Liquid Scintillation Alpha Spectrometry PDF Download
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Author: W. McDowell Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351091034 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Alpha liquid scintillation was developed to obtain accurate analytical determinations of alpha-emitting nuclides where no other methods were sufficiently accurate. With the present emphasis on clean-up of radiation contamination, alpha liquid scintillation has become an important tool in the determination of low concentrations of alpha-emitting nuclides. This book is the first to address the subject of alpha liquid scintillation in its entirety. It also examines how alpha spectrometry by liquid scintillation can be done without interference from beta/gamma radiation. Scientists interested in the analysis of alpha-emitting nuclides for environmental monitoring, remediation clean-up, accountability, and research will find this to be a valuable book.
Author: W. McDowell Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1351091034 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Alpha liquid scintillation was developed to obtain accurate analytical determinations of alpha-emitting nuclides where no other methods were sufficiently accurate. With the present emphasis on clean-up of radiation contamination, alpha liquid scintillation has become an important tool in the determination of low concentrations of alpha-emitting nuclides. This book is the first to address the subject of alpha liquid scintillation in its entirety. It also examines how alpha spectrometry by liquid scintillation can be done without interference from beta/gamma radiation. Scientists interested in the analysis of alpha-emitting nuclides for environmental monitoring, remediation clean-up, accountability, and research will find this to be a valuable book.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Starting with polonium in 1898, .cap alpha.-spectrometry has played a decisive role in the discovery of new, heavy elements. For even-even nuclei, .cap alpha.-spectra have proved simple to interpret and exhibit systematic trends that allow extrapolation to unknown isotopes. The early discovery of the natural .cap alpha.-decay series led to the very powerful method of genetically linking the decay of new elements to the well-established .cap alpha.-emission of daughter and granddaughter nuclei. This technique has been used for all recent discoveries of new elements including Z = 109. Up to mendelevium (Z = 101), thin samples suitable for .cap alpha.-spectrometry were prepared by chemical methods. With the advent of heavy-ion accelerators new sample preparation methods emerged. These were based on the large momentum transfer associated with heavy-ion reactions, which produced energetic target recoils that, when ejected from the target, could be thermalized in He gas. Subsequent electrical deposition or a He-jet technique yielded samples that were not only thin enough for .cap alpha.-spectroscopy, but also for .cap alpha.- and .beta.-recoil experiments. Many variations of these methods have been developed and are discussed. For the synthesis of element 106 an aerosol-based recoil transport technique was devised. In the most recent experiments, .cap alpha.-spectrometry has been coupled with the magnetic analysis of the recoils. The time from production to analysis of an isotope has thereby been reduced to 10−6 s; while it was 10−1 to 10° s for He-jets and 101 to 103 s for rapid chemical separations. Experiments are now in progress to synthesize super heavy elements (SHE) and to analyze them with these latest techniques. Again, .cap alpha.-spectrometry will play a major role since the expected signature for the decay of a SHE is a sequence of .cap alpha.-decays followed by spontaneous fission.
Author: W. McDowell
Author: W. McDowell
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Author: K. M. Glover
Author: J. M. R. Hutchinson
Author: Michael F. L'Annunziata
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Author: Richard A. Semmler
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