Author: C. Cwiklinski Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 32
Book Description
The United States participated in a little known episode, at the end of World War I, in which the Allies intervened in the Russian Civil War. American forces, though sent to perform garrison duties, became embroiled in conflict with the Red Army. The Situation then in Northern Russia and Siberia, and Allied operations conducting in response, closely resembled contemporary Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW), such as those conducted in Somalia and Bosnia. This paper provides lessons learned from case studies of the Allied intervention, particularly those in which "mission creep," disunity of effort, and lack of coordination between allies, governmental departments, and non-governmental agencies was prevalent.
Author: C. J. Cwiklinski Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The United States participated in a little known episode, at the end of World War I, in which the Allies intervened in the Russian Civil War. American forces, though sent to perform garrison duties, became embroiled in conflict with the Red Army. The Situation then in Northern Russia and Siberia, and Allied operations conducting in response, closely resembled contemporary Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW), such as those conducted in Somalia and Bosnia. This paper provides lessons learned from case studies of the Allied intervention, particularly those in which "mission creep," disunity of effort, and lack of coordination between allies, governmental departments, and non-governmental agencies was prevalent
Author: Ilya Somin Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351292102 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 361
Book Description
The triumph of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Civil War was the first great crack in the system of international relations established by the victorious Allies. The presence of a powerful anti-Western Soviet regime not only undermined the liberal values binding the signatories and member states of the Versailles Treaty and the League of Nations, but also helped to stimulate the rise of aggressive fascist dictatorships in Germany and Italy. Consequently, the failure of the Allies to intervene effectively against the Bolsheviks helped pave the way for both World War II and the human catastrophe of Soviet totalitarianism. Stillborn Crusade is a reinterpretation of the causes and consequences of that failure. In sharp contrast with previous researchers, Ilya Somin argues that the West's failure resulted not from constraints limiting the options of policymakers, but from ideological misconceptions, particularly those flowing from the "liberal" and "realist" theories of international politics. The liberal view, based on the right of national self-determination, was espoused by Woodrow Wilson, and David Lloyd George. While unsympathetic to Bolshevism, they remained wedded to preconceived ideas on revolution, intervention, and the efficacy of force. The realists thought that the opposing Whites might constitute a greater threat to Western interests; they discounted the role of ideology in Soviet foreign policy. Against these views, Somin sets the position of Winston Churchill, who repeatedly and unsuccessfully urged decisive action when the Soviet regime was militarily vulnerable. As a consequence of British and American policy failures, the entire course of European and world history was radically altered for the worse. Stillborn Crusade also considers why earlier scholars, most notably George F. Kennan and William Appleman Williams, have ignored the issues raised here, even though they and others have not hesitated to criticize Western leaders for similar errors in other instances, especially in the case of Nazi Germany. Somin links the errors of 1918-20 to broader issues relating to the morality, feasibility, and desirability of Western, especially American, intervention in foreign civil conflicts. As a volume with important lessons for our own time, Stillborn Crusade will be of interest to historians, political scientists, and foreign policy analysts.
Author: William Sidney Graves Publisher: Arno Press ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
"It recounts the campaign by American troops to ostensibly stabilize and bring peace to a region beleaguered by several long-standing conflicts. Author William Graves, the General in charge of the expeditionary force, had to contend with Russian warlords, the Red Army, a roving brigade of Czechoslovakian troops, the need to protect the Trans-Siberian Railway, extreme weather conditions, and the regular armies of the Japanese and British. These conflicting factions, plus the ill-defined nature of the mission were a recipe for potential disaster. However, credit must be given to the level-headedness displayed by General Graves as he worked desperately to keep a low-profile for American troops and avoid 'adding fuel to the fire.' After struggling for two years, American troops were withdrawn, with little to show for their efforts apart from the unfortunate loss of 189 soldiers. Included are 9 pages of illustrations. A related effort known as the North Russia Expeditionary Force experienced 235 deaths from all causes during their 9 months of fighting near Arkhangelsk." --
Author: John Swettenham Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351798758 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 326
Book Description
When originally published in 1967 and using archive material from official records in Ottawa, this book threw new light on the motives and actions of the intervening powers. Allied intervention took place in three main areas: Northern and Southern Russia as well as Siberia. Canada was the major Commonwealth contributor to the intervention in Siberia and a superfial account of the events and their political implications is contained in the official history of the Canadian Army in the First World War. This book discusses the subject in depth and from an international perspective. In this critical assessment the story of the Allied operations in Russia has been written against the double background of the issues and events of the Russian Civil War itself and of the international intrigues and rivalries of the Allies.
