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Author: Centre for Co-operation with Economies in Transition Publisher: OECD ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
"The papers in this volume ... were presented at an international conference on Agriculture and the Environment in the Transition to a Market Economy, held on 14-16 September 1993 in Vilnius, Lithuania."--Foreword.
Author: Centre for Co-operation with Economies in Transition Publisher: OECD ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
"The papers in this volume ... were presented at an international conference on Agriculture and the Environment in the Transition to a Market Economy, held on 14-16 September 1993 in Vilnius, Lithuania."--Foreword.
Author: Krijn J. Poppe Publisher: BRILL ISBN: 9086866883 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 392
Book Description
Agriculture is changing rapidly. The greatest current challenge to the agricultural sector is for it to become sustainable in all three of the dimensions profit, people and planet. This is certainly the case in highly urbanized countries like the Netherlands, where agriculture is confronted with high land prices, rising consumer concerns for issues like animal welfare and negative environmental effects but also with new demands from the city for recreation, health care and local food products. These are some of the developments in our society that are forcing agriculture to change. The government, farmers, the agri-food industry and the retail sector struggle to meet this challenge and find new forms of governance. In the Netherlands, the government has called for a ‘transition towards sustainable agriculture’ and it is investing in this programme with its research and education policy. Similar trends have been observed in other countries. This book presents the expertise that has been accrued from at least five years of Dutch research in this area. The aim is to collate the results of the experiments, to learn from them, to confront them with existing theory and to share them with a larger audience in order to foster learning about transition. Given the leading position of the Netherlands in global agriculture, in a highly urbanized setting, and its leading position in the study of transition theory this should be of significant interest to students and researchers of the transitions in agriculture.
Author: World Bank Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821368095 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 390
Book Description
The world's demand for food is expected to double within the next 50 years, while the natural resources that sustain agriculture will become increasingly scarce, degraded, and vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In many poor countries, agriculture accounts for at least 40 percent of GDP and 80 percent of employment. At the same time, about 70 percent of the world's poor live in rural areas and most depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. 'World Development Report 2008' seeks to assess where, when, and how agriculture can be an effective instrument for economic development, especially development that favors the poor. It examines several broad questions: How has agriculture changed in developing countries in the past 20 years? What are the important new challenges and opportunities for agriculture? Which new sources of agricultural growth can be captured cost effectively in particular in poor countries with large agricultural sectors as in Africa? How can agricultural growth be made more effective for poverty reduction? How can governments facilitate the transition of large populations out of agriculture, without simply transferring the burden of rural poverty to urban areas? How can the natural resource endowment for agriculture be protected? How can agriculture's negative environmental effects be contained? This year's report marks the 30th year the World Bank has been publishing the 'World Development Report'.
Author: Gene Wunderlich Publisher: University Press of America ISBN: 9780761800668 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 164
Book Description
In this collection of essays, edited by Gene Wunderlich, individual authors from various institutions discuss the economics and political issues surrounding land reform and the privatization of agricultural landownership in formerly socialized economies. The authors provide a solid framework for understanding how changes in landownership affect farm organization and production, wealth distribution, the environment, and public services. The subject matter is particularly relevant, although not limited to, the formerly socialized economies of Central and Eastern Europe. This book will be particularly useful in economic development courses and classes studying comparative economic systems. This book also provides excellent background for consultants and policymakers. Contents: Foreword; Preface; Creating Private Ownership and Markets in the Agricultural Land of Formerly Socialist Countries (Wunderlich); Landed Property in Capitalist and Socialist Countries (Thiesenhusen); Changing Land Relations and Farming Structures in Formerly Socialist Countries (Lerman); Supporting Markets in the Agricultural Land of Transitional Economies (Munro-Faure); Farmland Conveyancing in Selected FAO Member Sates in Transition (Riddell); Agricultural Land Tax and the Transition to Market Economy (Muller); Authors.
Author: Johan F. M. Swinnen Publisher: OUP Oxford ISBN: 0191537225 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 234
Book Description
The emergence of China as a global economic powerhouse, the uncertain path of Russia towards a market economy, and the integration of ten Central and Eastern European countries into the European Union (EU) have occupied the minds and agendas of many policy-makers, business leaders and scholars from around the world at the end of the twentieth and the beginning of the twenty-first century. Twenty years ago these developments were unimaginable. The impact of these changes is so vast that the importance of understanding the forces that unleashed this process, how these changes became possible, and what the lessons are for other developing countries, cannot be overestimated. This book is the first effort to analyze the economics and politics of agricultural reforms by comparing the reform processes, their causes and their effects across this vast region. The authors draw on a vast set of studies and new data, which compare reforms and economic impacts in more than 25 countries, to come up with a series of conclusions and implications on the role of economic reforms in growth, and the importance of initial conditions and political constraints in explaining the choices that were made and their effects. The book analyzes some of the most successful sets of agricultural policies in history that have lifted people out of poverty, raising productivity and incomes by staggering amounts. At the same time the book explains the reasons behind dramatic failures in policy processes and reforms that caused hunger, poverty and which had devastating effects on economic growth and development for millions of other people.
