Author: Thomas G. Blomberg Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351532502 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
The purpose of American Penology is to provide a story of punishment's past, present, and likely future. The story begins in the 1600s, in the setting of colonial America, and ends in the present. As the story evolves through various historical and contemporary settings, America's efforts to understand and control crime unfold. The context, ideas, practices, and consequences of various reforms in the ways crime is punished are described and examined. Though the book's broader scope and purpose can be distinguished from prior efforts, it necessarily incorporates many contributions from this rich literature. While this enlarged second edition incorporates select descriptions and contingencies in relation to particular eras and punishment ideas and practices, it does not limit itself to individual "histories" of these eras. Instead, it uses history to frame and help explain particular punishment ideas and practices in relation to the period and context from which they evolved. The authors focus upon selected demographic, economic, political, religious, and intellectual contingencies that are associated with historical and contemporary eras to show how these contingencies shaped America's punishment ideals and practices. In offering a new understanding of received notions of crime control in this edition, Blomberg and Lucken not only provide insights into the future of punishment, but also show how the larger culture of control extends beyond the field of criminology to have an impact on declining levels of democracy, freedom, and privacy.
Author: Thomas G. Blomberg Publisher: Transaction Publishers ISBN: 1412815096 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
The purpose of American Penology is to provide a story of punishment's past, present, and likely future. The story begins in the 1600s, in the setting of colonial America, and ends in the present. As the story evolves through various historical and contemporary settings, America's efforts to understand and control crime unfold. The context, ideas, practices, and consequences of various reforms in the ways crime is punished are described and examined. Though the book's broader scope and purpose can be distinguished from prior efforts, it necessarily incorporates many contributions from this rich literature. While this enlarged second edition incorporates select descriptions and contingencies in relation to particular eras and punishment ideas and practices, it does not limit itself to individual "histories" of these eras. Instead, it uses history to frame and help explain particular punishment ideas and practices in relation to the period and context from which they evolved. The authors focus upon selected demographic, economic, political, religious, and intellectual contingencies that are associated with historical and contemporary eras to show how these contingencies shaped America's punishment ideals and practices. In offering a new understanding of received notions of crime control in this edition, Blomberg and Lucken not only provide insights into the future of punishment, but also show how the larger culture of control extends beyond the field of criminology to have an impact on declining levels of democracy, freedom, and privacy.
Author: Shlomo Giora Shoham Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1420053884 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 802
Book Description
At the outset of the twenty-first century, more than 9 million people are held in custody in over 200 countries around the world.--from the essay "Prisons and Jails" by Ron KingThe first comparative study of this increasingly integral social subject, International Handbook of Penology and Criminal Justice provides a comprehensive and balanced revie
Author: Stanley Cohen Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351495429 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 532
Book Description
While crime, law, and punishment are subjects that have everyday meanings not very far from their academic representations, "social control" is one of those terms that appear in the sociological discourse without any corresponding everyday usage. This concept has a rather mixed lineage. "After September 11" has become a slogan that conveys all things to all people but carries some very specific implications on interrogation and civil liberties for the future of punishment and social control.The editors hold that the already pliable boundaries between ordinary and political crime will become more unstable; national and global considerations will come closer together; domestic crime control policies will be more influenced by interests of national security; measures to prevent and control international terrorism will cast their reach wider (to financial structures and ideological support); the movements of immigrants, refugees, and asylum seekers will be curtailed and criminalized; taken-for-granted human rights and civil liberties will be restricted. In the midst of these dramatic social changes, hardly anyone will notice the academic field of "punishment and social control" being drawn closer to political matters.Criminology is neither a "pure" academic discipline nor a profession that offers an applied body of knowledge to solve the crime problem. Its historical lineage has left an insistent tension between the drive to understand and the drive to be relevant. While the scope and orientation of this new second edition remain the same, in recognition of the continued growth and diversity of interest in punishment and social control, new chapters have been added and several original chapters have been updated and revised.
Author: Pamela Wilcox Publisher: Transaction Publishers ISBN: 9780202365282 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 268
Book Description
The main objective of this book is to propose an alternative criminal opportunity theory. The authors build upon social control and routine activities to develop a dynamic, multi-contextual criminal opportunity theory. Emphasizing the importance of contextual explanations of criminal acts, they propose two levels of analysis: individual and environmental. At each level, the theory pivots on three broad organizing constructs--offenders motivated to commit criminal acts, targets such as persons or property suitable as objects of criminal acts, and the presence or absence of individuals or other defensive mechanisms capable of serving as guardians against criminal acts. Crime is profoundly real, possessing qualities that make its occurrence and prevention pressing and persistent matters for individuals and societies. Theory, in contrast, is seen as highly abstract and removed from the seriousness of "real life." Theory almost seems to be a peculiar sport of an academic class. The practically minded, even some academic criminologists, are often perplexed by the seeming obsession some scholars have with theory, which, after all, is nothing more than an explanation of facts. The practically minded, seeing a compelling need to identify the crucial factors that could be used to predict and prevent crime, wonder why anyone would invest precious time and energy into speculating about the abstract, underlying details of why crime occurs when and where it does. The authors contend that every intervention, prevention, and policy is based on some theoretical explanation of the causes of human behavior. The improvement of interventions, preventions, and policies is thus directly related to the improvement of theoretical understandings of the abstract, underlying details of the causes of crime. The development of explanations of events, when properly done, is a crucial component to understanding and possibly improving the "real world." This work does just that.
Author: Sandro Segre Publisher: Transaction Publishers ISBN: 9780202366715 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 252
Book Description
This study presents and compares the drug policies in use in the United States, Sweden, and Italy to limit the use and abuse of substances such as marijuana, hashish, cocaine, heroin, and amphetamines. It also focuses on attempts to suppress the traffic in these drugs. A primary objective of Segre's work is theoretical: to evaluate and explain, by means of a comparative method applied to the study of individual cases, the respective level of success of these policies, measured according to conventional criteria. The aim of this comparison between Swedish drug policies (a positive case) and U.S. and Italian policies (negative cases) is to evaluate the effect of these policies on drug use. Segre comes to the general conclusion that there is a causal relationship between drug use and drug control. This is deduced from the association between Swedish policies and the limited diffusion of narcotics in Sweden on the one hand; and from the association between U.S. and Italian policies and the wide diffusion of these substances in the United States and in Italy, on the other hand. This study does not aim to give a complete explanation of the high or low use of narcotics. But what Segre does say is that the level of drug consumption could be a consequence of other causes, which are considered here not as independent variables but, on the contrary, as intervening variables. The literature in this field needs to dwell particularly on social and psychological causes. Examples are the influence of parents and peers, attitudes toward the use of drugs or abstention from them, the positive or negative images that persons have of themselves, and the possibility or, rather, the difficulty of establishing significant forms of interpersonal communication. This is a modest, serious contribution to the vexing issue of the causes of drug use in advanced societies.
Author: David Downes Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1134005954 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 481
Book Description
A book of essays in Stanley Cohen's honor that examines the main themes he has explored and developed, which are: crime, social control, and human rights.
Author: Thomas G. Blomberg
Author: Thomas G. Blomberg
Author: Shlomo Giora Shoham
Author: Stanley Cohen
Author: Pamela Wilcox
Author: Sandro Segre
Author: 
Author: David Downes
Author: 
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