Author: James T. Controvich Publisher: Scarecrow Press ISBN: 0810883198 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 657
Book Description
With the centennial of the First World War rapidly approaching, historian and bibliographer James T. Controvich offers in The United States in World War I: A Bibliographic Guide the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference bibliography yet published. Organized by subject, this bibliography includes the full range of sources: vintage publications of the time, books, pamphlets, periodical titles, theses, dissertations, and archival sources held by federal and state organizations, as well as those in public and private hands, including historical societies and museums. As Controvich’s bibliographic accounting makes clear, there were many facets of World War I that remain virtually unknown to this day. Throughout, Controvich’s bibliography tracks the primary sources that tell each of these stories—and many others besides—during this tense period in American history. Each entry lists the author, title, place of publication, publisher, date of publication, and page count as well as descriptive information concerning illustrations, plates, ports, maps, diagrams, and plans. The armed forces section carries additional information on rosters, awards, citations, and killed and wounded in action lists. The United States in World War I: A Bibliographic Guide is an ideal research tool for students and scholars of World War I and American history.
Author: William S. Grave Publisher: ISBN: 9781793351951 Category : Languages : en Pages : 232
Book Description
"The authoritative account of the American expedition of 1918-1920, as told by the commanding officer." William L. Langer, Foreign Affairs In Western Europe the First World War continued to rage. Yet, in the East, the Russians had stopped fighting the Germans and had begun to fight each other in a brutal civil war. This left the allied forces with a number of difficulties and so they decided to intervene in the Civil War for three reasons: Firstly, to prevent Allied war material stockpiles in Russia from falling into German or Bolshevik hands. Secondly, to rescue the 50,000 troops in the Czechoslovakian Legion who were stranded along the Trans-Siberian Railroad. And thirdly, to resurrect the Eastern Front by installing a White-backed government. In July 1918, against the advice of the Department of War, Woodrow Wilson agreed to send 5,000 troops as the American North Russia Expeditionary Force and 10,000 troops as the American Expeditionary Force Siberia, the second of which was commanded by William S. Graves. Graves in his book America's Siberian Adventure, 1918-1920 meticulously records the two years that he spent fighting in Russia with his men. Within the book he covers the international relations between the major intervening powers, the incredibly complex nature of the Russian Revolution and its subsequent civil war, the way that the allied forces intervened in the conflict, and the eventual outcome of the war. America's Siberian Adventure, 1918-1920 is a brilliant book for anyone interested in the military history of the United States and the history of one of its less well-known conflicts. "Its value, which is considerable, rests upon the extensive use made by General Graves of his reports to the war department, the portrayal of the methods used in carrying out his instructions, the disclosure of new material relative to the conflict of policy between the departments of state and of war, and his testimony on the ruthless regime of Kolchak, Semeonoff, and Kalmikoff." Paul H. Clyde, Journal of American History "It is a modest narrative, without bitterness or blame, clearly accurate and historic. Gen. Graves, though he didn't intend it so, comes out the shining knight, with the courage, dedication and character that enabled him to perform a great service for his country." G. Russell Evans, Captain, U.S. Coast Guard (Ret.), NEWSMAX Major General William S. Graves was a United States Army Major General. He commanded American forces in Siberia during the Siberian Expedition, part of the Allied Intervention in Russia. His book America's Siberian Adventure 1918-20 was first published in 1931 and he passed away in 1940.
Author: Robert James Maddox Publisher: ISBN: Category : History Languages : en Pages : 184
Book Description
Professor Maddox ved Pennsylvania State University behandler, med vægt på de politiske-diplomatiske omstændigheder, USA's deltagelse i interventionen i Rusland 1918-1920.
Author: C. Cwiklinski
Author: C. J. Cwiklinski
Author: Ilya Somin
Author: William Sidney Graves
Author: John Swettenham
Author: James T. Controvich
Author: William S. Grave
Author: John William Gehm
Author: Betty Miller Unterberger
Author: Robert James Maddox