American Theories of Polygenesis: Indigenous races of the earth PDF Download

Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 690

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Author: Justin Smith-Ruiu
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 0691176345
Category : Philosophy
Languages : en
Pages : 309

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Book Description
People have always been xenophobic, but an explicit philosophical and scientific view of human racial difference only began to emerge during the modern period. Why and how did this happen? Surveying a range of philosophical and natural-scientific texts, dating from the Spanish Renaissance to the German Enlightenment, Nature, Human Nature, and Human Difference charts the evolution of the modern concept of race and shows that natural philosophy, particularly efforts to taxonomize and to order nature, played a crucial role. Smith demonstrates how the denial of moral equality between Europeans and non-Europeans resulted from converging philosophical and scientific developments, including a declining belief in human nature's universality and the rise of biological classification. The racial typing of human beings grew from the need to understand humanity within an all-encompassing system of nature, alongside plants, minerals, primates, and other animals. While racial difference as seen through science did not arise in order to justify the enslavement of people, it became a rationalization and buttress for the practices of trans-Atlantic slavery. From the work of François Bernier to G. W. Leibniz, Immanuel Kant, and others, Smith delves into philosophy's part in the legacy and damages of modern racism. With a broad narrative stretching over two centuries, Nature, Human Nature, and Human Difference takes a critical historical look at how the racial categories that we divide ourselves into came into being.

Author: Vine Deloria, Jr.
Publisher: Fulcrum Publishing
ISBN: 1682752410
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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Vine Deloria, Jr., leading Native American scholar and author of the best-selling God is Red, addresses the conflict between mainstream scientific theory about our world and the ancestral worldview of Native Americans. Claiming that science has created a largely fictional scenario for American Indians in prehistoric North America, Deloria offers an alternative view of the continent's history as seen through the eyes and memories of Native Americans. Further, he warns future generations of scientists not to repeat the ethnocentric omissions and fallacies of the past by dismissing Native oral tradition as mere legends.

Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 528

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Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 328

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Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 456

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Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 504

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Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Craniology
Languages : en
Pages : 572

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Author: Robert Bernasconi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Human evolution
Languages : en
Pages : 794

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Author: Corrie Decker
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 110710369X
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 353

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An engaging history of how the idea of development has shaped Africa's past and present encounters with the West.