ideals such as liberty, equality, and social justice on current social institutions. Combining sociological theory with concrete examples, the author provides a unique framework for understanding modern cultural development, including a picture of how it would look without this Enlightenment basis. This work provides a multi-faceted approach, including: an historical overview, analysis of the Enlightenment’s influence on modern democratic societies, modern culture, political science, civil society and the economy, as well as exploring the counter-Enlightenment, Post-Enlightenment, and Neo-Enlightenment philosophies.