Author: Gilles Allaire Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 1351210025 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 317
Book Description
With increasing pressure on resources, the looming spectre of climate change and growing anxiety among eaters, ecology and food are at the heart of the political debates surrounding agriculture and diet. This unique contribution unravels agri-environmental issues at different spatial levels, from local to global, documenting the major shifts in agriculture from a long-term perspective. The book begins by exploring the changes in the industrialisation and socialisation of agriculture over time, through the lens of institutional economics including The French Regulation School and Conventions Theory. Building on Polanyi’s ‘Great Transformation’, the chapters in this volume analyse long-term and contemporary changes in agriculture and food systems that have occurred throughout the last few centuries. Key chapters focus on the historical changes in provisioning and the social relations of production, consumption, and regulation of food in different socio-political contexts. The future of agriculture is addressed through an analysis of controversial contemporary political claims and their engagement with strategies that aim to improve the sustainability of agriculture and food consumption. To shed light on ongoing changes and the future of food, this book asks important environmental and social questions and analyses how industrial agriculture has played out in various contexts. It is recommended supplementary reading for postgraduates and researchers in agricultural studies, food studies, food policy, the agri-food political economy and political and economic geography.
Author: G. A. Wilson Publisher: CABI ISBN: 1845932579 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 386
Book Description
In a time of great agricultural and rural change, the notion of 'multifunctionality' has remained under-theorized and poorly linked to the debates in the social sciences. This book analyses the extent to which the proposed transition towards post-productivist agriculture holds up to scientific scrutiny, and proposes a new transition theory.
Author: Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues Publisher: IGI Global ISBN: 1799895599 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 420
Book Description
The agricultural and food sectors, as well as other economic activities, follow the current trends verified in economies and societies on the technological level. Agriculture and the food sector are decisive in times of crisis to mitigate the consequences of unemployment generated by adverse cycles. A developed agriculture is fundamental to the sustainable economic development of any country, as it allows the supply of goods to satisfy basic needs at lower prices. Impacts of Climate Change and Economic and Health Crises on the Agriculture and Food Sectors provides a forum for discussing contemporary trends in the agricultural and food sectors. The themes presented in this publication make it possible to approximate the various and current dimensions related to food production. Covering topics such as food security, labor drivers, and sustainable development, this book is an excellent resource for farmers, SME owners, students and professors of higher education, researchers, public institutions, policymakers, and academicians.
Author: Kenneth J. Thomson Publisher: Lexington Books ISBN: 9780739105184 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
Of the ten Central and Eastern European countries that have applied for membership in the European Union, Romania ranks among the largest and most impoverished. Romania represents the final challenge in the European Union's enlargement to the east, largely due to its major, but underdeveloped, agriculture and food sectors. The agriculture industry, which is a major component of the national economy, extends its pervasive influence to both Romanian social life and environment. Consequently, the transition towards a market oriented economic system will pose new obstacles for the country's farmers, processors, traders, and policymakers. While identifying the impediments that surround Romanian agriculture and its inevitable progression towards transition is a simple task, the challenges lie in recommending solutions. Through careful analysis of numerous recent studies on reform policies in the Romanian agri-food sector during its economic transition, this comprehensive examination offers perspicacious suggestions and insights on the following topics in particular: international trade, credit for agricultural development, price policies, and rural development. The conclusions reached are not only of domestic importance and application, they are also of immediate relevance for many post-socialist countries, for which the agri-food sector is a principal vehicle for rural development.
Author: Centre for Co-operation with Economies in Transition
Author: Centre for Co-operation with Economies in Transition
Author: Krijn J. Poppe
Author: World Bank
Author: Gene Wunderlich
Author: Johan F. M. Swinnen
Author: Karen McConnell Brooks
Author: Gilles Allaire
Author: G. A. Wilson
Author: Martinho, Vítor João Pereira Domingues
Author: Kenneth J. Thomson