Agricultural Productivity and Production Technology Research in Northeast Brazil PDF Download

Author: Eduardo Venezian L.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110

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Author: Carlos A. Arnade
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural innovations
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Author: Levon Yeganiantz
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 322

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Book Description
Acknowledgements. Forword. Demographic aspects of agricultural development: Brazil, 1950-1974. Import substitution and implicit taxation of agriculture in Brazil. The economic evaluation of the impact of extension programs: a suggested methodogy and an application to ACAR in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Brazilian agricultural research. Reforming and development of an agricultural research institution. Making effective use of international personnel. Brazil's program for development of agricultural researchers. Making agricultural research a priority for public investment. An empirical test of an economic model for establishing research priorities a Brazil case study. Notes on the dissemination of new technology.Observations on brazilian agricultural research and productivity. The challenge of agricultural research in Brazil.

Author: Carlos A. Arnade
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agricultural productivity
Languages : en
Pages : 32

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Author: Robert Lee Thompson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 354

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Agricultural output in Brazil must grow at a rapid rate if the recent high rates of growth of the general economy are to continue. Growth in agricultural productivity is fundamental to such economic growth. To better understand the sources of such growth, a cross-sectional analysis of geographic differences in output and resource productivity in Brazil was undertaken. High payoff input models and models of induced development were drawn upon as sources of hypotheses to explain observed interregional differences in productivity. A Griliches - Haymi - Ruttan - type metaproduction function was especified as the analytical tool. Three input classes were included: traditional factors of production, represented by labor, cropland, and livestock; modern inputs, in the form of fertilizer and tractors; and montraditional inputs provided by society, represented by rural education and agricultural research and extesion. A Cobb - Douglas function was estimated with cross-sectional statelevel data for 1970. The following coefficient estimates resulted: labor, . 37; land, . 13; livestock, . 15; machinery, . 10; education, . 33; and research and estesion, . 24. The fertilizer variable was dropped from the function when no plausible coefficient was obtained apparently due to multicollinearity and measurement problems. With the exception of the fertilizer variable, the estimated coeficients are of comparable magnitudes to those obtained in agricultural metaproduction function studies in other countries and groups of countries. The results of this study suggest that differences in investments in rural education and in agricultural research and extesion can account for as much of observed interstate in agricultural output as differences in quantities of land and labor. Moreover, relative quantities of the traditional inputs, land and labor, imply that the Northeast of Brazil should have a higher labor productivity than the south -- contrary to what is observed. Relative differences in the quantities of education and scientific manpower tend to account for the reversal in relative position. This finding is significant since increased labor productivity tends to be a necessary condition for increased per capita income. The education and research and extesion variables act as shifters of the metaproduction function. Therefore, investiments in these activities also shift the supply curve downwards. Assuming a negatively sloped demand curve this would tend to lower food prices, benefitting the lower income classes who spend more of their incomes on food than the upper income groups. The effect on total agricultural income depends upon the price elasticity of demand. The marginal value products of all factors were clculated at 1970 input levels. The marginal value product of labor was uniformly hegher in the south and lower in the Northeast. Therefore, migration of labor from the Northeast to the South such as has been occurring, should tend to increase national agricultural output. The opposite ranking was observed in the case of the marginal value products of tractors, suggesting that the greatest output effect of a marginal increase in tractor mechanization would occur in the Northeast.However, the associated employment effects should not be overlooked. Marginal internal rates of return to investments in rural education and in agricultural research and extesion were calculated. At the geometric mean of the 18 states studied, the calculated rates were 25 percent and 31 percent, respectively. Investments in these two activites appear to have a very high payoff in Brazil. Therefore, such investments should recive consideration relative to alternative development projects by government decision-markers. A rather crude sources of growth analysis suggested that a rapid rate of growth in Brazilian agricultural output cannot be sustained through increasing the rate at wich traditional inputs are absorbed into production. Future growth must, therefore, be based increasingly upon nontraditional inputs such as rural education and agricultural research and extesion.

Author: Marc Nerlove
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN: 9780896291072
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 68

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Book Description
Data. Farm-level diversification and product mix. Cluster analysis. Univariate analysis. Longitudinal analysis. Conclusions and policy implications.

Author: Mohamed A. El-Esawi
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN: 1789230381
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 102

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Book Description
Maize is an important staple food crop worldwide. It is the third most important cereal crop after wheat and rice and is economically used for both livestock feeds and human consumption. The latest maize research has opened up new opportunities for crop improvement. This book brings together recent work and advances that have recently been made in the dynamic fields of genetic characterization, molecular breeding, genetic engineering technologies, and mapping of agronomic traits of global maize germplasm. It also provides new insights into and sheds new light regarding the current research trends and future research directions in maize. This book will provoke interest in many readers, researchers, and scientists, who can find this information useful for the advancement of their research works toward maize improvement.

Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309047498
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 721

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Book Description
Rainforests are rapidly being cleared in the humid tropics to keep pace with food demands, economic needs, and population growth. Without proper management, these forests and other natural resources will be seriously depleted within the next 50 years. Sustainable Agriculture and the Environment in the Humid Tropics provides critically needed direction for developing strategies that both mitigate land degradation, deforestation, and biological resource losses and help the economic status of tropical countries through promotion of sustainable agricultural practices. The book includes: A practical discussion of 12 major land use options for boosting food production and enhancing local economies while protecting the natural resource base. Recommendations for developing technologies needed for sustainable agriculture. A strategy for changing policies that discourage conserving and managing natural resources and biodiversity. Detailed reports on agriculture and deforestation in seven tropical countries.

Author: Eduardo Magalhaes, Xinshen Diao
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Author: William Hord Nicholls
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 40

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Book Description